NSG 3100 exam 4 comprehensive
2025/2026 questions and their correct
answers graded A+ already| new
document!
Why is it important for a nurse to monitor the patient's emotional response when administering
an enema? - Answer Enemas are extremely invasive and can trigger memories of past abuse.
The nurse should honor any considerations requested by the patient for enema administration
Before administering an enema, what should the nurse look for/ask about in their assessment? -
Answer 1. When their last bowel movement was & how it was
2. Presence of abdominal distention
3. If the client has sphincter control
4. Whether they use a toilet, commode, or bedpan
What position should the patient be in when administering an enema? - Answer Laying in a left
lateral position
What should you do if resistance is encountered at the internal sphincter when administering an
enema? - Answer Tell the client to take a deep breath to relax the sphincter and then run some of
the solution through the tube
During low enemas, hold the solution no higher than _____ cm above the rectum. - Answer 30
cm (12 in); the higher the solution is held, the faster the flow & greater the force
During high enemas, hold the solution _______ cm above the rectum. - Answer 30-49 cm (12-
18 inches)
,If a patient complains of pain or fullness when administering an enema, what should the nurse
do next? - Answer Stop and lower the container or use a clamp for 30 seconds then begin again
at a slower rate.
What position would you place an incontinent patient in after administering an enema? -
Answer In the supine position with the head of the bed elevated. The patient should also be
placed on a bed pan
Because infants and small children lack sphincter control, how should the nurse ensure that the
child retain an enema? - Answer The nurse should place the child over a bedpan and firmly press
the buttocks together
What temperature should an enema be? - Answer 37.7 C (100 F)
What position is often used on children for administering an enema? - Answer Dorsal
recumbent position
When administering an enema to an older adult, what should the nurse look for throughout the
treatment? - Answer Vagal episodes (slow pulse) & dysrhythmias
What is the purpose of a fecal incontinence pouch? - Answer To prevent progressive perineal
skin irritation and breakdown
What are the nursing responsibilities for a client with a rectal pouch? (4) - Answer
1. Assessment of perineal skin status
2. Changing the bag at least every 72 hours
3. Maintaining the drainage system
4. Providing explanations and support to the client and support people
What should be included in the nurse assessment before changing a bowel diversion ostomy
appliance? (7) - Answer 1. Stoma color
,2. Stoma size & shape
3. Stoma bleeding
4. Status of peristomal skin
5. Amount & type of feces
6. Complaints & needs
7. Emotional status
What does a burning sensation around a stoma indicate? - Answer Breakdown beneath the
pouch
When is the best time to change an ostomy bag? - Answer First thing in the morning or 2-4
hours after a meal
What is the purpose for colostomy irrigation? - Answer To distend the bowel sufficiently to
stimulate peristalsis
How should a stoma look? - Answer Pink and moist
How long should you encourage the patient to retain most enemas? - Answer At least 5-10
minutes
What is the focus of the "pretest" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Obtaining patient
background information to assist in determining communication & teaching strategies, types of
tests that may be required, etc.
What is the focus of the "intratest" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Specimen collection
and following through with the diagnostic testing
What is the focus of the "post-test" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Client follow-up
activities & observations to determine if any interventions are required
, What is being tested if a patient has an order for an "H&H?" - Answer Hemoglobin &
hematocrit
What does hematocrit measure (Hct)? - Answer Percentage of red blood cells in the total blood
volume
What is hemoglobin (Hgb)? - Answer The iron-containing protein in RBC that transports
oxygen throughout the body
True or False: H&H levels decrease with dehydration. - Answer False, H&H levels increase as
the blood becomes for concentrated
When would cause H&H levels to decrease? - Answer Hypovolemia which leads to
hemodilution
What is tested in an RBC count? - Answer The number of RBC's per cubic mm of whole blood
What does a low RBC count indicate? - Answer Anemia or blood loss
What does a high RBC count indicate? - Answer Polycythemia
What is tested in a WBC count? - Answer The number of WBCs per cubic mm of whole blood
What does a high WBC count commonly indicate? - Answer Bacterial infection
What does a low WBC count commonly indicate? - Answer Viral infection
What is tested in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test? - Answer Kidney function by showing the
amount of urea nitrogen in the blood
2025/2026 questions and their correct
answers graded A+ already| new
document!
Why is it important for a nurse to monitor the patient's emotional response when administering
an enema? - Answer Enemas are extremely invasive and can trigger memories of past abuse.
The nurse should honor any considerations requested by the patient for enema administration
Before administering an enema, what should the nurse look for/ask about in their assessment? -
Answer 1. When their last bowel movement was & how it was
2. Presence of abdominal distention
3. If the client has sphincter control
4. Whether they use a toilet, commode, or bedpan
What position should the patient be in when administering an enema? - Answer Laying in a left
lateral position
What should you do if resistance is encountered at the internal sphincter when administering an
enema? - Answer Tell the client to take a deep breath to relax the sphincter and then run some of
the solution through the tube
During low enemas, hold the solution no higher than _____ cm above the rectum. - Answer 30
cm (12 in); the higher the solution is held, the faster the flow & greater the force
During high enemas, hold the solution _______ cm above the rectum. - Answer 30-49 cm (12-
18 inches)
,If a patient complains of pain or fullness when administering an enema, what should the nurse
do next? - Answer Stop and lower the container or use a clamp for 30 seconds then begin again
at a slower rate.
What position would you place an incontinent patient in after administering an enema? -
Answer In the supine position with the head of the bed elevated. The patient should also be
placed on a bed pan
Because infants and small children lack sphincter control, how should the nurse ensure that the
child retain an enema? - Answer The nurse should place the child over a bedpan and firmly press
the buttocks together
What temperature should an enema be? - Answer 37.7 C (100 F)
What position is often used on children for administering an enema? - Answer Dorsal
recumbent position
When administering an enema to an older adult, what should the nurse look for throughout the
treatment? - Answer Vagal episodes (slow pulse) & dysrhythmias
What is the purpose of a fecal incontinence pouch? - Answer To prevent progressive perineal
skin irritation and breakdown
What are the nursing responsibilities for a client with a rectal pouch? (4) - Answer
1. Assessment of perineal skin status
2. Changing the bag at least every 72 hours
3. Maintaining the drainage system
4. Providing explanations and support to the client and support people
What should be included in the nurse assessment before changing a bowel diversion ostomy
appliance? (7) - Answer 1. Stoma color
,2. Stoma size & shape
3. Stoma bleeding
4. Status of peristomal skin
5. Amount & type of feces
6. Complaints & needs
7. Emotional status
What does a burning sensation around a stoma indicate? - Answer Breakdown beneath the
pouch
When is the best time to change an ostomy bag? - Answer First thing in the morning or 2-4
hours after a meal
What is the purpose for colostomy irrigation? - Answer To distend the bowel sufficiently to
stimulate peristalsis
How should a stoma look? - Answer Pink and moist
How long should you encourage the patient to retain most enemas? - Answer At least 5-10
minutes
What is the focus of the "pretest" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Obtaining patient
background information to assist in determining communication & teaching strategies, types of
tests that may be required, etc.
What is the focus of the "intratest" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Specimen collection
and following through with the diagnostic testing
What is the focus of the "post-test" phase in diagnostic testing? - Answer Client follow-up
activities & observations to determine if any interventions are required
, What is being tested if a patient has an order for an "H&H?" - Answer Hemoglobin &
hematocrit
What does hematocrit measure (Hct)? - Answer Percentage of red blood cells in the total blood
volume
What is hemoglobin (Hgb)? - Answer The iron-containing protein in RBC that transports
oxygen throughout the body
True or False: H&H levels decrease with dehydration. - Answer False, H&H levels increase as
the blood becomes for concentrated
When would cause H&H levels to decrease? - Answer Hypovolemia which leads to
hemodilution
What is tested in an RBC count? - Answer The number of RBC's per cubic mm of whole blood
What does a low RBC count indicate? - Answer Anemia or blood loss
What does a high RBC count indicate? - Answer Polycythemia
What is tested in a WBC count? - Answer The number of WBCs per cubic mm of whole blood
What does a high WBC count commonly indicate? - Answer Bacterial infection
What does a low WBC count commonly indicate? - Answer Viral infection
What is tested in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test? - Answer Kidney function by showing the
amount of urea nitrogen in the blood
