Database Systems NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!!!
Meta-data Data associated with an object, supplementing the object's file
system data.
A management information system designed to handle
Transaction-processing
application. large volumes of routine, recurring transactions.
What are the four main types selection,updating,deleting,inserting.
of database actions?
DATABASE:
• Self-describing nature of a database system
• Insulation between programs and data, and data abstraction
• Support of multiple views of the data
What are the main
• Sharing of data and multi-user transaction processing
characteristics of the
database approach and how it
FILE SYSTEM:
differs from traditional file • Approach to the file system, each user is defined as
systems. necessary to implement the file, to perform a specific
application
What are the different types Casual, Naïve/parametric, Sophisticated, Standalone
of database end users?
People who use a database query language to access a
Casual end users
database, but do not develop applications.
Constantly querying and updating the database, using
Naïve/parametric end users
standard types of queries and updates that have been
carefully programmed and tested.
Engineers, scientists, etc who are experts at using the
Sophisticated end users
DB, and develop applications on top of a databases.
Maintain personal databases by using ready-made
Standalone end users
program packages that provide easy-to-use
interfaces.
, • Providesa way to organize data as records, tables, or objects
• Accepts data input
• Provides query languages - for searching, sorting,
reporting...etc.
What are the capabilities of a • Provides multi-user access to data - with security
Database Management features that prevent some users from
System? viewing/changing info
• Provides data integrity features - prevents more than
one user from accessing and changing the same info
• Provides a data dictionary (metadata) - that describes
the structure of the database, related files, and record
information
• Database systems work with relational
databases(well structured data) - use relational
Discuss the differences
tables with well defined values for each row and
between database systems
column.
and information retrieval
• Information retrieval system works on unstructured
systems.
data(raw textfiles/documents). IR system uses an
Inverted index which is the index of {term,docIDs}
entries. For
each term there is a corresponding list of documents in which the
term is present.
Collection of concepts that describe the structure of a
Data Model
database and provides means to achieve data
abstraction
Database schema Description of a database
Current state of the database including all of its data.
Database state
*Think of of it as a snapshot.
Internal schema Describes physical storage structure of the database
Conceptual schema Describes the structure of the whole database for a community of
users
(view level) Describes part of the database that a
External schema
particular user group is interested in.
Data independence The separation of data descriptions from the application
programs that use the data.
Data Definition Language -Allows a database
DDL
administrator to define the database structure,
schema, and subschema.
DML Data Manipulation Language - Allows retrieval, insertion,
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!!!
Meta-data Data associated with an object, supplementing the object's file
system data.
A management information system designed to handle
Transaction-processing
application. large volumes of routine, recurring transactions.
What are the four main types selection,updating,deleting,inserting.
of database actions?
DATABASE:
• Self-describing nature of a database system
• Insulation between programs and data, and data abstraction
• Support of multiple views of the data
What are the main
• Sharing of data and multi-user transaction processing
characteristics of the
database approach and how it
FILE SYSTEM:
differs from traditional file • Approach to the file system, each user is defined as
systems. necessary to implement the file, to perform a specific
application
What are the different types Casual, Naïve/parametric, Sophisticated, Standalone
of database end users?
People who use a database query language to access a
Casual end users
database, but do not develop applications.
Constantly querying and updating the database, using
Naïve/parametric end users
standard types of queries and updates that have been
carefully programmed and tested.
Engineers, scientists, etc who are experts at using the
Sophisticated end users
DB, and develop applications on top of a databases.
Maintain personal databases by using ready-made
Standalone end users
program packages that provide easy-to-use
interfaces.
, • Providesa way to organize data as records, tables, or objects
• Accepts data input
• Provides query languages - for searching, sorting,
reporting...etc.
What are the capabilities of a • Provides multi-user access to data - with security
Database Management features that prevent some users from
System? viewing/changing info
• Provides data integrity features - prevents more than
one user from accessing and changing the same info
• Provides a data dictionary (metadata) - that describes
the structure of the database, related files, and record
information
• Database systems work with relational
databases(well structured data) - use relational
Discuss the differences
tables with well defined values for each row and
between database systems
column.
and information retrieval
• Information retrieval system works on unstructured
systems.
data(raw textfiles/documents). IR system uses an
Inverted index which is the index of {term,docIDs}
entries. For
each term there is a corresponding list of documents in which the
term is present.
Collection of concepts that describe the structure of a
Data Model
database and provides means to achieve data
abstraction
Database schema Description of a database
Current state of the database including all of its data.
Database state
*Think of of it as a snapshot.
Internal schema Describes physical storage structure of the database
Conceptual schema Describes the structure of the whole database for a community of
users
(view level) Describes part of the database that a
External schema
particular user group is interested in.
Data independence The separation of data descriptions from the application
programs that use the data.
Data Definition Language -Allows a database
DDL
administrator to define the database structure,
schema, and subschema.
DML Data Manipulation Language - Allows retrieval, insertion,
