Health Assessment (NUR 382): material for test 1
Principles of Setting Priorities - correct answer 1. Complete a health history
2. Determine whether any problems are related, and set priorities.
Steps to setting priorities - correct answer 1. Assign a high priority to first-level priority
problems such as airway, breathing, and circulation.
2. Next attend to second-level priority problems, which include mental status changes, acute
pain, infection risk, abnormal laboratory values, and elimination problems.
3. Address third-level priority problems such as lack of knowledge, mobility problems, and
family coping.
The ABC's - prioritizing - correct answer airway, breathing, circulation
First-level priority problems - correct answer First-level priority problems are those that are
emergent, life-threatening, and immediate, such as establishing an airway or supporting
breathing.
Second-level priority problems - correct answer Second-level priority problems are those that
are next in urgency—those requiring your prompt intervention to forestall further deterioration
(e.g., mental status change, acute pain, acute urinary elimination problems, untreated medical
problems, abnormal laboratory values, risks of infection, or risk to safety or security).
Third-level priority problems - correct answer Third-level priority problems are those that are
important to the patient's health but can be attended to after more urgent health problems are
addressed.
Interventions to treat these problems are long term, and the response to treatment is expected
to take more time. These problems may require a collaborative effort between the patient and
health care professionals.
subjective data - correct answer what the person SAYS about himself or herself during history
taking
objective data - correct answer what you OBSERVE through measurement, inspection,
palpation, percussion, and auscultation
interview process/contract - correct answer •Time and place of interview
•Introduction of yourself and a brief explanation of your role
•The purpose of the interview
•How long it will take
,-Expectation of participation for each person.
• Presence of any other people (e.g., family, other health professionals, students).
•Confidentiality and to what extent it may be limited
-any costs to the patient
successful interviews allow you to: - correct answer 1. Gather complete and accurate data
about the person's health state, including the description and chronology of any symptoms.
2. Establish trust so that the person feels accepted and thus free to share all relevant data.
3. Teach the person about his or her health state.
4. Build rapport for a continuing therapeutic relationship.
5. Discuss health promotion and disease prevention
process of communication - correct answer sending
receiving
internal factors
external factors
sending - correct answer verbal communication and nonverbal communication
tone of voice, body language, facial expressions, word choice, etc.
Receiving - correct answer Your words and gestures must be interpreted by the receiver.
The receiver uses his or her own interpretations of your words. These interpretations are based
on past experiences, culture, and self-concept. Physical and emotional states also play a role in
a person's interpretation. Your context and that of the receiver may not coincide, which can
cause frustration and conflict.
internal factors - correct answer Internal factors are those specific to you, the examiner. As you
cultivate communication skills, you need to focus on the four inner factors of:
liking others
empathy
the ability to listen
self-awareness.
, external factors - correct answer 1. ensure privacy
2. refuse interruptions
3. prepare the physical setting
open-ended questions - correct answer •Use for narrative information
•Elicits feelings, opinions, ideas
•Use to begin the interview and to introduce a new section of questions
closed-ended questions - correct answer •Use for specific information
•Calls for short one to two word answers
-Elicits cold facts
ten traps of interviewing - correct answer •1. Providing False Assurance or Reassurance
•2. Giving Unwanted Advice
•3. Using Authority
•4. Using Avoidance Language
5. Engaging in Distancing
•6. Using Professional Jargon
•7. Using Leading or Biased Questions
•8. Talking Too Much
•9. Interrupting
10. Using "Why" Questions
special considerations - correct answer •Hearing-Impaired People
•Language Barriers
•Acutely Ill People
•People Under the Influence of Street Drugs or Alcohol
•Personal Questions
•Sexually Aggressive People
•Crying
•Anger
Principles of Setting Priorities - correct answer 1. Complete a health history
2. Determine whether any problems are related, and set priorities.
Steps to setting priorities - correct answer 1. Assign a high priority to first-level priority
problems such as airway, breathing, and circulation.
2. Next attend to second-level priority problems, which include mental status changes, acute
pain, infection risk, abnormal laboratory values, and elimination problems.
3. Address third-level priority problems such as lack of knowledge, mobility problems, and
family coping.
The ABC's - prioritizing - correct answer airway, breathing, circulation
First-level priority problems - correct answer First-level priority problems are those that are
emergent, life-threatening, and immediate, such as establishing an airway or supporting
breathing.
Second-level priority problems - correct answer Second-level priority problems are those that
are next in urgency—those requiring your prompt intervention to forestall further deterioration
(e.g., mental status change, acute pain, acute urinary elimination problems, untreated medical
problems, abnormal laboratory values, risks of infection, or risk to safety or security).
Third-level priority problems - correct answer Third-level priority problems are those that are
important to the patient's health but can be attended to after more urgent health problems are
addressed.
Interventions to treat these problems are long term, and the response to treatment is expected
to take more time. These problems may require a collaborative effort between the patient and
health care professionals.
subjective data - correct answer what the person SAYS about himself or herself during history
taking
objective data - correct answer what you OBSERVE through measurement, inspection,
palpation, percussion, and auscultation
interview process/contract - correct answer •Time and place of interview
•Introduction of yourself and a brief explanation of your role
•The purpose of the interview
•How long it will take
,-Expectation of participation for each person.
• Presence of any other people (e.g., family, other health professionals, students).
•Confidentiality and to what extent it may be limited
-any costs to the patient
successful interviews allow you to: - correct answer 1. Gather complete and accurate data
about the person's health state, including the description and chronology of any symptoms.
2. Establish trust so that the person feels accepted and thus free to share all relevant data.
3. Teach the person about his or her health state.
4. Build rapport for a continuing therapeutic relationship.
5. Discuss health promotion and disease prevention
process of communication - correct answer sending
receiving
internal factors
external factors
sending - correct answer verbal communication and nonverbal communication
tone of voice, body language, facial expressions, word choice, etc.
Receiving - correct answer Your words and gestures must be interpreted by the receiver.
The receiver uses his or her own interpretations of your words. These interpretations are based
on past experiences, culture, and self-concept. Physical and emotional states also play a role in
a person's interpretation. Your context and that of the receiver may not coincide, which can
cause frustration and conflict.
internal factors - correct answer Internal factors are those specific to you, the examiner. As you
cultivate communication skills, you need to focus on the four inner factors of:
liking others
empathy
the ability to listen
self-awareness.
, external factors - correct answer 1. ensure privacy
2. refuse interruptions
3. prepare the physical setting
open-ended questions - correct answer •Use for narrative information
•Elicits feelings, opinions, ideas
•Use to begin the interview and to introduce a new section of questions
closed-ended questions - correct answer •Use for specific information
•Calls for short one to two word answers
-Elicits cold facts
ten traps of interviewing - correct answer •1. Providing False Assurance or Reassurance
•2. Giving Unwanted Advice
•3. Using Authority
•4. Using Avoidance Language
5. Engaging in Distancing
•6. Using Professional Jargon
•7. Using Leading or Biased Questions
•8. Talking Too Much
•9. Interrupting
10. Using "Why" Questions
special considerations - correct answer •Hearing-Impaired People
•Language Barriers
•Acutely Ill People
•People Under the Influence of Street Drugs or Alcohol
•Personal Questions
•Sexually Aggressive People
•Crying
•Anger
