NCSF CPT
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
1. What is a joint? And what are the types?: Intersection of 2 bones, major types include fibrous,
cartilaginous and synovial
2. Bone length increases until when?: Until the cartilage is ossified in the epiphyseal plates of long
bones; peak bone mass is usually attained by 18 yrs old
3. What is the epiphyseal plate?: Transverse cartilage plates located near the end of long bones and
responsible for increases in vertical growth during childhood/adolescence
4. What is the synovial joints purpose?: Uses synovial fluid to reduce frictional stresses and allow for
considerable movement between associated articulating bones
5. What skeletal system uses synovial joints the most?: Appendicular
6. What are the synovial joints?: Plane, pivot, hinge, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket
7. What does a plane joint do?: Allows bones to slide past each other. Mid carpal and midtarsal joints
(hands and feet)
8. What's does a pivot joint do?: Allows rotation around and axis. Found in neck and forearm
9. What does a hinge joint do?: Allows extension and retraction of an appendage. Hinge joints are found
in the knees, elbows, fingers and toes
10. What does a condyloid joint do?: Similar to call and socket but with less movement. The wrist
11. What does a saddle joint do?: Allows movement back and forth and up and down. The only one is
the thumb
12. What does the ball and socket joint do?: Allows for radical movement in almost any direction.
Shoulders and hips
13. Ligaments and tendons do what for joints?: Provide structural support
14. What is muscle fascia?: Fibrous connective tissue that encapsulates full muscles as well as bundles of
fibers; provides the muscles shape and regulated tension/transfer of force across joints
15. Sliding filament theory: Action potential travels down T tubule. This stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum
to release calcium ions which unlock the bond between actin and troponin
When troponin is moved from calcium activity, myosin can attach to actin forming a cross bridge
ATP is split at the myosin-actin attachment site which releases energy and allows the myosin head to slide the actin to
contract (shorten) the muscle fiber
16. Agonist and antagonist: Agonist- bicep in curl antagonist- tricep in curl
, NCSF CPT
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
17. What is isotonic muscle contraction?: Tension remains constant while joint angles change; seen
during most exercises that include acceleration and deceleration component
18. What is concentric muscle contraction?: Occurs during acceleration phase of a lift as the muscle
shortens
19. What is eccentric muscle contraction?: Occurs during deceleration phase of a lift as the muscle
lengthens
20. What is isometric muscle contraction?: Tension is Created but no joint angles change- common
in stabilizers
21. What is isokinetic muscle contraction?: Involves a constant speed of movement; requires
specialized rehab equipment
22. What is the Sagittal plane of movement?: Splits body into left and right halves; includes
exercises that require forward and back movement (lunges).
23. What is the frontal plane of movement?: Splits the body into front and back halves includes
exercises that require side to side movement (lateral raises)
24. What is transverse plane of movement?: Splits body into top and bottom halves; includes
exercise that's require rotation (oblique twists)
25. What is the midline?: The median plane of the body
26. What is ipsilateral?: on the same side of the body
27. What is contralateral?: on the opposite side of the body
28. What is superficial?: Shallow proximity in relation to surface
29. What is deep?: Extending inward in relation to surface layer
30. What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column?: Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum and coccyx (9 fused)
31. Proper postural position is what?: Neutral spine
32. lordotic curve?: Concave inward curve
33. Kyphotic curve?: Convex (outward curve)
34. What are spinal joints separated by?: Intervertebral discs that serve as cushion during movement
35. When is the only time a pelvis shouldn't be neutral during exercise?: During
abdominal crunches- needs posterior tilt for proper muscle activation
36. Bending forward is what?: Flexion
, NCSF CPT
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
37. Going from flexion to standing is what?: Extrnsion
38. Shoulder- arm at 90 degree, elbow bent palm facing down. Rotating up is
what? Rotating back down to 90 degree is what?: External rotation
Internal rotation
39. Arms above head is what?: Shoulder flexion
40. Arms by sides is what? And arms going behind back is what?: Shoulder extension
Shoulder hyper extension
41. Palm supinated and parallel to floor is what?: Elbow flexion
42. What is hip flexion?: Knee up in 90 degree
43. What is hip extension?: Leg down (standing)
44. What is hip hyperextension?: Leg slightly drawn back while standing
45. Up on toe is what?: Plantar flexion
46. Heel down toes up is what?: Doris flexion
47. Ankle rolled out is what?: Ankle inversion
48. Ankle rolled in is what?: Ankle eversion
49. Knee bent and foot drawn back at 90 degree parallel to floor is what?: Knee
flexed
50. Both feet on ground is what?: Knee extended
51. What are the trunk muscles?: Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Erector spinae group
Quadratus lumborum
52. What are the trunk muscles movement functions?
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Erector spinae group
Quadratus lumborum: •Rectus abdominis- trunk flexion- ab curl up
•External oblique- flexes & rotates vertebral column- diagonal chop
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
1. What is a joint? And what are the types?: Intersection of 2 bones, major types include fibrous,
cartilaginous and synovial
2. Bone length increases until when?: Until the cartilage is ossified in the epiphyseal plates of long
bones; peak bone mass is usually attained by 18 yrs old
3. What is the epiphyseal plate?: Transverse cartilage plates located near the end of long bones and
responsible for increases in vertical growth during childhood/adolescence
4. What is the synovial joints purpose?: Uses synovial fluid to reduce frictional stresses and allow for
considerable movement between associated articulating bones
5. What skeletal system uses synovial joints the most?: Appendicular
6. What are the synovial joints?: Plane, pivot, hinge, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket
7. What does a plane joint do?: Allows bones to slide past each other. Mid carpal and midtarsal joints
(hands and feet)
8. What's does a pivot joint do?: Allows rotation around and axis. Found in neck and forearm
9. What does a hinge joint do?: Allows extension and retraction of an appendage. Hinge joints are found
in the knees, elbows, fingers and toes
10. What does a condyloid joint do?: Similar to call and socket but with less movement. The wrist
11. What does a saddle joint do?: Allows movement back and forth and up and down. The only one is
the thumb
12. What does the ball and socket joint do?: Allows for radical movement in almost any direction.
Shoulders and hips
13. Ligaments and tendons do what for joints?: Provide structural support
14. What is muscle fascia?: Fibrous connective tissue that encapsulates full muscles as well as bundles of
fibers; provides the muscles shape and regulated tension/transfer of force across joints
15. Sliding filament theory: Action potential travels down T tubule. This stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum
to release calcium ions which unlock the bond between actin and troponin
When troponin is moved from calcium activity, myosin can attach to actin forming a cross bridge
ATP is split at the myosin-actin attachment site which releases energy and allows the myosin head to slide the actin to
contract (shorten) the muscle fiber
16. Agonist and antagonist: Agonist- bicep in curl antagonist- tricep in curl
, NCSF CPT
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
17. What is isotonic muscle contraction?: Tension remains constant while joint angles change; seen
during most exercises that include acceleration and deceleration component
18. What is concentric muscle contraction?: Occurs during acceleration phase of a lift as the muscle
shortens
19. What is eccentric muscle contraction?: Occurs during deceleration phase of a lift as the muscle
lengthens
20. What is isometric muscle contraction?: Tension is Created but no joint angles change- common
in stabilizers
21. What is isokinetic muscle contraction?: Involves a constant speed of movement; requires
specialized rehab equipment
22. What is the Sagittal plane of movement?: Splits body into left and right halves; includes
exercises that require forward and back movement (lunges).
23. What is the frontal plane of movement?: Splits the body into front and back halves includes
exercises that require side to side movement (lateral raises)
24. What is transverse plane of movement?: Splits body into top and bottom halves; includes
exercise that's require rotation (oblique twists)
25. What is the midline?: The median plane of the body
26. What is ipsilateral?: on the same side of the body
27. What is contralateral?: on the opposite side of the body
28. What is superficial?: Shallow proximity in relation to surface
29. What is deep?: Extending inward in relation to surface layer
30. What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column?: Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum and coccyx (9 fused)
31. Proper postural position is what?: Neutral spine
32. lordotic curve?: Concave inward curve
33. Kyphotic curve?: Convex (outward curve)
34. What are spinal joints separated by?: Intervertebral discs that serve as cushion during movement
35. When is the only time a pelvis shouldn't be neutral during exercise?: During
abdominal crunches- needs posterior tilt for proper muscle activation
36. Bending forward is what?: Flexion
, NCSF CPT
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hscy5g
37. Going from flexion to standing is what?: Extrnsion
38. Shoulder- arm at 90 degree, elbow bent palm facing down. Rotating up is
what? Rotating back down to 90 degree is what?: External rotation
Internal rotation
39. Arms above head is what?: Shoulder flexion
40. Arms by sides is what? And arms going behind back is what?: Shoulder extension
Shoulder hyper extension
41. Palm supinated and parallel to floor is what?: Elbow flexion
42. What is hip flexion?: Knee up in 90 degree
43. What is hip extension?: Leg down (standing)
44. What is hip hyperextension?: Leg slightly drawn back while standing
45. Up on toe is what?: Plantar flexion
46. Heel down toes up is what?: Doris flexion
47. Ankle rolled out is what?: Ankle inversion
48. Ankle rolled in is what?: Ankle eversion
49. Knee bent and foot drawn back at 90 degree parallel to floor is what?: Knee
flexed
50. Both feet on ground is what?: Knee extended
51. What are the trunk muscles?: Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Erector spinae group
Quadratus lumborum
52. What are the trunk muscles movement functions?
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Erector spinae group
Quadratus lumborum: •Rectus abdominis- trunk flexion- ab curl up
•External oblique- flexes & rotates vertebral column- diagonal chop
