TEST BANK
Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study
Approach
Bella J. May, and Margery A. Lockard
1st Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 02 Biomechanical Principles in Prosthetics and Orthotics 1
Chapter 03 Psychosocial Issues 7
Chapter 04 Amputation Surgery of the Lower Extremity 10
Chapter 05 Postsurgical Management 12
Chapter 06 Prosthetic Components 18
Chapter 07 Lower Extremity Prosthetic Management 22
Chapter 08 Other Levels of Amputation 25
Chapter 09 The Child With an Amputation 27
Chapter 10 Upper Extremity Amputations 29
Chapter 11 Examinations for Orthotic Prescription and Checkout 31
Chapter 12 Designing and Prescribing Orthoses 34
Chapter 13 Shoes and Orthoses for Foot Impairments 37
Chapter 14 Orthoses for Ankle Impairments 42
Chapter 15 Orthoses for Knee Impairments 47
Chapter 16 Orthoses for Paraplegia or Hip Impairments 51
Chapter 17 Orthoses for Trunk, Cervical, or Cranial Impairments 55
Chapter 18 Orthoses for Upper Extremity Impairments 60
Chapter 19 Training for Sports and Leisure 64
Chapter 20 Clinical Decision-Making for Prosthetics and Orthotics 66
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study Approach, 1st Edition (May, 2012)
Chapter 2: Biomechanical Principles in Prosthetics and Orthotics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A therapist examines a knee–ankle–foot orthosis with an articulating ankle joint. Which of
the following correctly describes the desired location of the orthotic ankle joint with respect
to the patient’s ankle?
a. The medial joint is one-half inch posterior to the apex of the medial malleolus, and
the lateral joint is one-half inch anterior to the apex of the lateral malleolus.
b. The medial joint is at the apex of the medial malleolus, and the lateral joint is at
the apex of the lateral malleolus.
c. The mechanical (orthotic) ankle axis is parallel to the knee axis.
d. Only A and C are correct.
e. Only B and C are correct.
ANS: B PTS: 1
2. A therapist examines a knee–ankle–foot orthosis with an articulating knee joint. Which of
the following correctly describes the desired location of the orthotic knee joint with respect
to the patient’s knee?
a. The medial knee joint is one-half inch anterior and superior to the medial
epicondyle.
b. The lateral knee joint is midway between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the
knee at the level of the knee joint line.
c. The orthotic knee axis is parallel to the ankle axis in the transverse plane.
d. None of the choices (A, B, C) are correct.
ANS: D PTS: 1
3. A patient wearing a transfemoral prosthesis has developed a hip flexion contracture after the
prosthesis was fit and received by the patient. In static standing, this will most likely cause
the line of gravity to produce an undesirable _____________ on the prosthetic side.
a. Hip flexion moment
b. Knee flexion moment
c. Knee extension moment
d. A and C
e. A and B
ANS: D PTS: 1
4. A patient has a flexible varus deformity at the ankle due to a muscle imbalance. A therapist
selects an ankle–foot orthosis to minimize the unwanted varus using three-point
counterforces. To be effective, the orthosis must provide a middle force that is directed
_____________.
a. Lateral to medial
b. Medial to lateral
c. Anterior to posterior
d. Posterior to anterior
ANS: A PTS: 1
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, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study Approach, 1st Edition (May, 2012)
5. A therapist examines an ankle–foot orthosis that has componentry that stops dorsiflexion at
0° (neutral) and plantarflexion at 40°. The problem that this orthosis was most likely
prescribed to improve is _____________.
a. Foot drop
b. Insufficient push-off
c. Insufficient knee flexion
d. Insufficient knee extension
ANS: D PTS: 1
6. A therapist examines a transfemoral prosthesis and notes that the prosthetic knee axis is
located one-half inch posterior to a line connecting the locations of the greater trochanter
and the ankle. This alignment enhances _____________.
a. Hip flexion
b. Hip extension
c. Knee flexion
d. Knee extension
e. Ankle plantarflexion
ANS: D PTS: 1
7. A therapist selects a temporary ankle–foot orthosis constructed from molded thermoplastic
for a patient. When applied to the patient, the trimlines of the orthosis are located at the
apexes of the medial and lateral malleoli. The therapist expects that this appliance will
_____________.
a. Facilitate dynamic push-off
b. Facilitate dorsiflexion assist
c. Restrict plantarflexion and dorsiflexion movements
d. Only A and B
ANS: C PTS: 1
8. A spinal orthosis that employs a three-point counterforce system to restrict trunk flexion
will include _____________.
a. An anterior to posterior middle force
b. A posterior to anterior middle force
c. End forces that are applied posteriorly
d. Only A and C
e. Only B and C
ANS: B PTS: 1
9. Which of the following strategies can be used to minimize knee hyperextension? Note: all
the choices below are applied to the side of the hyperextension.
a. Preventing plantarflexion beyond a position of 3° of dorsiflexion
b. Preventing dorsiflexion beyond a position of 3° of plantarflexion
c. Use of a small heel lift
d. Only A and C
e. Only B and C
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study
Approach
Bella J. May, and Margery A. Lockard
1st Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 02 Biomechanical Principles in Prosthetics and Orthotics 1
Chapter 03 Psychosocial Issues 7
Chapter 04 Amputation Surgery of the Lower Extremity 10
Chapter 05 Postsurgical Management 12
Chapter 06 Prosthetic Components 18
Chapter 07 Lower Extremity Prosthetic Management 22
Chapter 08 Other Levels of Amputation 25
Chapter 09 The Child With an Amputation 27
Chapter 10 Upper Extremity Amputations 29
Chapter 11 Examinations for Orthotic Prescription and Checkout 31
Chapter 12 Designing and Prescribing Orthoses 34
Chapter 13 Shoes and Orthoses for Foot Impairments 37
Chapter 14 Orthoses for Ankle Impairments 42
Chapter 15 Orthoses for Knee Impairments 47
Chapter 16 Orthoses for Paraplegia or Hip Impairments 51
Chapter 17 Orthoses for Trunk, Cervical, or Cranial Impairments 55
Chapter 18 Orthoses for Upper Extremity Impairments 60
Chapter 19 Training for Sports and Leisure 64
Chapter 20 Clinical Decision-Making for Prosthetics and Orthotics 66
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study Approach, 1st Edition (May, 2012)
Chapter 2: Biomechanical Principles in Prosthetics and Orthotics
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A therapist examines a knee–ankle–foot orthosis with an articulating ankle joint. Which of
the following correctly describes the desired location of the orthotic ankle joint with respect
to the patient’s ankle?
a. The medial joint is one-half inch posterior to the apex of the medial malleolus, and
the lateral joint is one-half inch anterior to the apex of the lateral malleolus.
b. The medial joint is at the apex of the medial malleolus, and the lateral joint is at
the apex of the lateral malleolus.
c. The mechanical (orthotic) ankle axis is parallel to the knee axis.
d. Only A and C are correct.
e. Only B and C are correct.
ANS: B PTS: 1
2. A therapist examines a knee–ankle–foot orthosis with an articulating knee joint. Which of
the following correctly describes the desired location of the orthotic knee joint with respect
to the patient’s knee?
a. The medial knee joint is one-half inch anterior and superior to the medial
epicondyle.
b. The lateral knee joint is midway between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the
knee at the level of the knee joint line.
c. The orthotic knee axis is parallel to the ankle axis in the transverse plane.
d. None of the choices (A, B, C) are correct.
ANS: D PTS: 1
3. A patient wearing a transfemoral prosthesis has developed a hip flexion contracture after the
prosthesis was fit and received by the patient. In static standing, this will most likely cause
the line of gravity to produce an undesirable _____________ on the prosthetic side.
a. Hip flexion moment
b. Knee flexion moment
c. Knee extension moment
d. A and C
e. A and B
ANS: D PTS: 1
4. A patient has a flexible varus deformity at the ankle due to a muscle imbalance. A therapist
selects an ankle–foot orthosis to minimize the unwanted varus using three-point
counterforces. To be effective, the orthosis must provide a middle force that is directed
_____________.
a. Lateral to medial
b. Medial to lateral
c. Anterior to posterior
d. Posterior to anterior
ANS: A PTS: 1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Prosthetics and Orthotics in Clinical Practice: A Case Study Approach, 1st Edition (May, 2012)
5. A therapist examines an ankle–foot orthosis that has componentry that stops dorsiflexion at
0° (neutral) and plantarflexion at 40°. The problem that this orthosis was most likely
prescribed to improve is _____________.
a. Foot drop
b. Insufficient push-off
c. Insufficient knee flexion
d. Insufficient knee extension
ANS: D PTS: 1
6. A therapist examines a transfemoral prosthesis and notes that the prosthetic knee axis is
located one-half inch posterior to a line connecting the locations of the greater trochanter
and the ankle. This alignment enhances _____________.
a. Hip flexion
b. Hip extension
c. Knee flexion
d. Knee extension
e. Ankle plantarflexion
ANS: D PTS: 1
7. A therapist selects a temporary ankle–foot orthosis constructed from molded thermoplastic
for a patient. When applied to the patient, the trimlines of the orthosis are located at the
apexes of the medial and lateral malleoli. The therapist expects that this appliance will
_____________.
a. Facilitate dynamic push-off
b. Facilitate dorsiflexion assist
c. Restrict plantarflexion and dorsiflexion movements
d. Only A and B
ANS: C PTS: 1
8. A spinal orthosis that employs a three-point counterforce system to restrict trunk flexion
will include _____________.
a. An anterior to posterior middle force
b. A posterior to anterior middle force
c. End forces that are applied posteriorly
d. Only A and C
e. Only B and C
ANS: B PTS: 1
9. Which of the following strategies can be used to minimize knee hyperextension? Note: all
the choices below are applied to the side of the hyperextension.
a. Preventing plantarflexion beyond a position of 3° of dorsiflexion
b. Preventing dorsiflexion beyond a position of 3° of plantarflexion
c. Use of a small heel lift
d. Only A and C
e. Only B and C
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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