APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
1.
2. what are epiphysis and diaphysis
the parts of
a long
bone?
end of a long bone that articulates (forms a joint) with another bone.
3. What is the
epi- physis?
shaft of a long bone
4. What is the
dia- physis?
5. What is the hollow chamber in diaphysis. marrow fills this cavity
medullary
cavity?
a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enclosing a bone
6. What is the
pe-
riosteum? wall of the diaphysis mainly composed of tightly packed tissue
7. what is
compact cancellous bone that largely composes the epiphysis
bone?
8. what is step one 1: cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of
spongy dense connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles
bone?
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from
9. Describe the membranes and some from tendons.
process of
ossifi- cation step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of
long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
1/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
stops.
2/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
10. What is the as spongy bone is deposited in the diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a ban
epi- physeal of cartilage will form
plate?
cells that break down bone
11. what are
osteo- clasts?
bone forming cells
12. what are
os-
teoblasts?
support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
13. what are the
functions of
the skeletal
skull, vertebral column, rib cage
system?
14. What is the
axial pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs
skeleton?
15. What is the
ap- pendicular 1. Hematoma formation- blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are
skele- ton? torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area
16. what are the will become irritated.
steps of
fracture 2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area
repair? and begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
17. by shape
3/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
how are bones 27. What is synovial fluid?
classified?
18. what are the
shapes of
bones?
19. example of
long bone
20. example of
short bones
are
21. examples of
flat bones
22. examples of
ir- regular
bones
23. What is
articular
cartilage?
24. What is a
joint
capsule?
25. what is a
liga- ment?
26. What is the
syn- ovial
membrane?
Study Guide
1.
2. what are epiphysis and diaphysis
the parts of
a long
bone?
end of a long bone that articulates (forms a joint) with another bone.
3. What is the
epi- physis?
shaft of a long bone
4. What is the
dia- physis?
5. What is the hollow chamber in diaphysis. marrow fills this cavity
medullary
cavity?
a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enclosing a bone
6. What is the
pe-
riosteum? wall of the diaphysis mainly composed of tightly packed tissue
7. what is
compact cancellous bone that largely composes the epiphysis
bone?
8. what is step one 1: cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of
spongy dense connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles
bone?
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from
9. Describe the membranes and some from tendons.
process of
ossifi- cation step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of
long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
1/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
stops.
2/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
10. What is the as spongy bone is deposited in the diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a ban
epi- physeal of cartilage will form
plate?
cells that break down bone
11. what are
osteo- clasts?
bone forming cells
12. what are
os-
teoblasts?
support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
13. what are the
functions of
the skeletal
skull, vertebral column, rib cage
system?
14. What is the
axial pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs
skeleton?
15. What is the
ap- pendicular 1. Hematoma formation- blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are
skele- ton? torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area
16. what are the will become irritated.
steps of
fracture 2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area
repair? and begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
17. by shape
3/
58
, APHY 101 Ivy Tech Final Exam Prep Anatomy & Physiology
Study Guide
how are bones 27. What is synovial fluid?
classified?
18. what are the
shapes of
bones?
19. example of
long bone
20. example of
short bones
are
21. examples of
flat bones
22. examples of
ir- regular
bones
23. What is
articular
cartilage?
24. What is a
joint
capsule?
25. what is a
liga- ment?
26. What is the
syn- ovial
membrane?
