DHL INTERVIEW ATPL FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025/2026 ALL GRADED A+
✔✔what is VMC and VMCA, VMCG, VMCL? - ✔✔minimum control speed, in the air, on
the ground, in landing config - with the critical engine out
✔✔what is VNO - ✔✔max operational speed
✔✔what is Vx - ✔✔best angle of climb
to avoid obstacles
✔✔what is Vy - ✔✔best rate of climb
to get attitude quickly
✔✔what are the four main types of fog - ✔✔radiation - air is cooled by the heat
escaping due to no cloud, so air temp in lowered to due point.
Advection - warm air moves over clod ground
hill - warm air is cooled by being pushed up over a mountain
frontal - cause when a warm front is pushed over the cold air in front of it
✔✔how much runway do you have left when you see alternating whit and red centre
lights - ✔✔900m
✔✔how much runway do you have left when you see red centre lights - ✔✔300m
✔✔what is MEA? - ✔✔Minimum Enroute Altitude
Guarantees 1000ft clearance (2000 mountainous)
and radio signal reception along the route
✔✔what is MSA? - ✔✔Minimum Safe Altitude which provides1,000 feet clearance
above obstruction in that sector within 25 NM of the facility
✔✔what is the MMEL? - ✔✔master minimum equipment list
✔✔what does PUDSOD stand for - ✔✔Pitot blocked under read on descent
Static blocked over read on descent
✔✔what are the circling minima's for cat A,B,C,D? - ✔✔A Vis 1500 MDA 400
B Vis 1600 MDA 500
C Vis 2400 MDA 600
D Vis 2600 MDA 700
✔✔what is the difference between Evaporation and Advection Fog? - ✔✔Evaporation -
cold air over a warm moist surface
,Advection - warm air over a cold surface
✔✔what is screen height? - ✔✔the height and aircraft must reach for the takeoff part
Class A - 35 ft
Class B 50 ft
wet runway - 15ft
✔✔what is required for CAT 2 and 3 approaches? - ✔✔equipment needs to be certified,
crew need to be qualified
✔✔how many feet are you clear of obstacles fo net performance? - ✔✔35ft
✔✔what colour lines are a taxiway? - ✔✔yellow
green centre lights, blue edge lights
✔✔what is the difference between MSA and MEA - ✔✔MEA - 1000ft above any
obstacle within 5Nm of your route
MSA - 1000 ft above any obstacle within 25nm of the beacons or that section of the
chart
✔✔how makes the MMEL and who accepts it? - ✔✔Manufacture makes it, authority
accepts it
✔✔what does Yellow centre lights mean? - ✔✔rapid taxiway off the runway
✔✔what is the gross performance? - ✔✔the average performance a fleet of aircrafts
should achieve
Net is gross lowered for safety
✔✔what is MORA? - ✔✔Minimum Off Route Altitude - two types of MORA, Grid and
Route
Grid MORA - Defined by the Lat and Long lines on the chart.
-Government charts - provide 1000 feet of obstacle clearance in non-mountainous
terrain and 2000 feet of obstacle clearance in mountainous terrain.
-Jeppesen charts - provides terrain and man-made structure clearance of 1000 feet in
areas where the highest elevations are 5000 feet msl and below. provides terrain and
man-made structure clearance of 2000 feet in areas where the highest elevation is
above 5000 feet msl.
Route MORA - Defined by a distance of 10nm either side of an airway and a 10nm cap
on both ends.
Jeppessen Charts Only - Provides 1000 feet of obstacle clearance when operating at
5000 feet or lower msl . Provides 2000 feet of obstacle clearance when operating above
5000 feet msl
, ✔✔due to the coriolis effect what way does the wind circulate in the northern
hemisphere - ✔✔anticlockwise - towards the low pressure
✔✔what is the definition of CAVOK - ✔✔no clouds below 5000ft or MSA, No CB's to
towering CB's , Vis 9999, no significant weather
✔✔what is MOCA? - ✔✔Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude. Lowest published
altitude in effect between radio fixes meeting obstacle clearance requirements and
ensures navigation signal coverage within 22 nm of VOR.
✔✔what is a trend? - ✔✔the forecast for the next two hours
✔✔What does NOSIG mean on a METAR? - ✔✔No significant weather change in the
next 2 hours.
[no reference]
✔✔what is the clearance for MORA? - ✔✔1000ft normally
2000ft over mountainous
✔✔what is gradient wind? - ✔✔a wind that blows at a constant speed parallel to curved
isobars above the level of frictional influence
around a pressure system
✔✔what is the difference with wind between when you see and hear it - ✔✔see - true
hear magnetic
✔✔What is holding speed up to 14000 - ✔✔230 max
✔✔What is holding speed between 14-20000ft - ✔✔240 max
✔✔What is holding speed for 200000 -30000ft - ✔✔265 max
✔✔Why does the stall speed increase with altitude? - ✔✔Because as the Mach number
approaches, if you fly a higher angle of attack by flying slower the speed over the wing
increases causing Mcrit
✔✔how often is a standard 9 hour TAF (terminal Aerodrome Forecast) reissued? -
✔✔every 3 hours
✔✔where is the centre of pressure? - ✔✔the centre of the HIGH pressure
✔✔how long does a TEMPo last for - ✔✔no more than an hour, or half the period
ANSWERS 2025/2026 ALL GRADED A+
✔✔what is VMC and VMCA, VMCG, VMCL? - ✔✔minimum control speed, in the air, on
the ground, in landing config - with the critical engine out
✔✔what is VNO - ✔✔max operational speed
✔✔what is Vx - ✔✔best angle of climb
to avoid obstacles
✔✔what is Vy - ✔✔best rate of climb
to get attitude quickly
✔✔what are the four main types of fog - ✔✔radiation - air is cooled by the heat
escaping due to no cloud, so air temp in lowered to due point.
Advection - warm air moves over clod ground
hill - warm air is cooled by being pushed up over a mountain
frontal - cause when a warm front is pushed over the cold air in front of it
✔✔how much runway do you have left when you see alternating whit and red centre
lights - ✔✔900m
✔✔how much runway do you have left when you see red centre lights - ✔✔300m
✔✔what is MEA? - ✔✔Minimum Enroute Altitude
Guarantees 1000ft clearance (2000 mountainous)
and radio signal reception along the route
✔✔what is MSA? - ✔✔Minimum Safe Altitude which provides1,000 feet clearance
above obstruction in that sector within 25 NM of the facility
✔✔what is the MMEL? - ✔✔master minimum equipment list
✔✔what does PUDSOD stand for - ✔✔Pitot blocked under read on descent
Static blocked over read on descent
✔✔what are the circling minima's for cat A,B,C,D? - ✔✔A Vis 1500 MDA 400
B Vis 1600 MDA 500
C Vis 2400 MDA 600
D Vis 2600 MDA 700
✔✔what is the difference between Evaporation and Advection Fog? - ✔✔Evaporation -
cold air over a warm moist surface
,Advection - warm air over a cold surface
✔✔what is screen height? - ✔✔the height and aircraft must reach for the takeoff part
Class A - 35 ft
Class B 50 ft
wet runway - 15ft
✔✔what is required for CAT 2 and 3 approaches? - ✔✔equipment needs to be certified,
crew need to be qualified
✔✔how many feet are you clear of obstacles fo net performance? - ✔✔35ft
✔✔what colour lines are a taxiway? - ✔✔yellow
green centre lights, blue edge lights
✔✔what is the difference between MSA and MEA - ✔✔MEA - 1000ft above any
obstacle within 5Nm of your route
MSA - 1000 ft above any obstacle within 25nm of the beacons or that section of the
chart
✔✔how makes the MMEL and who accepts it? - ✔✔Manufacture makes it, authority
accepts it
✔✔what does Yellow centre lights mean? - ✔✔rapid taxiway off the runway
✔✔what is the gross performance? - ✔✔the average performance a fleet of aircrafts
should achieve
Net is gross lowered for safety
✔✔what is MORA? - ✔✔Minimum Off Route Altitude - two types of MORA, Grid and
Route
Grid MORA - Defined by the Lat and Long lines on the chart.
-Government charts - provide 1000 feet of obstacle clearance in non-mountainous
terrain and 2000 feet of obstacle clearance in mountainous terrain.
-Jeppesen charts - provides terrain and man-made structure clearance of 1000 feet in
areas where the highest elevations are 5000 feet msl and below. provides terrain and
man-made structure clearance of 2000 feet in areas where the highest elevation is
above 5000 feet msl.
Route MORA - Defined by a distance of 10nm either side of an airway and a 10nm cap
on both ends.
Jeppessen Charts Only - Provides 1000 feet of obstacle clearance when operating at
5000 feet or lower msl . Provides 2000 feet of obstacle clearance when operating above
5000 feet msl
, ✔✔due to the coriolis effect what way does the wind circulate in the northern
hemisphere - ✔✔anticlockwise - towards the low pressure
✔✔what is the definition of CAVOK - ✔✔no clouds below 5000ft or MSA, No CB's to
towering CB's , Vis 9999, no significant weather
✔✔what is MOCA? - ✔✔Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude. Lowest published
altitude in effect between radio fixes meeting obstacle clearance requirements and
ensures navigation signal coverage within 22 nm of VOR.
✔✔what is a trend? - ✔✔the forecast for the next two hours
✔✔What does NOSIG mean on a METAR? - ✔✔No significant weather change in the
next 2 hours.
[no reference]
✔✔what is the clearance for MORA? - ✔✔1000ft normally
2000ft over mountainous
✔✔what is gradient wind? - ✔✔a wind that blows at a constant speed parallel to curved
isobars above the level of frictional influence
around a pressure system
✔✔what is the difference with wind between when you see and hear it - ✔✔see - true
hear magnetic
✔✔What is holding speed up to 14000 - ✔✔230 max
✔✔What is holding speed between 14-20000ft - ✔✔240 max
✔✔What is holding speed for 200000 -30000ft - ✔✔265 max
✔✔Why does the stall speed increase with altitude? - ✔✔Because as the Mach number
approaches, if you fly a higher angle of attack by flying slower the speed over the wing
increases causing Mcrit
✔✔how often is a standard 9 hour TAF (terminal Aerodrome Forecast) reissued? -
✔✔every 3 hours
✔✔where is the centre of pressure? - ✔✔the centre of the HIGH pressure
✔✔how long does a TEMPo last for - ✔✔no more than an hour, or half the period
