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Biological Anthropology: Concepts and Connections

Agustin Fuentes
3rd Edition
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,Table of Contents
Part I: Foundations
1. Introduction to Biological Anthropology
o What Is Anthropology?
o The Subfields of Anthropology
o What Is Biological Anthropology?
o Connections Across Anthropology
2. Science, Evolution, and Creation: The Nature of Scientific Inquiry
o Science and Its Methods
o Theories, Hypotheses, and Evidence
o Misunderstandings About Evolution
o The Science of Evolution
3. The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
o Darwin’s Insights and Modern Genetics
o Mutation, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Natural Selection
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o Speciation and Evolutionary Patterns

Part II: Primates
4. The Nonhuman Primates
o Primate Characteristics
o Classification and Distribution
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o Primate Ecology and Adaptations
5. Primate Behavior and Ecology
o Social Structures and Mating Systems
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o Communication and Cooperation
o Primate Culture and Cognition
6. Primate Conservation
o Threats to Primate Populations
o Human–Primate Interactions
o Conservation Efforts and Ethics
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Part III: The Fossil Record
7. Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of Primates
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o Dating Techniques and Fossilization
o The Earliest Primates
o Miocene Apes and the Origins of Hominins
8. Early Hominins and Australopithecines
o Bipedalism and Its Evolutionary Significance
o Major Fossil Finds and Their Interpretations
o Dietary and Behavioral Adaptations
9. The Genus Homo
o Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Archaic Humans
o Tool Use and Cultural Evolution
o The Expansion of Homo
10. The Evolution of Modern Humans
o Anatomically Modern Humans
o Neanderthals and Denisovans

, o Models of Modern Human Origins
o The Spread of Homo sapiens

Part IV: Biology, Adaptation, and Variation
11. Human Biological Variation
o Genetic and Phenotypic Variation
o Race and the Myth of Biological Categories
o Adaptations to Environmental Stress
12. Health, Disease, and the Human Life Cycle
o Growth and Development
o Nutrition and Health
o Evolutionary Perspectives on Disease
13. Evolution and the Future of Humanity
o Human Evolutionary Trends
o Genetic Engineering and Ethics
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o The Future of Human Adaptation
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, Biological Anthropology: Concepts and Connections, 3e (Fuentes)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Evolutionary Fact and Theory

1) In 1925, the Scopes "Monkey Trial":
A) legally established evolution as a valid scientific theory.
B) legally established evolution as a "coexistent theory on the creation of humankind."
C) overturned the State of Tennessee's ban on teaching the theory of evolution in public schools.
D) upheld the State of Tennessee's ban on teaching the theory of evolution in public schools.

Answer: D
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2) Which of the following is NOT true about evolution?
A) It is accepted by virtually all scientists in every country of the world.
B) It inherently conflicts with the teachings of Christianity.
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C) It is at the heart of anthropology.
D) It is an extremely well supported theory.

Answer: B
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3) The main subfields of anthropology are:
A) archaeology, linguistic anthropology, cultural anthropology, and biological anthropology.
B) architectural anthropology, biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and cultural
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anthropology.
C) biological anthropology, evolutionary anthropology, cultural anthropology, and linguistic
anthropology.
D) cultural anthropology, biological anthropology, archaeology, and evolutionary anthropology.

Answer: A
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4) Biological anthropology is also called:
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A) evolutionary anthropology.
B) forensic anthropology.
C) physical anthropology.
D) primatology.

Answer: C
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