NURS 6035 Neuro
Dysarthria - answer-difficulty forming words (articulation)
-lesions of the tongue and palate are usually responsible
Dysphonia - answer-difficulty in phonation resulting in an alteration in the volume and
tone of the voice
-lesions of the palate and vocal cords are usually responsible
dysphasia - answer difficulty comprehending or speaking as a result of cerebral
dysfunction
Aphasia - answertotal loss of speech
expressive aphasia - answer-Difficulty to produce language ( despite being able to
understand language)
-you know what you want to say but have trouble saying or writing what you mean
Receptive aphasia - answer-inability to understand spoken or written words; hear the
words/see the print but cant make sense of the words
-speak well and use long sentences, but what they say may not make sense. They may
not know that what they're saying is wrong, so may get frustrated when people don't
understand them
- "word salad" speech tends to include random words and phrases thrown together
Destructive lesion - answer-A lesion is an area of tissue that has been damaged
through injury or disease
-Can be caused by injury, infection, exposure to chemicals, problems with the immune
system, etc.
Orientation - answer-Refers to a person's awareness of self in relation to other persons,
places, and time
-What is your name, where are you right now, what year is it
Judgement - answer-Asking the patient to interpret a simple problem
-Requires higher cerebral function
-"What would you do if you noticed an addressed envelope with an uncanceled stamp
on it on the street near a mailbox?"
Abstraction - answer-Higher cerebral function that requires comprehension and
judgement
-Commonly uses proverbs: interpret "people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw
stones"
, Affect - answeremotional response to an event
visual agnosia - answerthe inability to recognize a visual stimulus despite the ability to
see it and pick it up
Agnosia - answerailure to recognize a sensory stimulus despite normal primary
sensationF
Tactile agnosia - answer-The inability to identify objects by touch
-Can feel the weight of the object, yet unable to understand the significance or the use
of the object; can still name objects by sight, draw pictures of objects, as well as reach
them
-Caused by lesions to the parietal lobe
Autotopagnosia - answerInability to identify body parts on self
Praxis - answerability to perform a motor activity
Dyspraxia - answer-Decreased ability to perform voluntary movement
-caused by deep frontal lobe lesion
Constructional apraxia - answer-Unable to draw simple designs such as shapes
- caused by a posterior parietal lobe lesion
Retinal detachment - answer-two layers of the retina separate from each other
-ACUTE painless visual loss
Compression of the optic nerve - answerPainless loss of vision over a period of time
Amaurosis fugax - answertransient visual loss lasting up to 3 minutes, a feature of
internal carotid artery disease or other embolic disease
Migraine - answer-Transient episodes of visual loss possible before the development of
headaches
-Biphasic type of headache associated with a prodromal phase (aura) followed by the
headache phase
- Headache is usually unilateral and described as pulsating, can last hours to days
-Triggered by stress, anxiety, birth control pills, hormonal changes, ingestion of certain
foods, hunger; often a family history
Hemiplegia & gait - answer-Paralysis of one side of the body
-Drag or circumduction a weak and spastic leg
Parkinson's disease & gait - answer-a brain disorder that leads to shaking, stiffness, and
difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination
Dysarthria - answer-difficulty forming words (articulation)
-lesions of the tongue and palate are usually responsible
Dysphonia - answer-difficulty in phonation resulting in an alteration in the volume and
tone of the voice
-lesions of the palate and vocal cords are usually responsible
dysphasia - answer difficulty comprehending or speaking as a result of cerebral
dysfunction
Aphasia - answertotal loss of speech
expressive aphasia - answer-Difficulty to produce language ( despite being able to
understand language)
-you know what you want to say but have trouble saying or writing what you mean
Receptive aphasia - answer-inability to understand spoken or written words; hear the
words/see the print but cant make sense of the words
-speak well and use long sentences, but what they say may not make sense. They may
not know that what they're saying is wrong, so may get frustrated when people don't
understand them
- "word salad" speech tends to include random words and phrases thrown together
Destructive lesion - answer-A lesion is an area of tissue that has been damaged
through injury or disease
-Can be caused by injury, infection, exposure to chemicals, problems with the immune
system, etc.
Orientation - answer-Refers to a person's awareness of self in relation to other persons,
places, and time
-What is your name, where are you right now, what year is it
Judgement - answer-Asking the patient to interpret a simple problem
-Requires higher cerebral function
-"What would you do if you noticed an addressed envelope with an uncanceled stamp
on it on the street near a mailbox?"
Abstraction - answer-Higher cerebral function that requires comprehension and
judgement
-Commonly uses proverbs: interpret "people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw
stones"
, Affect - answeremotional response to an event
visual agnosia - answerthe inability to recognize a visual stimulus despite the ability to
see it and pick it up
Agnosia - answerailure to recognize a sensory stimulus despite normal primary
sensationF
Tactile agnosia - answer-The inability to identify objects by touch
-Can feel the weight of the object, yet unable to understand the significance or the use
of the object; can still name objects by sight, draw pictures of objects, as well as reach
them
-Caused by lesions to the parietal lobe
Autotopagnosia - answerInability to identify body parts on self
Praxis - answerability to perform a motor activity
Dyspraxia - answer-Decreased ability to perform voluntary movement
-caused by deep frontal lobe lesion
Constructional apraxia - answer-Unable to draw simple designs such as shapes
- caused by a posterior parietal lobe lesion
Retinal detachment - answer-two layers of the retina separate from each other
-ACUTE painless visual loss
Compression of the optic nerve - answerPainless loss of vision over a period of time
Amaurosis fugax - answertransient visual loss lasting up to 3 minutes, a feature of
internal carotid artery disease or other embolic disease
Migraine - answer-Transient episodes of visual loss possible before the development of
headaches
-Biphasic type of headache associated with a prodromal phase (aura) followed by the
headache phase
- Headache is usually unilateral and described as pulsating, can last hours to days
-Triggered by stress, anxiety, birth control pills, hormonal changes, ingestion of certain
foods, hunger; often a family history
Hemiplegia & gait - answer-Paralysis of one side of the body
-Drag or circumduction a weak and spastic leg
Parkinson's disease & gait - answer-a brain disorder that leads to shaking, stiffness, and
difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination
