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HRPYC81 Assignment 61 Explain how you will use one of the modern neuroimaging technologies to investigate age-related changes in memory.

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Memory is one of our fundamental activities and it is only when it fails us that we start to think about it. To store information for recall, sensory data needs to transform into a form of mental representation. The retrieval of this information relies on the successful encoding and storage in the long-term memory, but how exactly does remembering work? Where is memory stored? What structures are involved in encoding and retrieval? Many early attempts to answer these questions and to localize memory were unsuccessful. There are many techniques that have been developed to reveal structures of the brain and to help clarify the nature of memory. Neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that multiple structures of the brain are involved in the encoding and retrieval of memory. Memory is not stored in one specific place because multiple parts of the brain is involved to process sensory information to form a memory of an event. Imagine having to play a guitar performance for a crowd. The sound of the music (auditory cortex), the feeling of the strings under your fingers (postural cortex), recognizing your friend in the audience (fusiform gyrus), and the pain you experience of having stage fright (amygdala) all form part of the medial temporal lobe that is responsible for holding all these elements together (The mind, explained: Episode 1 , 2019). The medial temporal lobe includes an important structure that is known as the hippocampus. Evidence from PET and fMRI scans during studies have found that damage of these structures, is responsible for memory loss. These neuroimaging techniques take still images of structures in the brain and includes computed tomography (CT), functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). The major goal of research that is currently done is to study the localization of function that specify areas of the brain that control specific skills of behaviours. A further explanation on the advantages and limitations of each technique and what it measures are expanded in this document. It will also cover recent studies and findings on memory loss using the abovementioned techniques and which one I would choose for my research in age related memory loss.

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Research Report

HRPYC81




Project 4813


Assignment 61


Unique number: 608140


Due date: 22 June 2020




Prepared by Monique Naude


Student number: 56381271

, Contents



Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 3

Computed Tomography (CT) ........................................................................................................................ 3

The advantages of the technique .............................................................................................................. 4

The limitations of the technique ................................................................................................................. 4

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) .......................................................................................... 4

The advantages of the technique .............................................................................................................. 5

The limitations of the technique ................................................................................................................. 6

Positron Emission Tomography PET ............................................................................................................ 6

The advantages of the technique .............................................................................................................. 7

The limitations of the technique ................................................................................................................. 7

The stance of neuro imaging studies done in the last 5 years and how effective each technique is in the

investigation of age-related memory loss. ..................................................................................................... 7

Considering functional MRI for my research study. ..................................................................................... 10

Sampling and data collection .................................................................................................................. 10

The visuospatial sketchpad ..................................................................................................................... 10

Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................. 11

Bibliography................................................................................................................................................ 12




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BA Psychology Degree & Honors Assignments, notes and exam summaries

Assignments, notes and exam summaries for BA Psychology and counselling for the following modules. Honors HMPYC80, HRPYC81, PYC 4802, PYC4805, PYC4807, PYC4808, PYC4809, PYC4814

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