TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited s traits sare s affected sby sgenes.
• Genes s are s composed s of s the s chemical s deoxyribonucleic s acid s (DNA).
• DNA sreplicates s to s form s (usually s identical) s copies s of s itself.
• DNA scontains sa scode sspecifying swhat stypes sof senzymes sand sother sproteins sare
smade sin scells.
• DNA soccasionally smutates, s and sthe smutant sforms sspecify saltered sproteins.
• A smutant senzyme sis san s"inborn serror sof smetabolism" sthat sblocks sone sstep sin
sa sbio- schemical spathway sfor sthe smetabolism sof ssmall smolecules.
• Traits sare saffected sby s environment sas swell sas sby sgenes.
• Organisms schange sgenetically sthrough sgenerations sin sthe sprocess sof
sbiological sevolution.
• Because sof stheir scomm.on sdescent, sorganisms sshare smany sfeatures sof stheir sgenetics
and sbiochemistry.
Key sTerms
1. complementary sbase spairing
2. antiparallel
3. central sdogma
4. transcri s tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer s RNA s (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic seffect sor spleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts sin s Action
1.1. (a) sfalse; s(b) strue; s(c) strue; s(d) sfalse.
1.2. The simportance sof sthe snucleus sin sinheritance swas simplied sby sits sprominence
sin sfer- stilization. sThe sdiscovery sof schromosomes sinside sthe snucleus, stheir
sbehavior sduring scell sdivision, sand sthe sobservation sthat seach sspecies shas sa
scharacteristic schromosome snumber smade sit slikely sthat schromosomes swere sthe
scarriers sof sthe sgenes. sMicro- sscopic s studies s showed s that s DNA s and s proteins
s are s both s present s in s chromosomes, sbut swhereas snearly sall scells sof sa sgiven
sspecies scontain sa s constant samount sof sDNA, sthe samount sand skinds s of
sproteins sdiffer sgreatly sin sdifferent scell stypes.
C s2006 sby sJones sand sBartlett sPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited s traits sare s affected sby sgenes.
• Genes s are s composed s of s the s chemical s deoxyribonucleic s acid s (DNA).
• DNA sreplicates s to s form s (usually s identical) s copies s of s itself.
• DNA scontains sa scode sspecifying swhat stypes sof senzymes sand sother sproteins sare
smade sin scells.
• DNA soccasionally smutates, s and sthe smutant sforms sspecify saltered sproteins.
• A smutant senzyme sis san s"inborn serror sof smetabolism" sthat sblocks sone sstep sin
sa sbio- schemical spathway sfor sthe smetabolism sof ssmall smolecules.
• Traits sare saffected sby s environment sas swell sas sby sgenes.
• Organisms schange sgenetically sthrough sgenerations sin sthe sprocess sof
sbiological sevolution.
• Because sof stheir scomm.on sdescent, sorganisms sshare smany sfeatures sof stheir sgenetics
and sbiochemistry.
Key sTerms
1. complementary sbase spairing
2. antiparallel
3. central sdogma
4. transcri s tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer s RNA s (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic seffect sor spleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts sin s Action
1.1. (a) sfalse; s(b) strue; s(c) strue; s(d) sfalse.
1.2. The simportance sof sthe snucleus sin sinheritance swas simplied sby sits sprominence
sin sfer- stilization. sThe sdiscovery sof schromosomes sinside sthe snucleus, stheir
sbehavior sduring scell sdivision, sand sthe sobservation sthat seach sspecies shas sa
scharacteristic schromosome snumber smade sit slikely sthat schromosomes swere sthe
scarriers sof sthe sgenes. sMicro- sscopic s studies s showed s that s DNA s and s proteins
s are s both s present s in s chromosomes, sbut swhereas snearly sall scells sof sa sgiven
sspecies scontain sa s constant samount sof sDNA, sthe samount sand skinds s of
sproteins sdiffer sgreatly sin sdifferent scell stypes.
C s2006 sby sJones sand sBartlett sPublishers
