NSG 300: TOPIC 8 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
right side of the heart has - -deoxygenated stroke volume - -Amount of blood ejected
blood from the left ventricle with each contraction
left side of the heart has - -oxygenated Cardiac output equation - -CO = HR(heart
blood rate) x S(stroke volume)
What are early signs of hypoxia? - - the circulating blood volume changes according
Restlessness, headache, fatigue, SOB. to the.... - -oxygen and metabolic needs of
the body
the ventricles ____ with blood during diastole -
-fill preload - -The amount of blood in the left
ventricle at the end of diastole, often referred to
as end-diastolic volume.
the ventricles ______ with blood during systole -
-empty
afterload - -Resistance to left ventricular
ejection
stroke volume - -The volume of blood
ejected from the ventricles during systole
myocardial contractility - -The ability of the
heart muscle to contract.
sterlings law - -As the myocardium
stretches, the strength of the subsequent
contraction increases what can affect myocardial contractility - -o
Injury to the myocardial muscle such as an acute
MI causes a decrease in myocardial contractility.
S1 heart sound "Lub" - -mitral and tricuspid o The myocardium of the older adult is stiffer with
valves close a slower ventricular filling rate and prolonged
contraction time.
s2 heart sound "dub" - -aortic and
pulmonic close where should electrical impulses originate from -
-SA node (if they don't start in the SA node
it can cause conduction disturbances)
cardiac output - -The volume of blood
ejected from the left ventricle each minute.
dysrhythmias - -Rhythm disturbances,
meaning a deviation from the normal sinus heart
what is normal cardiac output - -4 to 6 rhythm
L/min
tachycardia - -greater than 100 bpm (fast
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, NSG 300: TOPIC 8 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
HR) exertion, cough, and paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea.
bradycardia - -less than 60 bpm (slow HR)
Right-sided heart failure clinical findings - -
weight gain, distended neck veins, hepatomegaly
Tachydysrhythmias and bradydysrhythmias and splenomegaly, and dependent peripheral
lower... - -cardiac output and blood edema.
pressure.
Myocardial ischemia - -results when the
atrial fibrillation - -rapid, random, supply of blood to the myocardium from the
ineffective contractions of the atrium "quivering" coronary arteries is insufficient to meet
myocardial oxygen demands.
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia -
-A sudden, rapid onset of tachycardia Valvular heart disease - -an acquired or
originating above the AV node. congenital disorder of a cardiac valve that causes
-It often begins and ends spontaneously. either hardening (stenosis) or impaired closure
Sometimes excitement, fatigue, caffeine, (regurgitation) of the valves. When stenosis
smoking, or alcohol use precipitates paroxysmal occurs, the flow of blood through the valves is
supraventricular tachycardia obstructed. When the ventricles contract, blood
escapes back into the atria, causing a murmur, or
"whooshing" sound.
Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation
are... - -life-threatening rhythms that
require immediate intervention. Angina pectoris - -a transient imbalance
between myocardial oxygen supply and demand,
resulting in chest pain that is aching, sharp,
Ventricular tachycardia is a life-threatening tingling, or burning or that feels like pressure.
dysrhythmia because - -the decreased
cardiac output and the potential to deteriorate
into ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac Chest pain associated with MI in men - -
death. described as crushing, squeezing, or stabbing.
The pain is often in the left chest and sternal
area; may be felt in the back; and radiates down
Left-sided heart failure s/s - -fatigue, the left arm to the neck, jaws, teeth, epigastric
breathlessness, dizziness, and confusion as a area, and back
result of tissue hypoxia from the diminished
cardiac output.
The most common initial symptom in women (MI)
- -angina, but they also present with
Left-sided heart failure clinical findings - - atypical symptoms such as fatigue, indigestion,
crackles in the bases of the lungs on shortness of breath, and back or jaw pain.
auscultation, hypoxia, shortness of breath on
2/8
right side of the heart has - -deoxygenated stroke volume - -Amount of blood ejected
blood from the left ventricle with each contraction
left side of the heart has - -oxygenated Cardiac output equation - -CO = HR(heart
blood rate) x S(stroke volume)
What are early signs of hypoxia? - - the circulating blood volume changes according
Restlessness, headache, fatigue, SOB. to the.... - -oxygen and metabolic needs of
the body
the ventricles ____ with blood during diastole -
-fill preload - -The amount of blood in the left
ventricle at the end of diastole, often referred to
as end-diastolic volume.
the ventricles ______ with blood during systole -
-empty
afterload - -Resistance to left ventricular
ejection
stroke volume - -The volume of blood
ejected from the ventricles during systole
myocardial contractility - -The ability of the
heart muscle to contract.
sterlings law - -As the myocardium
stretches, the strength of the subsequent
contraction increases what can affect myocardial contractility - -o
Injury to the myocardial muscle such as an acute
MI causes a decrease in myocardial contractility.
S1 heart sound "Lub" - -mitral and tricuspid o The myocardium of the older adult is stiffer with
valves close a slower ventricular filling rate and prolonged
contraction time.
s2 heart sound "dub" - -aortic and
pulmonic close where should electrical impulses originate from -
-SA node (if they don't start in the SA node
it can cause conduction disturbances)
cardiac output - -The volume of blood
ejected from the left ventricle each minute.
dysrhythmias - -Rhythm disturbances,
meaning a deviation from the normal sinus heart
what is normal cardiac output - -4 to 6 rhythm
L/min
tachycardia - -greater than 100 bpm (fast
1/8
, NSG 300: TOPIC 8 Test Questions and Answers Rated A
HR) exertion, cough, and paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea.
bradycardia - -less than 60 bpm (slow HR)
Right-sided heart failure clinical findings - -
weight gain, distended neck veins, hepatomegaly
Tachydysrhythmias and bradydysrhythmias and splenomegaly, and dependent peripheral
lower... - -cardiac output and blood edema.
pressure.
Myocardial ischemia - -results when the
atrial fibrillation - -rapid, random, supply of blood to the myocardium from the
ineffective contractions of the atrium "quivering" coronary arteries is insufficient to meet
myocardial oxygen demands.
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia -
-A sudden, rapid onset of tachycardia Valvular heart disease - -an acquired or
originating above the AV node. congenital disorder of a cardiac valve that causes
-It often begins and ends spontaneously. either hardening (stenosis) or impaired closure
Sometimes excitement, fatigue, caffeine, (regurgitation) of the valves. When stenosis
smoking, or alcohol use precipitates paroxysmal occurs, the flow of blood through the valves is
supraventricular tachycardia obstructed. When the ventricles contract, blood
escapes back into the atria, causing a murmur, or
"whooshing" sound.
Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation
are... - -life-threatening rhythms that
require immediate intervention. Angina pectoris - -a transient imbalance
between myocardial oxygen supply and demand,
resulting in chest pain that is aching, sharp,
Ventricular tachycardia is a life-threatening tingling, or burning or that feels like pressure.
dysrhythmia because - -the decreased
cardiac output and the potential to deteriorate
into ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac Chest pain associated with MI in men - -
death. described as crushing, squeezing, or stabbing.
The pain is often in the left chest and sternal
area; may be felt in the back; and radiates down
Left-sided heart failure s/s - -fatigue, the left arm to the neck, jaws, teeth, epigastric
breathlessness, dizziness, and confusion as a area, and back
result of tissue hypoxia from the diminished
cardiac output.
The most common initial symptom in women (MI)
- -angina, but they also present with
Left-sided heart failure clinical findings - - atypical symptoms such as fatigue, indigestion,
crackles in the bases of the lungs on shortness of breath, and back or jaw pain.
auscultation, hypoxia, shortness of breath on
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