State Exam Nursing New Zealand questions with complete solutions

State Exam Nursing New Zealand
questions with complete solutions


What does Ambulatory mean? - answer-Day surgery (max stay 23 hours)
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What does inpatient surgical care mean? - answer-Admitted to hospital (min 24 hours)
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Surgery classifications? - answer-Elective
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Diagnostic
Acute

List 3 patient orientated goals post surgery? - answer-Return to normal physical
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function
V


Remain free from post op complications
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Achieve emotional and physical comfort
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What is included in a pre-op assessment? (5) - answer-Obtain history
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Physical assessment V


Determine patient understanding V V


Identify emotional state and coping skills
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Check consent, pre anaesthetic form complete, other pre anaesthetic orders
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What does atelectasis mean? - answer-Collapse or closure of lung resulting in reduced
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or absent gas exchange
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List 5 ways to safely care for post op patients? - answer-Fluid balance input and output
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Pain management
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Assessing wound V


Vital signs every five minutes
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Checking IV site V V




What is meningitis? - answer-A serious disease in which there is inflammation of the
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meninges
V




Signs and symptoms of meningitis? - answer-Intense headache
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Fever
Light sensitivity
V


Muscular rigidity V

,Main cause of meningitis? - answer-Bacterial: Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Viral: Enterovirus V




Signs of raised intercranial pressure? (4) - answer-Headache
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Nausea
Increased bp V


Confusion

What is the purpose of the nursing council? - answer-To protect the health and safety
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of members of the public by ensuring RNs are registered, fit to practise, and
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competent.
V




Signs of otitis? (Ear infection/inflammation) - answer-Ear pain
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Fever
Difficulty hearing V




What would you do if prescribed medication was not signed by the doctor? - answer-
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Do not give until a signature or verbal consent has been given with a witness
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Signs of a patient on methamphetamine? (5) - answer-Dilated pupils
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Agitation
Increased bp V V


Loss of appetiteV V


Paranoia

List 5 pieces of advice to give a patient following a total hip replacement? - answer-
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Place a pillow between legs when lying on side
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Avoid bending past 90 degrees
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Avoid crossing legs V V


Sit on chairs higher than knee height
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Take short frequent walks
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What is airway obstruction caused by? - answer-Tongue
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Laryngospasm
Retained secretions V


Insufficient anaesthetic reversal V V




Treatment for airway obstruction? - answer-Correct positioning
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o2 therapy
V


Suctioning
Close monitoring V


Viral signs V


Anti emeticsV




Manifestations of atelectasis? - answer-Insidious onset V V V V V


Early s&s: cough, sputum, low grade fever
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,Later s&s: respiratory distress, dyspnoea, tachycardia, pleural pain, cyanosis, anxiety
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What is a pulmonary embolism? - answer-Occurs from a deep vein thrombosis, clot
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forms, travels to lungs or brain, life threatening
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Diagnosis of a pulmonary embolism? - answer-Chest X-ray
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Ecg V


Abg V


Ultra sound V


Pulmonary angiography V




How to prevent a pulmonary embolism? - answer-Pre op weight loss
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Compression stockings V


Early animation V


Hydration
Meds

What causes a deep vein thrombosis? - answer-Occurs in leg veins due to inactivity,
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body positioning, and pressure
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Risk factors for DVTs? - answer-Elderly
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Poor nutrition
V


Surgery over three hours V V V


Limited mobility V


Long haul flights
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Diabetes

What is wound dehiscence? - answer-Disruption of previously joined wound edges due
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to an infection, too tight sutures, or injury to wound
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Risk factors for wound dehiscence? - answer-Elderly
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Poor nutrition
V


Diabetes
Abdominal surgery V


Immunosuppressant
Smoking

Signs of wound inflammation? - answer-Redness
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Warmth
Malaise ( general discomfort) V V V


Tachycardia
Febrile

What are treatments for pain? - answer-Positioning
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Analgesia

, List some side effects of opioid use? - answer-Decreased bp
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Decreased LOC V


Vomitting
Respiratory depression V


Constipation

What would you assume if someone's temperature was slightly lower post surgery? -
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answer-This could be normal due to lack of muscle movement to keep body warm
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What would you assume if someone's temperature was slightly higher post surgery? -
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answer-This could be normal due to inflammation being the 1st sign of healing
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What would a temp above 38 4-5 days post op signify? - answer-Infection/sepsis
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What is autologous blood collection? - answer-Providing blood for oneself
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What fresh blood components are given in blood transfusions? - answer-Red cells-
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used to treat anaemia, severe bleeding.
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Platelets- to stop bleeding, used in ICU or cancer treatment
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Fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate- used for replacing clotting factors and rarely
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other blood proteins. Used in ICU or liver disease patients
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Blood donations are always tested for? - answer-Infection
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Hep B & C V V V


HIV & AIDS
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Syphilis V


ABO group V


Rh type
V


Blood group antibodies
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What cell is carefully checked before a blood transfusion for incompatibility? - answer-
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Red blood cells
V V




What is a blood crossmatch? - answer-When a sample of the patients blood is used
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along with the donors blood for a transfusion
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List some risks for blood transfusions? - answer-Mild fever
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Skin rash V


Kidney failure V


Dyspnoea
Minor virus infection
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What type of burns are there? - answer-Thermal
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Electrical
Caustic chemical injury V V V


Radiation exposure V