Pharmacology Final Exam REVIEW!!!! Questions and Answers
Nicotinic acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient that which
adverse effects may occur with this medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - ansPruritus, cutaneous flushing
1. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the
nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - ansB. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
1. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statement by the nurse is correct?
Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs."
f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - ans"You should try to have your blood
pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit."f. "please
continue the medication, even if you are feeling better"
,1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode.
C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic wrap. - ansC. The old
ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema and is given which type
of drug to reduce intracranial pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - ansB. Osmotic diuretics
10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent
dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - ansB. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors other adverse effects are:
fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, and headaches. Dry non productive cough which is reversible when stopping
ACE therapy. has a first dose hypotension effect
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone recognizes that this drug should have
a positive inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - ansC. force of cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP)
,positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic
effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension and angina,
hypokalemia, tremor.
10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when a patient is taking which class of
antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - ansB. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the nurse knows to monitor for which
adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
D. Dry cough - ansC. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other adverse effects: negative
chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and negative dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased
airway resistence (asthma and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin release.
11. A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very independent
and wants to continue to live at home, despite his diagnosis of mild heart failure. The nurse will know that
which teaching point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and take potassium supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and
resulting injury from falls. - ansD. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible
orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been ordered. Based on this order, the
, nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - ansB. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
11. When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-food interactions, the
nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - ansB. Grapefruit juice
11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - ansD. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-adrenergic receptor stimulators (agonist); has
high incidence of adverse effects: orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, and dizziness. (clondine) is another drug but
not used in pregnancy
12. A patient diagnosed with prehypertension has a blood pressure reading of _____ mm Hg systolic _____ mm
Hg diatolic.
A. less than 120; and less than 80
B. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
C. 140 and 159; or 90 and 99
D. 160 and 179; or 100 and 109 - ansB. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
Nicotinic acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient that which
adverse effects may occur with this medication?
A. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
B. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
C. Myalgia, fatigue
D. Blurred vision, headaches - ansPruritus, cutaneous flushing
1. When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the
nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Elevated blood glucose
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Drowsiness - ansB. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in diabetics
1. When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statement by the nurse is correct?
Select all that apply.
A. "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings."
B. "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking the drug."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit."
E. "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs."
f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - ans"You should try to have your blood
pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings."
C. "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first."
D. "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next office visit."f. "please
continue the medication, even if you are feeling better"
,1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which technique?
A. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
B. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode.
C. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
D. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic wrap. - ansC. The old
ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
10. A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema and is given which type
of drug to reduce intracranial pressure?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Osmotic diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Vasodilators - ansB. Osmotic diuretics
10. A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent
dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
C. Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)
D. Calcium channel blockers - ansB. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors other adverse effects are:
fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, and headaches. Dry non productive cough which is reversible when stopping
ACE therapy. has a first dose hypotension effect
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone recognizes that this drug should have
a positive inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - ansC. force of cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP)
,positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic
effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension and angina,
hypokalemia, tremor.
10. The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when a patient is taking which class of
antilipemic drugs?
A. Bile acid sequestrants
B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
C. Fibric acid derivatives
D. Niacin - ansB. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the nurse knows to monitor for which
adverse effect?
A. Nervousness
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
D. Dry cough - ansC. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2 receptors) other adverse effects: negative
chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and negative dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased
airway resistence (asthma and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin release.
11. A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very independent
and wants to continue to live at home, despite his diagnosis of mild heart failure. The nurse will know that
which teaching point is important for this patient?
A. He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
B. He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
C. If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and take potassium supplements instead.
D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and
resulting injury from falls. - ansD. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible
orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been ordered. Based on this order, the
, nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
C. Systolic heart failure
D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - ansB. Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
11. When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-food interactions, the
nurse should discuss which food?
A. Oatmeal
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Licorice
D. Dairy products - ansB. Grapefruit juice
11. Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension?
A. mannitol (Osmitrol)
B. enalapril (Vasotec)
C. hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D. methyldopa (Aldomet) - ansD. methyldopa (Aldomet); alpha 2-adrenergic receptor stimulators (agonist); has
high incidence of adverse effects: orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, and dizziness. (clondine) is another drug but
not used in pregnancy
12. A patient diagnosed with prehypertension has a blood pressure reading of _____ mm Hg systolic _____ mm
Hg diatolic.
A. less than 120; and less than 80
B. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
C. 140 and 159; or 90 and 99
D. 160 and 179; or 100 and 109 - ansB. 120 and 139; or 80 and 89
