HSC 4502 UNIT 2 EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is named because it has _____. -
ANS three cusps
A small patch of tissue called the _____ acts as the pacemaker of the heart. - ANS sinoatrial
node
_____ samples the blood in each heart chamber for oxygen content and pressure. -
ANS cardiac catheterization
The simplest form of atherosclerosis is _____, which are thin, flat discolorations in the arteries
that can enlarge and become thicker as they grow in length. - ANS fatty streaks
A fibrous _____ is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and formation of scar tissue, that
begins as a white gray thickening of the inner lining of the artery. - ANS atheromatous plaque
In _____ hypertension, the elevation in blood pressure results from some other disease. -
ANS secondary
Compression sclerotherapy is a treatment used for _____. - ANS varicose veins
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,The most common cause of CVI is _____. - ANS thrombosis
A stent is a cylindrical wire mesh that surrounds an _____. - ANS angioplasty balloon
_____ is the most common heart rhythm disorder. - ANS atrial fibrillation
The internal lining of the heart consists of a smooth, delicate membrane called the exocardium.
- ANS False
The mitral valve lies between the right atrium and left atrium. - ANS False
Arterioles lead into capillaries, the connecting link between arteries and veins. - ANS True
Arterioles can change their diameter by constricting or dilating, which alters blood flow to the
tissues. - ANS True
Fat in the human body takes the form of triglycerides. - ANS True
Claudication, a clot within a blood vessel, forms because of ulceration and turbulent blood flow.
- ANS False
_____ heart failure is a chronic and progressive reduction in the ability of the heart to pump
blood. - ANS congestive
Valvular insufficiency or _____ refers to a valve that allows backward flow of blood within the
heart. - ANS regurgitation
_____ refers to a narrowing of the valves opening. - ANS stenosis
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, _____ is an infection of the endocardium and heart valves. - ANS endocarditis
Generally, the higher the level of _____, the lower the risk of coronary artery disease. -
ANS HDL
In _____, artery walls thicken and become hard and inflexible. - ANS ateriosclerosis
Blockage of the _____ can reduce blood supply to the brain, causing a stroke. - ANS carotid
Hypertension is broadly defined as an arterial pressure greater than _____ on at least three
consecutive measures. - ANS 140/90
_____ cardiomyopathy is the most common form of all cardiomyopathies. - ANS dilated
_____ is a life-threatening emergency, a form of cardiac arrest. - ANS ventricular fibrillation
Acute forms of endocarditis involve the formation of nodules, or _____. - ANS vegetations
Infants born with Down syndrome and Turner syndrome have an increased risk for congenital
heart disease. - ANS True
Fetal circulation is anatomically different than postnatal circulation. - ANS True
Heart block occurs when the atria and ventricles contract independent of each other. -
ANS True
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is named because it has _____. -
ANS three cusps
A small patch of tissue called the _____ acts as the pacemaker of the heart. - ANS sinoatrial
node
_____ samples the blood in each heart chamber for oxygen content and pressure. -
ANS cardiac catheterization
The simplest form of atherosclerosis is _____, which are thin, flat discolorations in the arteries
that can enlarge and become thicker as they grow in length. - ANS fatty streaks
A fibrous _____ is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and formation of scar tissue, that
begins as a white gray thickening of the inner lining of the artery. - ANS atheromatous plaque
In _____ hypertension, the elevation in blood pressure results from some other disease. -
ANS secondary
Compression sclerotherapy is a treatment used for _____. - ANS varicose veins
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,The most common cause of CVI is _____. - ANS thrombosis
A stent is a cylindrical wire mesh that surrounds an _____. - ANS angioplasty balloon
_____ is the most common heart rhythm disorder. - ANS atrial fibrillation
The internal lining of the heart consists of a smooth, delicate membrane called the exocardium.
- ANS False
The mitral valve lies between the right atrium and left atrium. - ANS False
Arterioles lead into capillaries, the connecting link between arteries and veins. - ANS True
Arterioles can change their diameter by constricting or dilating, which alters blood flow to the
tissues. - ANS True
Fat in the human body takes the form of triglycerides. - ANS True
Claudication, a clot within a blood vessel, forms because of ulceration and turbulent blood flow.
- ANS False
_____ heart failure is a chronic and progressive reduction in the ability of the heart to pump
blood. - ANS congestive
Valvular insufficiency or _____ refers to a valve that allows backward flow of blood within the
heart. - ANS regurgitation
_____ refers to a narrowing of the valves opening. - ANS stenosis
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, _____ is an infection of the endocardium and heart valves. - ANS endocarditis
Generally, the higher the level of _____, the lower the risk of coronary artery disease. -
ANS HDL
In _____, artery walls thicken and become hard and inflexible. - ANS ateriosclerosis
Blockage of the _____ can reduce blood supply to the brain, causing a stroke. - ANS carotid
Hypertension is broadly defined as an arterial pressure greater than _____ on at least three
consecutive measures. - ANS 140/90
_____ cardiomyopathy is the most common form of all cardiomyopathies. - ANS dilated
_____ is a life-threatening emergency, a form of cardiac arrest. - ANS ventricular fibrillation
Acute forms of endocarditis involve the formation of nodules, or _____. - ANS vegetations
Infants born with Down syndrome and Turner syndrome have an increased risk for congenital
heart disease. - ANS True
Fetal circulation is anatomically different than postnatal circulation. - ANS True
Heart block occurs when the atria and ventricles contract independent of each other. -
ANS True
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
