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SCIENTIFICAMERICANBIOLOGY b b
FORACHANGINGWORLDWITH
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PHYSIOLOGY 4TH EDITION
b b b
SHUSTER TEST BANK
b b b
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Name: Class: Date:
chapter 1 b
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
1. A scientific study evaluated the effect of tanning beds on DNA damage. The scientists took skin cells and exposed
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
them to UV radiation (the type used in indoor tanning beds) for different lengths of time: some for 1 minute, some for
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
5 minutes, some for 15 minutes, and some for 30 minutes. They then looked for signs of DNA damage and compared
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
the results to cells that had never been exposed to UV light.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
What is the control in this experiment?
b b b b b b
a. the number of skin cells b b b b
b. the type of light b b b
c. the length of time the cells are exposed to UV lightb b b b b b b b b b
d. the untreated cells b b
e. the amount of DNA damage in the cells b b b b b b b
2. A placebo is given to the:
b b b b b
a. dependent group. b
b. control group. b
c. independent group. b
d. experimental group. b
e. variable group. b
3. An experiment was performed using 1,000 nonsmoking males ages 18 to 22. Which experimental group
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
would most likely produce the most similar results?
b b b b b b b b
a. 800 nonsmoking females ages 30 to 45 b b b b b b
b. 800 smoking males ages 30 to 45 b b b b b b
c. 1,000 smoking females ages 25 to 40 b b b b b b
d. 1,000 nonsmoking males ages 30 to 55 b b b b b b
e. 800 nonsmoking males ages 20 to 25 b b b b b b
4. Two studies were carried out to determine if children in day care developed more ear infections than children who
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
stayed at home. The first study compared ear infection rates in 50 Canadian girls ages 1 to 2, half of whom attended
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
day care and half of whom stayed home. The second study compared ear infection rates in 1,000 Swedish boys ages 3
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
to 4, half of whom attended day care and half of whom stayed home. The results of these two studies differed greatly.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be the cause of such differences?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. different genders b
b. different mothers b
c. different ages b
d. different sample sizes b b
e. different countries b
5. What is the importance of peer review in the scientific process?
b b b b b b b b b b
a. It helps a scientist formulate a hypothesis.
b b b b b b
Page 1
b
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Distribution of this document is illegal b b b b b extra per year? b b
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Name: Class: Date:
chapter 1 b
b. It helps a scientist choose test subjects.
b b b b b b
c. It ensures that a study has been appropriately designed and correctly interpreted.
b b b b b b b b b b b
d. It helps the scientist collect data.
b b b b b
e. It is the first step in any scientific study.
b b b b b b b b
6. A study was conducted to determine if the growth rate of babies differs between babies who are bottle-fed and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
babies who are breast-fed. In this experiment, growth rate is referred to as the:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. controlled variable. b
b. experimental variable. b
c. dependent variable. b
d. independent variable. b
e. placebo variable. b
7. You have the following known facts: Smoking causes accumulation of materials in the lungs, thereby
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
decreasing the oxygen-absorbing capability of the lungs. Long-term smoking causes more accumulation of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
materials in the lungs. Decreased lung capacity increases the workload of the heart. Which hypothesis can you
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
formulate from these observations?
b b b b
a. People who never smoke will never develop lung problems. b b b b b b b b
b. Long-term smokers have poorer heart health than nonsmokers. b b b b b b b
c. New smokers have poorer heart health than long-term smokers.
b b b b b b b b
d. Stopping smoking eliminates lung problems within two years. b b b b b b b
e. Stopping smoking eliminates heart problems within two years. b b b b b b b
8. A significant result from a scientific study indicates:
b b b b b b b
a. a statistical error.
b b
b. it occurred by chance.
b b b
c. a positive result.
b b
d. a negative result.
b b
e. a nonrandom result.
b b
9. The study of the incidence of disease in a population that cannot be directly manipulated is called:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. an experiment. b
b. population biology. b
c. evolutionary biology. b
d. epidemiology.
e. systemic biology. b
10. In a well-designed experiment, the independent variable:
b b b b b b
a. does not depend on another factor or condition.
b b b b b b b
b. changes from subject to subject randomly. b b b b b
c. can never be manipulated by the researcher.
b b b b b b
Page 2
b
Downloaded by: Crate | b b b b Want to earn $1.236
b b b
Distribution of this document is illegal b b b b b extra per year?
b b
b b b b b b b b b b
SCIENTIFICAMERICANBIOLOGY b b
FORACHANGINGWORLDWITH
b b b b b
PHYSIOLOGY 4TH EDITION
b b b
SHUSTER TEST BANK
b b b
https://www.stuvia.com/
Downloaded by: Crate |
b b b b Want to earn $1.236
b b b
Distribution of this document is illegal
b b b b b extra per year?
b b
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material b b b b b b b b b b
Name: Class: Date:
chapter 1 b
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
1. A scientific study evaluated the effect of tanning beds on DNA damage. The scientists took skin cells and exposed
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
them to UV radiation (the type used in indoor tanning beds) for different lengths of time: some for 1 minute, some for
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
5 minutes, some for 15 minutes, and some for 30 minutes. They then looked for signs of DNA damage and compared
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
the results to cells that had never been exposed to UV light.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
What is the control in this experiment?
b b b b b b
a. the number of skin cells b b b b
b. the type of light b b b
c. the length of time the cells are exposed to UV lightb b b b b b b b b b
d. the untreated cells b b
e. the amount of DNA damage in the cells b b b b b b b
2. A placebo is given to the:
b b b b b
a. dependent group. b
b. control group. b
c. independent group. b
d. experimental group. b
e. variable group. b
3. An experiment was performed using 1,000 nonsmoking males ages 18 to 22. Which experimental group
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
would most likely produce the most similar results?
b b b b b b b b
a. 800 nonsmoking females ages 30 to 45 b b b b b b
b. 800 smoking males ages 30 to 45 b b b b b b
c. 1,000 smoking females ages 25 to 40 b b b b b b
d. 1,000 nonsmoking males ages 30 to 55 b b b b b b
e. 800 nonsmoking males ages 20 to 25 b b b b b b
4. Two studies were carried out to determine if children in day care developed more ear infections than children who
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
stayed at home. The first study compared ear infection rates in 50 Canadian girls ages 1 to 2, half of whom attended
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
day care and half of whom stayed home. The second study compared ear infection rates in 1,000 Swedish boys ages 3
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
to 4, half of whom attended day care and half of whom stayed home. The results of these two studies differed greatly.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be the cause of such differences?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. different genders b
b. different mothers b
c. different ages b
d. different sample sizes b b
e. different countries b
5. What is the importance of peer review in the scientific process?
b b b b b b b b b b
a. It helps a scientist formulate a hypothesis.
b b b b b b
Page 1
b
Downloaded by: Crate | b b b b Want to earn $1.236 b b b
Distribution of this document is illegal b b b b b extra per year? b b
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material b b b b b b b b b b
Name: Class: Date:
chapter 1 b
b. It helps a scientist choose test subjects.
b b b b b b
c. It ensures that a study has been appropriately designed and correctly interpreted.
b b b b b b b b b b b
d. It helps the scientist collect data.
b b b b b
e. It is the first step in any scientific study.
b b b b b b b b
6. A study was conducted to determine if the growth rate of babies differs between babies who are bottle-fed and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
babies who are breast-fed. In this experiment, growth rate is referred to as the:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. controlled variable. b
b. experimental variable. b
c. dependent variable. b
d. independent variable. b
e. placebo variable. b
7. You have the following known facts: Smoking causes accumulation of materials in the lungs, thereby
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
decreasing the oxygen-absorbing capability of the lungs. Long-term smoking causes more accumulation of
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
materials in the lungs. Decreased lung capacity increases the workload of the heart. Which hypothesis can you
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
formulate from these observations?
b b b b
a. People who never smoke will never develop lung problems. b b b b b b b b
b. Long-term smokers have poorer heart health than nonsmokers. b b b b b b b
c. New smokers have poorer heart health than long-term smokers.
b b b b b b b b
d. Stopping smoking eliminates lung problems within two years. b b b b b b b
e. Stopping smoking eliminates heart problems within two years. b b b b b b b
8. A significant result from a scientific study indicates:
b b b b b b b
a. a statistical error.
b b
b. it occurred by chance.
b b b
c. a positive result.
b b
d. a negative result.
b b
e. a nonrandom result.
b b
9. The study of the incidence of disease in a population that cannot be directly manipulated is called:
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. an experiment. b
b. population biology. b
c. evolutionary biology. b
d. epidemiology.
e. systemic biology. b
10. In a well-designed experiment, the independent variable:
b b b b b b
a. does not depend on another factor or condition.
b b b b b b b
b. changes from subject to subject randomly. b b b b b
c. can never be manipulated by the researcher.
b b b b b b
Page 2
b
Downloaded by: Crate | b b b b Want to earn $1.236
b b b
Distribution of this document is illegal b b b b b extra per year?
b b
