CDE Exam Study Guide Exam (2025) UPDATE
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(Symlin) 1) slows the rate of digestion from stomach to
intestines 2) lowers the amount of glucose produced
Pramlintide
by the liver 3) triggers the feeling of fullness after
eating.
Reduce mealtime insulin by 50%, then initiate at 15mcg
immediately prior to meals. Then increase to 30, 45, or
Pramlintide Dosing
60mcg when no clinically significant nausea has
occurred for at least 3 days.
Can't be mixed with insulins
May delay absorption of co-administered oral meds
(take those 1hr prior or 2hr after Symlin)
Pramlintide
Not used for pts on anticholinergics or others that will
Contraindications/Consid
slow gastric emptying
erations
Cannot be used in pts with confirmed gastroparesis
Increased risk of hypoglycemia with ACE-I, MAOI,
Fluoxetine, and sulfa abx.
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, 10/9/25, 9:19 AM CDE Exam Study Guide Exam (2025) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | With 100% Correct Answers graded A+ Guarante…
LDL: 100-129
Target Cholesterol Levels
Total: 200-239
for High-Risk patients
HDL: >40
What are HGM-CoA Statins
Reductase Inhibitors?
Fed state - 0-3.8hr
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 1
Insulin inhibits breakdown of glycogen and TG
reservoirs
Post-Absorptive State - 4-15.9hr
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 2
Insulin levels decrease, glucagon levels rise
Early Starvation State - 16-47.9hr
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 3 Lactate makes up half of gluconeogenic substrate.
Insulin is suppressed and counter-regulatory
hormones are stimulated.
Preliminary Prolonged Starvation State (48hr - 23.9
days)
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 4 BG comes from hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis.
Insulin is markedly suppressed by 60hr, and glucagon,
cortisol, growth hormone, and epinephrine are
stimulated.
Secondary Prolonged Starvation State (24-40 days)
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 5 BG originates from hepatic/renal gluconeogenesis
still, but rate of glucose use by brain diminishes and
rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis slows.
Men: >40in
Central Obesity Waist Size
Women: >30in
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