CMCP Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers

CMCP Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Epilepsy - CORRECT ANSWER - condition which exhibits recurrent seizure like activity



Seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - a hyper excitation of neurons of the brain leading to a
sudden, usually violent involuntary series of contractions of groups of muscles
- transient or acute


Causes of seizures - CORRECT ANSWER - -Congenital abnormalities
-Perinatal injuries
-Metabolic and toxic disorders
-Head trauma
-Tumors
-Vascular diseases
-Infectious diseases


Seizures caused by congenital abnormalities - CORRECT ANSWER - genetic or traumatic
abnormalities


Seizures caused by perinatal injuries - CORRECT ANSWER - - maternal infection
- rubella
- hypoxia during delivery
- brain injury before or after birth


Seizures caused by metabolic and toxic disorders - CORRECT ANSWER --
hypocalcemia
- hypoglycemia
- alcohol/ drug withdrawal (delerium tremors)

,Seizures caused by head trauma - CORRECT ANSWER - damage can cause reoccurring
seizures


Seizures caused by tumors - CORRECT ANSWER - - occur at any age, more specific to
older years
- result of space occupying lesions
- tumor takes up brain space


Seizures caused by vascular disease - CORRECT ANSWER - - usually age related
- can result from any blood flow decrease to the brain
- brain tissue death


Seizures caused by infectious disease - CORRECT ANSWER - - affects all age groups
- infectious bacterial meningitis
- herpes encephalitis
- measles (brain swelling)


Predisposing factors of seizures - CORRECT ANSWER - - changes in cerebral blood flow
- flashing lights
- fatigue
- decreased physical health
- missed meals
- alcohol ingestion
- physical or emotional stress


Primary classification of seizures - CORRECT ANSWER - - idiopathic
- no definite causative factor can be found (65%)

,- unknown cause
- epilepsy


Secondary classification of seizures - CORRECT ANSWER - - demonstrates a probable
cause (35%)
- secondary to other condition (known cause)


Types of seizures - CORRECT ANSWER - - Partial seizures (simple or complex)
- Generalized seizures


Partial seizures (focal seizure) - CORRECT ANSWER - - involves on part of the brain
- consciousness preserved
- symptoms relate to part of brain affected
- may hallucinate
- may lead to generalized seizure


Simple partial seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - motor sensory or autonomic
- one limb or one side of body


Complex partial seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - last longer than simple
- causes birth injury, tumors, trauma
- impaired/ cloudy consciousness, mild amnesia
- incoherent speech
- turning of head
- shifting of eyes
- smacking of the lips
- twisting/ writhing movements of extremities
- one side of body, one side part of brain

, Grand mal generalized seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - occurs in 90% of people with
epilepsy
- generalized tonic-clonic seizures
- most common form
- equal in both sexes
- usually during puberty, can occur at any age
- 2-3 minutes in duration
- loss of consciousness
- total episode can last up to 2 hours
- tiring and disorienting


Petite mal generalized seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - absence seizures
- occurs in ages 3-15, decreases with age
- usually while patient is quiet (inactivity or just awakened)
- brief lapse of consciousness lasting 5-10 seconds
- no movement except cyclic blinking
- blank stare, twitching or rapid blinking


Status epilepticus generalized seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - seizure or repeated
seizures that persist for more than 1 hour
- one continuous seizure after another
- life threatening or cause serious brain damage
- death occurs 10% of time
- need to be put in medically induced coma to stop seizure


Prodromal phase of a seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - - phase before seizure
- can have an aura (sign seizure is coming)