CS6400 Exam 3
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1. Natural Join: The result of this is the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S that are equal on their common
attribute names. A special case of an equijoin.
2. Left Outer Join: A construct operator which results in the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S that are
equal on their common attribute names, in addition (loosely speaking) to tuples in R that have no matching tuples in
S.
3. Insert: A basic SQL operation in which new records are added to a table.
4. Delete: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are removed from a table.
5. Update: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are changed in a table.
6. Select *: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are chosen from a table.
7. Select Distinct: A basic SQL operation in which only unique existing records are chosen from a table.
8. Intersect: Set operator which includes all tuples that are in both R and S.
9. Union: Set operator which includes all tuples that are either in R or in S or in both R and S. Duplicates are removed.
10. Union All: set operator which includes all tuples that are either in R or in S or in both R and S. Duplicates are
not removed.
11. Count(*): SQL function which returns the number of rows that matches the specified criteria.
12. Group By: SQL operator which rolls up the result set by one or more columns.
13. Equijoin: A theta join using the equality operator
14. Difference / Minus: Set operator which includes all tuples that are in R but not in S
15. Theta Join: A construct operator which allows for arbitrary comparison relationships (such as >=)
16. Inner Join: Requires each row in the two joined tables to have matching column values.
17. Cartesian Product: A construct operator which results in the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S
18. Reflexive Inference Rule: If Y is a subset of X, then X -> Y. i.e. EG -> G
19. Augmentation Inference Rule: If X -> Y, then XZ -> YZ for any Z i.e. E->A, therefore EG->AG
20. Transitive Inference Rule: If X -> Y and Y -> Z, then X -> Z, i.e. B->E, E->A, therefore B->A
21. Decomposition Inference Rule: If X -> YZ then X -> Y and X -> Z
22. Composition Inference Rule: If X -> Y and A -> B then XA->YB
23. Union Inference Rule: If X -> Y and X-> Z then X -> YZ
24. Pseudo Transitivity Inference Rule: If X -> Y and YZ -> W then XZ -> W
25. 1NF: If and only if the domain of each attribute contains only atomic (indivisible) values, and the value of each
attribute contains only a single value from that domain. May have redundancy.
26. 2NF: The table is in 1NF and all the columns depend on the tables' primary key (transitively or not)
27. 3NF: The table is in 2NF and all of its columns not transitively dependent on the primary key
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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hv867s
1. Natural Join: The result of this is the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S that are equal on their common
attribute names. A special case of an equijoin.
2. Left Outer Join: A construct operator which results in the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S that are
equal on their common attribute names, in addition (loosely speaking) to tuples in R that have no matching tuples in
S.
3. Insert: A basic SQL operation in which new records are added to a table.
4. Delete: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are removed from a table.
5. Update: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are changed in a table.
6. Select *: A basic SQL operation in which existing records are chosen from a table.
7. Select Distinct: A basic SQL operation in which only unique existing records are chosen from a table.
8. Intersect: Set operator which includes all tuples that are in both R and S.
9. Union: Set operator which includes all tuples that are either in R or in S or in both R and S. Duplicates are removed.
10. Union All: set operator which includes all tuples that are either in R or in S or in both R and S. Duplicates are
not removed.
11. Count(*): SQL function which returns the number of rows that matches the specified criteria.
12. Group By: SQL operator which rolls up the result set by one or more columns.
13. Equijoin: A theta join using the equality operator
14. Difference / Minus: Set operator which includes all tuples that are in R but not in S
15. Theta Join: A construct operator which allows for arbitrary comparison relationships (such as >=)
16. Inner Join: Requires each row in the two joined tables to have matching column values.
17. Cartesian Product: A construct operator which results in the set of all combinations of tuples in R and S
18. Reflexive Inference Rule: If Y is a subset of X, then X -> Y. i.e. EG -> G
19. Augmentation Inference Rule: If X -> Y, then XZ -> YZ for any Z i.e. E->A, therefore EG->AG
20. Transitive Inference Rule: If X -> Y and Y -> Z, then X -> Z, i.e. B->E, E->A, therefore B->A
21. Decomposition Inference Rule: If X -> YZ then X -> Y and X -> Z
22. Composition Inference Rule: If X -> Y and A -> B then XA->YB
23. Union Inference Rule: If X -> Y and X-> Z then X -> YZ
24. Pseudo Transitivity Inference Rule: If X -> Y and YZ -> W then XZ -> W
25. 1NF: If and only if the domain of each attribute contains only atomic (indivisible) values, and the value of each
attribute contains only a single value from that domain. May have redundancy.
26. 2NF: The table is in 1NF and all the columns depend on the tables' primary key (transitively or not)
27. 3NF: The table is in 2NF and all of its columns not transitively dependent on the primary key
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