NUR 401 Exam 6
1. Use of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle: Appearance - LOC, interactions with environment
Breathing - work, open airway, resp distress
Circulation - color change, mottling
2. Nursing assessment of vital signs: EX:
0700 3 yr old 88/53 - normal
0800 CNA VS 78/45 - normal BP but decreased a bit - nurse completed VS, check positioning/cuff size, trend BPs
3. Identify patterns of development in the pediatric client: Development is directional
- Cephalocaudal (head to feet)
- Proximodistal (middle of body to extremities)
Development is differentiated
- becomes increasingly integrated and complex
- speech (cooing -> syllables -> words -> sent -> etc)
Development is orderly and sequential
- follows a pattern (crawling -> walking)
Development is unique to each child- may skip crawling/pull themselves up but still follows orderly pattern
- may occur at different times
4. Signs and symptoms of severe preeclampsia: Severe HA unrelieved by Medication
,Epigastric Pain
Blurry vision
BP > 160/110
5. Inclusive language: Gender identity
Gender Pronouns
Preserve dignity
Show respect
Acknowledge diversity
6. Healthy eating habits - adolescence: Needed for growth
Calorie needs increase (2800 males & 2200 for females)
Calcium, Iron, Zinc, Vit D needed for growth
No dieting without PCP approval
No excessive exercise
Limit fast food
Do not skip meals
,7. Changing nutritional requirements - older adult: High protein, High calcium & Vit D
Increase fiber
Increase fluids during day and decrease at night
Changes:
Decreased appetite
Decreased intestinal motility
Decreased basal metabolic rate (BMR) -- dcrsd calorie need
Decreased sense of thirst
Decreased senses: vision, smell, taste
8. Concern for cows milk: Iron Deficiency Anemia
(Common in toddlers)
9. Nutritional principles - toddler: Appetite is sporadic - Quality over Quantity
No more than 24 oz milk/day
- whole milk --> 2% at 2 yrs - risk of anemia
Reduce sugars - less than 4oz fruit juice
Build lifelong habits
Iron deficiency anemia
Choking risk - feed appropriate size foods
, 10. Food Choking hazards in toddlers: Hot dogs
Rounded candies
Peanuts or other nuts
Grapes
Meats
Caramels
Carrots
Peas
Celery
Popcorn
Seeds
11. Anatomical differences in the infant: Larger BSA
Topical Medications absorb faster
1. Use of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle: Appearance - LOC, interactions with environment
Breathing - work, open airway, resp distress
Circulation - color change, mottling
2. Nursing assessment of vital signs: EX:
0700 3 yr old 88/53 - normal
0800 CNA VS 78/45 - normal BP but decreased a bit - nurse completed VS, check positioning/cuff size, trend BPs
3. Identify patterns of development in the pediatric client: Development is directional
- Cephalocaudal (head to feet)
- Proximodistal (middle of body to extremities)
Development is differentiated
- becomes increasingly integrated and complex
- speech (cooing -> syllables -> words -> sent -> etc)
Development is orderly and sequential
- follows a pattern (crawling -> walking)
Development is unique to each child- may skip crawling/pull themselves up but still follows orderly pattern
- may occur at different times
4. Signs and symptoms of severe preeclampsia: Severe HA unrelieved by Medication
,Epigastric Pain
Blurry vision
BP > 160/110
5. Inclusive language: Gender identity
Gender Pronouns
Preserve dignity
Show respect
Acknowledge diversity
6. Healthy eating habits - adolescence: Needed for growth
Calorie needs increase (2800 males & 2200 for females)
Calcium, Iron, Zinc, Vit D needed for growth
No dieting without PCP approval
No excessive exercise
Limit fast food
Do not skip meals
,7. Changing nutritional requirements - older adult: High protein, High calcium & Vit D
Increase fiber
Increase fluids during day and decrease at night
Changes:
Decreased appetite
Decreased intestinal motility
Decreased basal metabolic rate (BMR) -- dcrsd calorie need
Decreased sense of thirst
Decreased senses: vision, smell, taste
8. Concern for cows milk: Iron Deficiency Anemia
(Common in toddlers)
9. Nutritional principles - toddler: Appetite is sporadic - Quality over Quantity
No more than 24 oz milk/day
- whole milk --> 2% at 2 yrs - risk of anemia
Reduce sugars - less than 4oz fruit juice
Build lifelong habits
Iron deficiency anemia
Choking risk - feed appropriate size foods
, 10. Food Choking hazards in toddlers: Hot dogs
Rounded candies
Peanuts or other nuts
Grapes
Meats
Caramels
Carrots
Peas
Celery
Popcorn
Seeds
11. Anatomical differences in the infant: Larger BSA
Topical Medications absorb faster
