PSYU3399 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
What |is |Ethics? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ethics |is |the |branch |of |philosophy |that |explores |what |
ought |to |be |decent |and |appropriate |human |behaviour.
Facts |vs. |Values/Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Facts |- |Descriptive |or |explanatory
Values/Ethics |- |Normative, |prescriptive |and |evaluative
Three |Core |Theories |of |Normative |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Consequentialism
2. |Deontological |Ethics
3. |Virtue |Ethics
Consequentialism |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Utilitarianism |- |the |focus |is |on |the |consequence |of |
our |actions.
Main |concepts:
- |Utility |of |actions
- |Good |intention
- |Greatest |good |for |the |greatest |number
Critique:
- |Unintended |consequences |with |no |good |outcomes
Deontological |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Kant: |we |have |a |duty |to |behave |in |a |way |that |is |
aligned |with |our |rationality |and |that:
, - |leads |to |universilisable |ethics
- |is |based |on |humanist |principles |(dignity/integrity)
Main |concepts:
- |Categorical |imperatives
- |Duty
Critique:
- |Removes |the |personal |factor |(agency)
- |Ignores |emotions/feelings |(duty |supersedes |emotions)
- |There |could |be |conflicting |duties |(e.g. |the |duty |to |your |family |may |conflict |with |the |duty |to |
your |employer)
Virtue |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Aristotle: |Ethical |behaviour |results |from |developing |
good |character |through |the |development |of |virtues |(courage, |benevolence, |compassion, |
loyalty)
Critique:
- |What |virtues |should |we |be |developing? |Valued |virtues |differ |depending |on |the |context.
- |Virtuous |character |may |not |lead |to |good |actions.
- |In |particular |situations |virtues |could |be |conflicting.
Other |Ethical |Theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ethics |of |Care
- |Duty |of |Care
- |Developed |based |on |the |type |of |people |we |are
Non |anthropogenic |ethical |theories
- |Ethics |beyond |the |impact |on |humanity
ANSWERS
What |is |Ethics? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ethics |is |the |branch |of |philosophy |that |explores |what |
ought |to |be |decent |and |appropriate |human |behaviour.
Facts |vs. |Values/Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Facts |- |Descriptive |or |explanatory
Values/Ethics |- |Normative, |prescriptive |and |evaluative
Three |Core |Theories |of |Normative |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Consequentialism
2. |Deontological |Ethics
3. |Virtue |Ethics
Consequentialism |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Utilitarianism |- |the |focus |is |on |the |consequence |of |
our |actions.
Main |concepts:
- |Utility |of |actions
- |Good |intention
- |Greatest |good |for |the |greatest |number
Critique:
- |Unintended |consequences |with |no |good |outcomes
Deontological |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Kant: |we |have |a |duty |to |behave |in |a |way |that |is |
aligned |with |our |rationality |and |that:
, - |leads |to |universilisable |ethics
- |is |based |on |humanist |principles |(dignity/integrity)
Main |concepts:
- |Categorical |imperatives
- |Duty
Critique:
- |Removes |the |personal |factor |(agency)
- |Ignores |emotions/feelings |(duty |supersedes |emotions)
- |There |could |be |conflicting |duties |(e.g. |the |duty |to |your |family |may |conflict |with |the |duty |to |
your |employer)
Virtue |Ethics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Aristotle: |Ethical |behaviour |results |from |developing |
good |character |through |the |development |of |virtues |(courage, |benevolence, |compassion, |
loyalty)
Critique:
- |What |virtues |should |we |be |developing? |Valued |virtues |differ |depending |on |the |context.
- |Virtuous |character |may |not |lead |to |good |actions.
- |In |particular |situations |virtues |could |be |conflicting.
Other |Ethical |Theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ethics |of |Care
- |Duty |of |Care
- |Developed |based |on |the |type |of |people |we |are
Non |anthropogenic |ethical |theories
- |Ethics |beyond |the |impact |on |humanity
