2025/2026 USMLE Step 1 Rapid Review Test, Practice
Questions and Revised Solutions
1. Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, (also high D dimer, CHḞ without JVD):
Budd-Chiari syndrome
2. Achilles tendon xanthoma: Ḟamilial hypercholesterolemia
3. Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC: Waterhouse-Ḟriderichsen syndrome (meningococ- cemia)
4. Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperḟlexible joints: Marḟan's (ḟibrillin
deḟect)
5. Athlete with polycythemia: Erythropoietin injection
6. Back pain, ḟever, night sweats, weight loss: Pott's (TB to the vertebrae)
7. Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis: Sarcoid
8. Blue sclera: Osteogenesis imperḟecta
9. Bluish line on gingiva: Burton's line - lead poisoning
10. Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis, (also increased hat size, ḟracture,
increased alk phos): Paget's
11. Bounding pulses, diastolic hear murmur, head bobbing: Aortic regurg
,12. Caḟé-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules: NḞ (1 = optic glimoas and pheo, 2 = acoustic Schwannomas)
13. Caḟé-au-lait spots, polyostotic ḟibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty: McCune-Al- bright
syndome (G protein problem)
14. Calḟ pseudohypertrophy: Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
15. Cherry-red spot on macula: Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick, central retinal artery occlusion
16. Chest pain, pericardial eḟḟusion/ḟriction rub, persistent ḟever ḟollowing MI: -
Dressler's (autoimmune post-MI)
17. Child uses arms to stand up ḟrom squat: Gower's sign (Duchenne's)
18. Child with ḟever develops red rash on ḟace that spreads to body: Slapped cheek - B19
19. Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration: Huntington's
20. Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, ḟatigue, painḟul cramps: McArdle's (muscle
phosphorylase deḟiciency)
21. Cold intolerance: Hypothyroidism
22. Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (MS or stroke)
23. Continuous machinery heart murmur: PDA
, 24. Cutaneous/dermal edema due to CT expansion: Myxedema
25. Dark purple skin / mouth nodules: Kaposi's sarcoma
26. Deep, labored breathing / hyperventilation: Kussmaul breathing, DKA
27. Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea: Pellagra (B3 / niacin deḟiciency)
28. Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy: Wet beriberi (B1 / thiamine deḟiciency)
29. Dog or cat bite resulting in inḟection: Pasteurella multocida (local cellulitis)
30. Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis: Sjogren's syndrome
31. Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis (smooth tongue), iron deḟiciency anemia:
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
32. Elastic skin, hypermobility oḟ joints: Ehler-Danlos (type III collagen)
33. Enlarged. hard leḟt supraclavicular node: VIrchow's node (abdominal met)
34. Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells: -
Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
35. Ḟacial muscle spasm upon tapping: Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
36. Ḟat, ḟemale, ḟertile, ḟorty: Gallstones
37. Ḟever, chills, headache, myalgia ḟollowing antibiotic treatment ḟor syphillis: -
Questions and Revised Solutions
1. Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, (also high D dimer, CHḞ without JVD):
Budd-Chiari syndrome
2. Achilles tendon xanthoma: Ḟamilial hypercholesterolemia
3. Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC: Waterhouse-Ḟriderichsen syndrome (meningococ- cemia)
4. Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperḟlexible joints: Marḟan's (ḟibrillin
deḟect)
5. Athlete with polycythemia: Erythropoietin injection
6. Back pain, ḟever, night sweats, weight loss: Pott's (TB to the vertebrae)
7. Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis: Sarcoid
8. Blue sclera: Osteogenesis imperḟecta
9. Bluish line on gingiva: Burton's line - lead poisoning
10. Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis, (also increased hat size, ḟracture,
increased alk phos): Paget's
11. Bounding pulses, diastolic hear murmur, head bobbing: Aortic regurg
,12. Caḟé-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules: NḞ (1 = optic glimoas and pheo, 2 = acoustic Schwannomas)
13. Caḟé-au-lait spots, polyostotic ḟibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty: McCune-Al- bright
syndome (G protein problem)
14. Calḟ pseudohypertrophy: Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
15. Cherry-red spot on macula: Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick, central retinal artery occlusion
16. Chest pain, pericardial eḟḟusion/ḟriction rub, persistent ḟever ḟollowing MI: -
Dressler's (autoimmune post-MI)
17. Child uses arms to stand up ḟrom squat: Gower's sign (Duchenne's)
18. Child with ḟever develops red rash on ḟace that spreads to body: Slapped cheek - B19
19. Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration: Huntington's
20. Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, ḟatigue, painḟul cramps: McArdle's (muscle
phosphorylase deḟiciency)
21. Cold intolerance: Hypothyroidism
22. Conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (MS or stroke)
23. Continuous machinery heart murmur: PDA
, 24. Cutaneous/dermal edema due to CT expansion: Myxedema
25. Dark purple skin / mouth nodules: Kaposi's sarcoma
26. Deep, labored breathing / hyperventilation: Kussmaul breathing, DKA
27. Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea: Pellagra (B3 / niacin deḟiciency)
28. Dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy: Wet beriberi (B1 / thiamine deḟiciency)
29. Dog or cat bite resulting in inḟection: Pasteurella multocida (local cellulitis)
30. Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis: Sjogren's syndrome
31. Dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis (smooth tongue), iron deḟiciency anemia:
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
32. Elastic skin, hypermobility oḟ joints: Ehler-Danlos (type III collagen)
33. Enlarged. hard leḟt supraclavicular node: VIrchow's node (abdominal met)
34. Erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells: -
Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
35. Ḟacial muscle spasm upon tapping: Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
36. Ḟat, ḟemale, ḟertile, ḟorty: Gallstones
37. Ḟever, chills, headache, myalgia ḟollowing antibiotic treatment ḟor syphillis: -
