Food Science: Science Exam with
Accurate Answers
Egg white - ✔✔leaven & drying agent
Yolk - ✔✔Emulsify
salt - ✔✔tightens gluten
Fat - ✔✔tenderizes & increases volume
Avoid high costs of organic foods by buying - ✔✔in season and comparatively
Organic meat - ✔✔4 mo of pasture graizing
all organic feed
Chickens must always have access to direct sunlight
NOP- marketing
OFPA- regulation - ✔✔
Natural meat - ✔✔minimally processed
Animals can still be given antibiotics or growth
enhancers and meat can be injected with salt, water,
and other ingredients
,Grass-fed - ✔✔Grass fed beef has been shown to have more of the
healthy omega-3 fatty acids
However, if meat is labeled as grass fed but
not certified organic, the animal may have been raised
on pasture that was exposed to or treated with
synthetic pesticides or fertilizers
poultry, veal calves, and pigs cannot
be given hormones - ✔✔
GMO - ✔✔These plants are modified to increase resistance to
herbicides, improve nutritional content, increase
resistance to disease, and reduce need for pesticides
Over 93% of the GM crops harvested in the US
are soybeans, cotton and sugar beets
The Environmental Protection Agency
evaluates GM plants for environmental safety,
the USDA evaluates whether the plant is safe
to grow, and the FDA evaluates whether the
plant is safe to eat
8
Organic - ✔✔9
Nutraceuticals - ✔✔A bioactive compound that has health benefits, typically in the form of
dietary supplements
Not regulated by FDA
, Same bioavailability as food nutrients
Functional food - ✔✔Foods selected, produced or consumed beyond basic calorie or nutrient
content
No regulation
Rising health costs/Self-medication
Increasing age & Obesity epidemic & lifestyle diseases
AND - ✔✔functional foods- whole, fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that have a
potentially beneficial effect on health when consumed as part of a varied diet on a regular basis
at effective levels based on significant standards of evidence.
The Academy supports FDA- approved health claims on food labels when based on rigorous
scientific substantiation.
Categories:
Conventional Foods (whole foods)
Modified Foods
Medical Foods
Foods for special dietary use
Conventional Foods - ✔✔Unmodified whole foods
Simplest form of a functional food
ex: raspberries, garlic, broccoli, kale, salmon, tomatoes, cranberries, nuts
Contain bioactive substances such as lycopene, lutein, etc.
Cruciferous vegetables- Multiple cancer risk reduction
Tomato products- reduce the risk of prostate, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancers
Citrus stomach- cancers
Dark chocolate (at least 70%)- May reduce high BP
Tree nuts/peanuts- sudden cardiac death
Accurate Answers
Egg white - ✔✔leaven & drying agent
Yolk - ✔✔Emulsify
salt - ✔✔tightens gluten
Fat - ✔✔tenderizes & increases volume
Avoid high costs of organic foods by buying - ✔✔in season and comparatively
Organic meat - ✔✔4 mo of pasture graizing
all organic feed
Chickens must always have access to direct sunlight
NOP- marketing
OFPA- regulation - ✔✔
Natural meat - ✔✔minimally processed
Animals can still be given antibiotics or growth
enhancers and meat can be injected with salt, water,
and other ingredients
,Grass-fed - ✔✔Grass fed beef has been shown to have more of the
healthy omega-3 fatty acids
However, if meat is labeled as grass fed but
not certified organic, the animal may have been raised
on pasture that was exposed to or treated with
synthetic pesticides or fertilizers
poultry, veal calves, and pigs cannot
be given hormones - ✔✔
GMO - ✔✔These plants are modified to increase resistance to
herbicides, improve nutritional content, increase
resistance to disease, and reduce need for pesticides
Over 93% of the GM crops harvested in the US
are soybeans, cotton and sugar beets
The Environmental Protection Agency
evaluates GM plants for environmental safety,
the USDA evaluates whether the plant is safe
to grow, and the FDA evaluates whether the
plant is safe to eat
8
Organic - ✔✔9
Nutraceuticals - ✔✔A bioactive compound that has health benefits, typically in the form of
dietary supplements
Not regulated by FDA
, Same bioavailability as food nutrients
Functional food - ✔✔Foods selected, produced or consumed beyond basic calorie or nutrient
content
No regulation
Rising health costs/Self-medication
Increasing age & Obesity epidemic & lifestyle diseases
AND - ✔✔functional foods- whole, fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that have a
potentially beneficial effect on health when consumed as part of a varied diet on a regular basis
at effective levels based on significant standards of evidence.
The Academy supports FDA- approved health claims on food labels when based on rigorous
scientific substantiation.
Categories:
Conventional Foods (whole foods)
Modified Foods
Medical Foods
Foods for special dietary use
Conventional Foods - ✔✔Unmodified whole foods
Simplest form of a functional food
ex: raspberries, garlic, broccoli, kale, salmon, tomatoes, cranberries, nuts
Contain bioactive substances such as lycopene, lutein, etc.
Cruciferous vegetables- Multiple cancer risk reduction
Tomato products- reduce the risk of prostate, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancers
Citrus stomach- cancers
Dark chocolate (at least 70%)- May reduce high BP
Tree nuts/peanuts- sudden cardiac death
