Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology
Questions and Answers
Pathology - ✅✅A branch of medicine that deals with the structural and functional changes in tissues
and organs of the body that cause or are caused by disease.
Pathophysiology - ✅✅A specific branch of pathology that studies functional or physiologic changes in
the body that results from disease processes.
Anaerobic - ✅✅Metabolism and function without oxygen
Apoptosis - ✅✅Normal programmed cell death in tissues
Autopsy - ✅✅An examination of part or all of a body postmortem
Biopsy - ✅✅The removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination to determine a
Dx
Endogenous - ✅✅Originating from within the body
Exogenous - ✅✅Originating from outside the body
Gangrene - ✅✅Necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
Infection - ✅✅A disease caused by a microorganism
Homeostasis - ✅✅A relatively stable or constant environment in the body, including BP, temperature,
and pH, maintained by the carious control mechanisms.
, Hypoxia - ✅✅A decrease or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic - ✅✅Caused by Tx, procedure, or error
Idiopathic - ✅✅No known cause
Inflammation - ✅✅The response to tissue damage, indicted by redness, swelling, warmth, and pain
Ischemia - ✅✅Decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
Lysis - ✅✅Destruction of a cell
Lysosomal - ✅✅Pertaining to a cell containing digestive or lytic enzymes, including lysozyme
Microorganism - ✅✅Very small living organism, not visible to the naked eye, usually single-celled
Morphologic - ✅✅The physical size, form, structure, and shape of cells and organs
Probability - ✅✅The likelihood or chance of occurrence
Disease - ✅✅A deviation from the normal state of health or from a state of wellness. The WHO
includes physical, mental, and social well-being in its definition.
Why is a state of health difficult to define? - ✅✅Because of the genetic differences among individuals
as well as the many variations in life experiences and environmental influences create a variable base.
Seven Steps to Health - ✅✅1) Be a non-smoker and avoid second-hand smoke
2) Eat 5-10 servings of vegetables/fruit a day. Choose high-fiber, lower-fat foods. If you drink ETOH, limit
your intake to 1-2 drinks per day.
Questions and Answers
Pathology - ✅✅A branch of medicine that deals with the structural and functional changes in tissues
and organs of the body that cause or are caused by disease.
Pathophysiology - ✅✅A specific branch of pathology that studies functional or physiologic changes in
the body that results from disease processes.
Anaerobic - ✅✅Metabolism and function without oxygen
Apoptosis - ✅✅Normal programmed cell death in tissues
Autopsy - ✅✅An examination of part or all of a body postmortem
Biopsy - ✅✅The removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination to determine a
Dx
Endogenous - ✅✅Originating from within the body
Exogenous - ✅✅Originating from outside the body
Gangrene - ✅✅Necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
Infection - ✅✅A disease caused by a microorganism
Homeostasis - ✅✅A relatively stable or constant environment in the body, including BP, temperature,
and pH, maintained by the carious control mechanisms.
, Hypoxia - ✅✅A decrease or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic - ✅✅Caused by Tx, procedure, or error
Idiopathic - ✅✅No known cause
Inflammation - ✅✅The response to tissue damage, indicted by redness, swelling, warmth, and pain
Ischemia - ✅✅Decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
Lysis - ✅✅Destruction of a cell
Lysosomal - ✅✅Pertaining to a cell containing digestive or lytic enzymes, including lysozyme
Microorganism - ✅✅Very small living organism, not visible to the naked eye, usually single-celled
Morphologic - ✅✅The physical size, form, structure, and shape of cells and organs
Probability - ✅✅The likelihood or chance of occurrence
Disease - ✅✅A deviation from the normal state of health or from a state of wellness. The WHO
includes physical, mental, and social well-being in its definition.
Why is a state of health difficult to define? - ✅✅Because of the genetic differences among individuals
as well as the many variations in life experiences and environmental influences create a variable base.
Seven Steps to Health - ✅✅1) Be a non-smoker and avoid second-hand smoke
2) Eat 5-10 servings of vegetables/fruit a day. Choose high-fiber, lower-fat foods. If you drink ETOH, limit
your intake to 1-2 drinks per day.
