n
Fundamentals of Nursing 9th Edition n n n n
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
n n n
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition MULTIPLE
n n n n n n n n
n CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Florence Nightingale n n
n n
b. Mary Nutting n n
c. Clara Barton n n
n n
d. Lillian Wald n n
ANS: A n n
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
n n n n n n n n n n n
nsanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
n n n n n n n n n n
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5 n n
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
n n n n n n n n n n n n n practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
n n n n n n n n
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
n n n n n n n n n n n n
nnursing practice is the nurse following? n n n n n n
a. Assessment n
n n
b. Diagnosis n
c. Planning n
n n
d. Implementation n
ANS: C n n
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexpected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent
n n n n n n n n n n
nto the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the assessment
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse implements
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
(carries out) the identified plan.
n n n n n n
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 n n
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
n n n n n n n n n n
,MSC:Management of Care n n
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nthe nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
n n n n n n n n n
a. Novice n
b. Proficient n
c. Competent n
d. Advanced beginner n n
ANS: A n n
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexperience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexperiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care required
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nwho has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This experience
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nmay only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nursing care.
n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 n n
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nThe nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ndemonstrating? n
a. Licensure n
b. Autonomy n
c. Certification n
d. Accountability n
ANS: B n n
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
n nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ncandidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®, the nurse may choose to work
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ntoward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nresponsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 n
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
n n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nimplementing? n
a. Educator n
b. Manager n
c. Advocate n
d. Caregiver n
ANS: B n n
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and
n n n n n n n n n n n n
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
function and independence through the healing process.
n n n n n n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 n n
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
n n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
n n n n n n n n
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) n n n n n n
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) n n n n n
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) n n n n n n
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
n n n n n n n n
ANS: B n n
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
n n n n n n n n n n n n
naward the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs
n n n n n n n n n n n n
nin nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 n
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
n n n n n n n n n n
n TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care n n n
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nAssociation. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
n n n n n n n n n
a. Graduate education n n
b. Inservice education n n
c. Continuing education n n
d. Registered nurse education n n n
ANS: C n n
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities,
n n n n n n n n n
nhospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
n n n n n n n n n n
ncare institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
n n n n n n n n n n n n
neducation leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursing.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 n n
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
n n n n n n n n n n
n TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care n n n
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nNurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
n n n n n n n
a. Safety n
b. Patient-centered care n
c. Quality improvement n n
d. Teamwork and collaboration n n
ANS: C n n
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of harm to
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patient-
n n n n n n n n n n n
ncentered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values, and needs.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and
n n n n n n n n n n
Fundamentals of Nursing 9th Edition n n n n
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
n n n
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition MULTIPLE
n n n n n n n n
n CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Florence Nightingale n n
n n
b. Mary Nutting n n
c. Clara Barton n n
n n
d. Lillian Wald n n
ANS: A n n
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
n n n n n n n n n n n
nsanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
n n n n n n n n n n
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5 n n
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
n n n n n n n n n n n n n practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
n n n n n n n n
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
n n n n n n n n n n n n
nnursing practice is the nurse following? n n n n n n
a. Assessment n
n n
b. Diagnosis n
c. Planning n
n n
d. Implementation n
ANS: C n n
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexpected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data pertinent
n n n n n n n n n n
nto the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the assessment
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse implements
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
(carries out) the identified plan.
n n n n n n
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 n n
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
n n n n n n n n n n
,MSC:Management of Care n n
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nthe nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
n n n n n n n n n
a. Novice n
b. Proficient n
c. Competent n
d. Advanced beginner n n
ANS: A n n
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexperience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is an
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is able
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nexperiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific care required
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nwho has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This experience
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nmay only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nursing care.
n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 n n
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nThe nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ndemonstrating? n
a. Licensure n
b. Autonomy n
c. Certification n
d. Accountability n
ANS: B n n
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
n nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ncandidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-RN®, the nurse may choose to work
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ntoward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nresponsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 n
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
n n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nimplementing? n
a. Educator n
b. Manager n
c. Advocate n
d. Caregiver n
ANS: B n n
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an educator,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities,
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and
n n n n n n n n n n n n
evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
function and independence through the healing process.
n n n n n n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 n n
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
n n n n n n n n n n
n MSC:Management of Care n n n
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
n n n n n n n n
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) n n n n n n
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) n n n n n
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) n n n n n n
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN)
n n n n n n n n
ANS: B n n
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
n n n n n n n n n n n n
naward the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs
n n n n n n n n n n n n
nin nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 n
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
n n n n n n n n n n
n TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care n n n
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nAssociation. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
n n n n n n n n n
a. Graduate education n n
b. Inservice education n n
c. Continuing education n n
d. Registered nurse education n n n
ANS: C n n
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities,
n n n n n n n n n
nhospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
n n n n n n n n n n
ncare institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
n n n n n n n n n n n n
neducation leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursing.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or institution.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending to be an RN.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 n n
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
n n n n n n n n n n
n TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care n n n
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education for
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nNurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
n n n n n n n
a. Safety n
b. Patient-centered care n
c. Quality improvement n n
d. Teamwork and collaboration n n
ANS: C n n
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of harm to
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patient-
n n n n n n n n n n n
ncentered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values, and needs.
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and
n n n n n n n n n n
