PRITE Psychopharmacology Final Exam
Questions and Answers
The process of releasing neurotransmitter molecules from the vesicles is known as _____ and occurs as
a result of an influx of _____ - ✅✅Exocytosis; Ca2+
Depot binding is said to occur when drugs - ✅✅Bind to inactive sites
During the ____ period, no additional action potentials can be created - ✅✅Absolute refractory
Neural transmission is generally ____ within a single neuron and ____ between neurons. -
✅✅Electrical; chemical
The most common type of synapse in the brain is the ______ synapse - ✅✅Axodendritic
Neurons rely on ____ for protection, metabolic support and insulation - ✅✅Glial cells
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the pharmokinetics of a drug?
A) Route of Administration
B) Lipid solubility
C) Depot binding
D) Drug action - ✅✅Drug action
The sac-like structures in the presynaptic terminal are called ______ and are filled with _______ -
✅✅Synaptic vesicles; neurotransmitter molecules
In addition to environmental and sensory stimuli, psychoactive drugs can trigger long-lasting changes in
neuronal connectivity. Collectively, these changes are termed - ✅✅Synaptic plasticity
,Axonal transport of proteins occurs along a track formed by - ✅✅Microtubules
When activated, somatodendritic autoreceptors - ✅✅Reduce the rate of cell firing
If a substance is a neurotransmitter, stimulation of the presynaptic cell should have the same effect as -
✅✅Direct application of the proposed substance to the postsynaptic cell
In order for a substance to be considered a neurotransmitter it must meet several criteria. Which of the
following is NOT considered a criterion for neurotransmitter status?
A) A synthetic mechanism should be present in the presynaptic cell
B) Vesicles containing the substance should move down the axon with the action potentials when the
neuron is stimulated
C) Receptors for the proposed substance should be present on the postsynaptic cell
D) A means for inactivating the substance should be present - ✅✅Vesicles containing the substance
should move down the axon with the action potentials when the neuron is stimulated
The Na+/K+ pump helps to maintain the ______ by moving three Na+ ions in and two K+ ions out of the
cell - ✅✅Resting membrane potential
Activating a metabotropic receptor can result in all of the following except for
A) Opening of a G protein-gated ion channel
B) changes in the levels of a second messenger
C)Opening of an ion channel within the receptor
D) Changes in gene expression - ✅✅Changes in gene expression
Drug metabolism mostly occurs in the ____ and usually makes a drug more _____ soluble. - ✅✅Liver;
Water
The ____ is best described as a result of the selective permeability of the neuronal membrane and the
uneven distribution of ions inside and outside the cell. - ✅✅Resting membrane potential
, After drug administration has occurred, the amount of drug in the blood that is free to bind at specific
target sites is/are referred to as - ✅✅Bioavailability
In the dose-response curve, a decrease in potency is indicated by a shift - ✅✅To the right
_____ refer(s) to specific molecular changes that occur when a drug binds to a particular target site or
receptor, while ______ are the resulting widespread alterations in function. - ✅✅Drug action; drug
effects
Selective blockade of terminal autoreceptors for DA would lead to a(n) - ✅✅Increase in
neurotransmitter release
Prior to neurotransmitter release, vesicles are transported to specialized regions of the presynaptic
terminal called _____ zones, where they bind to the terminal in a process known as ___________. -
✅✅Priming, exocytosis.
Steroid hormones bind to ______ receptors, which act as ______ when activated, and regulate gene
expression - ✅✅Intracellular; Transcription factors
The absorption of a drug depends on all of the following except
A) Lipid solubility
B) Ionization
C) Body temperature
D) The concentration of the drug - ✅✅Body temperature
Drugs administered _____ are absorbed the most rapidly - ✅✅Intravenously
Most drugs and neurotransmitters act upon - ✅✅Membrane-bound receptors
Biotransformation of drugs can result in the formation of _____, which enter the circulation and cause
_______. - ✅✅Active metabolites; prolonged drug action
Questions and Answers
The process of releasing neurotransmitter molecules from the vesicles is known as _____ and occurs as
a result of an influx of _____ - ✅✅Exocytosis; Ca2+
Depot binding is said to occur when drugs - ✅✅Bind to inactive sites
During the ____ period, no additional action potentials can be created - ✅✅Absolute refractory
Neural transmission is generally ____ within a single neuron and ____ between neurons. -
✅✅Electrical; chemical
The most common type of synapse in the brain is the ______ synapse - ✅✅Axodendritic
Neurons rely on ____ for protection, metabolic support and insulation - ✅✅Glial cells
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the pharmokinetics of a drug?
A) Route of Administration
B) Lipid solubility
C) Depot binding
D) Drug action - ✅✅Drug action
The sac-like structures in the presynaptic terminal are called ______ and are filled with _______ -
✅✅Synaptic vesicles; neurotransmitter molecules
In addition to environmental and sensory stimuli, psychoactive drugs can trigger long-lasting changes in
neuronal connectivity. Collectively, these changes are termed - ✅✅Synaptic plasticity
,Axonal transport of proteins occurs along a track formed by - ✅✅Microtubules
When activated, somatodendritic autoreceptors - ✅✅Reduce the rate of cell firing
If a substance is a neurotransmitter, stimulation of the presynaptic cell should have the same effect as -
✅✅Direct application of the proposed substance to the postsynaptic cell
In order for a substance to be considered a neurotransmitter it must meet several criteria. Which of the
following is NOT considered a criterion for neurotransmitter status?
A) A synthetic mechanism should be present in the presynaptic cell
B) Vesicles containing the substance should move down the axon with the action potentials when the
neuron is stimulated
C) Receptors for the proposed substance should be present on the postsynaptic cell
D) A means for inactivating the substance should be present - ✅✅Vesicles containing the substance
should move down the axon with the action potentials when the neuron is stimulated
The Na+/K+ pump helps to maintain the ______ by moving three Na+ ions in and two K+ ions out of the
cell - ✅✅Resting membrane potential
Activating a metabotropic receptor can result in all of the following except for
A) Opening of a G protein-gated ion channel
B) changes in the levels of a second messenger
C)Opening of an ion channel within the receptor
D) Changes in gene expression - ✅✅Changes in gene expression
Drug metabolism mostly occurs in the ____ and usually makes a drug more _____ soluble. - ✅✅Liver;
Water
The ____ is best described as a result of the selective permeability of the neuronal membrane and the
uneven distribution of ions inside and outside the cell. - ✅✅Resting membrane potential
, After drug administration has occurred, the amount of drug in the blood that is free to bind at specific
target sites is/are referred to as - ✅✅Bioavailability
In the dose-response curve, a decrease in potency is indicated by a shift - ✅✅To the right
_____ refer(s) to specific molecular changes that occur when a drug binds to a particular target site or
receptor, while ______ are the resulting widespread alterations in function. - ✅✅Drug action; drug
effects
Selective blockade of terminal autoreceptors for DA would lead to a(n) - ✅✅Increase in
neurotransmitter release
Prior to neurotransmitter release, vesicles are transported to specialized regions of the presynaptic
terminal called _____ zones, where they bind to the terminal in a process known as ___________. -
✅✅Priming, exocytosis.
Steroid hormones bind to ______ receptors, which act as ______ when activated, and regulate gene
expression - ✅✅Intracellular; Transcription factors
The absorption of a drug depends on all of the following except
A) Lipid solubility
B) Ionization
C) Body temperature
D) The concentration of the drug - ✅✅Body temperature
Drugs administered _____ are absorbed the most rapidly - ✅✅Intravenously
Most drugs and neurotransmitters act upon - ✅✅Membrane-bound receptors
Biotransformation of drugs can result in the formation of _____, which enter the circulation and cause
_______. - ✅✅Active metabolites; prolonged drug action
