Test bank for anatomy & physiology an integrative
approach, 4th edition by michael p., valerie
Questions & 100% verified answers and
rationales | graded a+
,Chapter 1 — the study of anatomy and physiology
1. A nurse is teaching a newly admitted patient the meaning of homeostasis. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. “homeostasis means my body will never change.”
B. “homeostasis means my internal conditions stay relatively stable.”
C. “homeostasis means my body temperature must be exactly the same at all times.”
D. “homeostasis means i cannot get sick.”
Answer: b.
Rationale: homeostasis refers to maintaining internal conditions within a relatively stable
range, not absolute unchanging values. Choices a and c are absolute statements and
incorrect; d is false.
2. Which organizational level is directly above the tissue level?
A. Molecule
B. Cell
C. Organ
D. Organism
Answer: c.
Rationale: levels: molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system →
organism. The organ level is directly above tissue.
3. A patient’s arterial blood gas shows a ph of 7.32. Which term best describes this
condition?
A. Normal
B. Alkalosis
C. Acidosis
D. Hypoxia
Answer: c.
Rationale: normal ph ~7.35–7.45. Ph 7.32 is below normal = acidosis. Hypoxia relates to
oxygen, not ph.
4. In a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature, which
component detects the change?
A. Effector
B. Integrating center
C. Receptor
D. Stimulus
, Answer: c.
Rationale: receptors detect changes (e.g., thermoreceptors detect temperature).
Integrating center (hypothalamus) compares input and signals effectors that enact
changes.
5. Scenario: a patient’s blood pressure falls. The baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses
sense this and increase sympathetic output to the heart. What role do the heart and
blood vessels play in this feedback loop?
A. Stimulus
B. Receptor
C. Integrating center
D. Effector
Answer: d.
Rationale: effectors carry out the response (increase heart rate/vasoconstriction) to
restore blood pressure.
6. Which body plane divides the body into left and right portions?
A. Frontal (coronal)
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: c.
Rationale: sagittal plane divides left/right; frontal divides anterior/posterior; transverse
divides superior/inferior.
7. Which of the following terms correctly describes the location of the wrist relative to
the elbow?
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Superior
Answer: b.
Rationale: distal = farther from trunk or point of origin; wrist is distal to elbow.
8. During a physical exam, the clinician palpates the epigastric region. Which organ is
most likely to be located there?
A. Spleen
B. Stomach
, C. Cecum
D. Urinary bladder
Answer: b.
Rationale: epigastric region overlies stomach (superior to umbilical region). Spleen is left
hypochondriac; cecum is right iliac; bladder is suprapubic.
9. Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?
A. Cranial cavity
B. Thoracic cavity
C. Abdominopelvic cavity
D. Spinal cavity
Answer: b.
Rationale: thoracic cavity houses lungs and heart (within mediastinum). Cranial is brain,
abdominopelvic holds abdominal and pelvic organs.
10. Which of the following best describes a positive feedback mechanism?
A. It always restores homeostasis.
B. It amplifies an initial change, often moving system away from starting point.
C. It prevents changes in the internal environment.
D. It is the most common mechanism for long-term control.
Answer: b.
Rationale: positive feedback amplifies changes (e.g., oxytocin in labor). It may move
the system away from baseline until an external interrupt occurs.
11. A patient is lying face down. What is the correct term for this body position?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Fowler’s
Answer: b.
Rationale: prone = lying on abdomen (face down). Supine = face up.
12. Which of the following is an example of an anatomic variation among healthy
individuals?
A. Situs inversus (complete reversal of organ positions)
B. Polydactyly (extra fingers) causing dysfunction
C. One kidney smaller than the other but normal function
D. Absence of a lung
approach, 4th edition by michael p., valerie
Questions & 100% verified answers and
rationales | graded a+
,Chapter 1 — the study of anatomy and physiology
1. A nurse is teaching a newly admitted patient the meaning of homeostasis. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. “homeostasis means my body will never change.”
B. “homeostasis means my internal conditions stay relatively stable.”
C. “homeostasis means my body temperature must be exactly the same at all times.”
D. “homeostasis means i cannot get sick.”
Answer: b.
Rationale: homeostasis refers to maintaining internal conditions within a relatively stable
range, not absolute unchanging values. Choices a and c are absolute statements and
incorrect; d is false.
2. Which organizational level is directly above the tissue level?
A. Molecule
B. Cell
C. Organ
D. Organism
Answer: c.
Rationale: levels: molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system →
organism. The organ level is directly above tissue.
3. A patient’s arterial blood gas shows a ph of 7.32. Which term best describes this
condition?
A. Normal
B. Alkalosis
C. Acidosis
D. Hypoxia
Answer: c.
Rationale: normal ph ~7.35–7.45. Ph 7.32 is below normal = acidosis. Hypoxia relates to
oxygen, not ph.
4. In a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature, which
component detects the change?
A. Effector
B. Integrating center
C. Receptor
D. Stimulus
, Answer: c.
Rationale: receptors detect changes (e.g., thermoreceptors detect temperature).
Integrating center (hypothalamus) compares input and signals effectors that enact
changes.
5. Scenario: a patient’s blood pressure falls. The baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses
sense this and increase sympathetic output to the heart. What role do the heart and
blood vessels play in this feedback loop?
A. Stimulus
B. Receptor
C. Integrating center
D. Effector
Answer: d.
Rationale: effectors carry out the response (increase heart rate/vasoconstriction) to
restore blood pressure.
6. Which body plane divides the body into left and right portions?
A. Frontal (coronal)
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: c.
Rationale: sagittal plane divides left/right; frontal divides anterior/posterior; transverse
divides superior/inferior.
7. Which of the following terms correctly describes the location of the wrist relative to
the elbow?
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Superior
Answer: b.
Rationale: distal = farther from trunk or point of origin; wrist is distal to elbow.
8. During a physical exam, the clinician palpates the epigastric region. Which organ is
most likely to be located there?
A. Spleen
B. Stomach
, C. Cecum
D. Urinary bladder
Answer: b.
Rationale: epigastric region overlies stomach (superior to umbilical region). Spleen is left
hypochondriac; cecum is right iliac; bladder is suprapubic.
9. Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?
A. Cranial cavity
B. Thoracic cavity
C. Abdominopelvic cavity
D. Spinal cavity
Answer: b.
Rationale: thoracic cavity houses lungs and heart (within mediastinum). Cranial is brain,
abdominopelvic holds abdominal and pelvic organs.
10. Which of the following best describes a positive feedback mechanism?
A. It always restores homeostasis.
B. It amplifies an initial change, often moving system away from starting point.
C. It prevents changes in the internal environment.
D. It is the most common mechanism for long-term control.
Answer: b.
Rationale: positive feedback amplifies changes (e.g., oxytocin in labor). It may move
the system away from baseline until an external interrupt occurs.
11. A patient is lying face down. What is the correct term for this body position?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Fowler’s
Answer: b.
Rationale: prone = lying on abdomen (face down). Supine = face up.
12. Which of the following is an example of an anatomic variation among healthy
individuals?
A. Situs inversus (complete reversal of organ positions)
B. Polydactyly (extra fingers) causing dysfunction
C. One kidney smaller than the other but normal function
D. Absence of a lung
