Bio 210 Exam 5 Study Guide with correct answers
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Griffith's |experiments |with |heat |killed |pathogenic |bacteria |and |live |non-pathogenic |bacteria |
indicated |something |from |the |dead |bacteria |could |do |something |to |the |living, |non-pathogenic
|bacteria |that |he |called |transformation. |What |changes |were |observed |in |colony |appearance |
and |pathogenicity? |- |correct |answer |When |the |heat-killed |S |cells |were |mixed |with |the |living |R |
cells |they |combined |and |formed |living |S |cells- |smooth |encapsulated |cells
What |biological |macromolecule |did |Avery, |McCarty, |and |MacLeod |identify |as |Griffith's |
transforming |factor |- |correct |answer |DNA
Chromatin |is |composed |of |protein |and |DNA. |Likewise |bacterial |viruses |(bacteriophage) |are |
composed |of |DNA |and |protein. |In |the |Hershey |and |Chase |experiments |which |of |these |two |
molecules |entered |the |bacterial |cell |and |which |stayed |on |the |outside? |- |correct |answer |S-
protein |stays |outside |cells
P-DNA |enters |cells
In |the |structure |of |DNA, |what |part |of |DNA |synthesis |(replication) |was |obvious |from |the |
double-stranded |structure? |- |correct |answer |Semi-conservative
Replication |is |involved |in |which |of |the |two |major |DNA |functions? |- |correct |answer |Hereditary |
Function
Transcription |and |translation |are |involved |in |which |of |the |two |major |DNA |functions |- |correct |
answer |Cell |Regulation |Function
Name |the |5 |enzymes |needed |for |DNA |replication |- |correct |answer |1. |Helicase
2. |DNA |polymerase |III
3. |DNA |polymerase |I
4. |Primase
5. |Ligase
, Name |the |DNA |binding |protein |- |correct |answer |Single-Stranded |DNA |Binding |Protein |= |SSBP
What |is |the |function |of |SSBP |- |correct |answer |1. |Binds |single-stranded |DNA
2. |Permits |replication |to |copy |single |strands
What |is |the |function |of |Helicase |- |correct |answer |1. |Unwinds |DNA
2. |Permits |DNA |strand |separation
What |is |the |function |of |DNA |polymerase |III |- |correct |answer |1. |Replicates |DNA
2. |Synthesizes |long |strands |of |DNA
What |is |the |function |of |DNA |polymerase |I |- |correct |answer |1. |Repairs |DNA
2. |Cuts |out |mismatched |DNA
3. |Cuts |out |RNA
4. |Synthesizes |short |strands |of |DNA
5. |Replaces |RNA |primer |with |DNA
6. |Proof-reads |DNA
Why |are |two |DNA |polymerases |necessary |- |correct |answer |Because |they |have |two |different |
functions |and |we |need |one |for |each |direction |of |replication
What |is |the |function |of |primase |- |correct |answer |1. |Special |RNA |polymerase
2. |Initiates |DNA |replication
3. |Synthesizes |short |RNA |primer
What |is |the |function |of |ligase |- |correct |answer |Repairs |breaks |in |DNA |strands
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Griffith's |experiments |with |heat |killed |pathogenic |bacteria |and |live |non-pathogenic |bacteria |
indicated |something |from |the |dead |bacteria |could |do |something |to |the |living, |non-pathogenic
|bacteria |that |he |called |transformation. |What |changes |were |observed |in |colony |appearance |
and |pathogenicity? |- |correct |answer |When |the |heat-killed |S |cells |were |mixed |with |the |living |R |
cells |they |combined |and |formed |living |S |cells- |smooth |encapsulated |cells
What |biological |macromolecule |did |Avery, |McCarty, |and |MacLeod |identify |as |Griffith's |
transforming |factor |- |correct |answer |DNA
Chromatin |is |composed |of |protein |and |DNA. |Likewise |bacterial |viruses |(bacteriophage) |are |
composed |of |DNA |and |protein. |In |the |Hershey |and |Chase |experiments |which |of |these |two |
molecules |entered |the |bacterial |cell |and |which |stayed |on |the |outside? |- |correct |answer |S-
protein |stays |outside |cells
P-DNA |enters |cells
In |the |structure |of |DNA, |what |part |of |DNA |synthesis |(replication) |was |obvious |from |the |
double-stranded |structure? |- |correct |answer |Semi-conservative
Replication |is |involved |in |which |of |the |two |major |DNA |functions? |- |correct |answer |Hereditary |
Function
Transcription |and |translation |are |involved |in |which |of |the |two |major |DNA |functions |- |correct |
answer |Cell |Regulation |Function
Name |the |5 |enzymes |needed |for |DNA |replication |- |correct |answer |1. |Helicase
2. |DNA |polymerase |III
3. |DNA |polymerase |I
4. |Primase
5. |Ligase
, Name |the |DNA |binding |protein |- |correct |answer |Single-Stranded |DNA |Binding |Protein |= |SSBP
What |is |the |function |of |SSBP |- |correct |answer |1. |Binds |single-stranded |DNA
2. |Permits |replication |to |copy |single |strands
What |is |the |function |of |Helicase |- |correct |answer |1. |Unwinds |DNA
2. |Permits |DNA |strand |separation
What |is |the |function |of |DNA |polymerase |III |- |correct |answer |1. |Replicates |DNA
2. |Synthesizes |long |strands |of |DNA
What |is |the |function |of |DNA |polymerase |I |- |correct |answer |1. |Repairs |DNA
2. |Cuts |out |mismatched |DNA
3. |Cuts |out |RNA
4. |Synthesizes |short |strands |of |DNA
5. |Replaces |RNA |primer |with |DNA
6. |Proof-reads |DNA
Why |are |two |DNA |polymerases |necessary |- |correct |answer |Because |they |have |two |different |
functions |and |we |need |one |for |each |direction |of |replication
What |is |the |function |of |primase |- |correct |answer |1. |Special |RNA |polymerase
2. |Initiates |DNA |replication
3. |Synthesizes |short |RNA |primer
What |is |the |function |of |ligase |- |correct |answer |Repairs |breaks |in |DNA |strands
