IAAP CPACC - DOMAIN 1 - DISABILITIES, CHALLENGES
AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES EXAM WITH ALL
CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY
GRADED A+
What is the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disability as a biological
impairment caused by a medically-diagnosed genetic disorder, disease, trauma, or other health
condition; tries to solve disability with a medical treatment or cure
What model of disability does the legal definition often rely on? ✔Correct Answer-The medical
model
What are the strengths of the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It explicitly
acknowledges that there is a biological condition that can place an individual at a disadvantage; if a
person has a medical diagnosis, it could give them access to services.
What are the weaknesses of the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It treats disability
as a problem or inherent characteristic of the person; it ignores the broader sociopolitical constraints
and issues with the environment; there is a danger that the definitions might be too narrow and too
exclusive for some people with disabilities.
What is the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-A direct response to the medical model, it
frames disability as a problem with society, which contains environmental, social, and organizational
barriers to those with disabilities.
What are the strengths of the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-The focus on issues in
the environment and society makes it clear that barriers aren't inevitable; it looks at how society can
improve
What are the weaknesses of the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It can de-emphasize
the physical reality of a disability too much
What is the biopsychosocial model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It recognizes that disability is a
complex and multi-faceted concept and includes the biological, individual, and social aspects of
disability.
What is the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disabilities from the
perspective of the economic impact of the disability on individuals, employers, the state, and welfare
programs.
What are the strengths of the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It recognizes the
effect of bodily limitations on a person's ability to work, and that there may be a need for economic
support and/or accommodations
What are the weaknesses of the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It creates a
legally defined category of people who are needy, which is stigmatizing; it requires people to meet a
legal threshold
, What is the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disability as a
problem to be solved by inventing new solutions
What are the strengths of the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Results-
focused; trying to provide solutions to challenges and come up with new, innovative ideas
What are the weaknesses of the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Treats
disability as a problem to solve but the solution might not be practical or useful; often ignores
socioeconomic factors
What is the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Refers to a
sense of driving personal identity from membership within a group (example: Deaf community)
What are the strengths of the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct
Answer-Self-acceptance and empowerment, can be a point of pride
What are the weaknesses of the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct
Answer-It can exclude those who don't fit within the group's expectations
What is the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Regards those with disabilities
as unfortunate and in need of assistance, and those who give charity are seen as benevolent
What are the strengths of the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It inspires
people to contribute their time and/or resources
What are the weaknesses of the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It is
condescending, and those with disabilities may come to resent being an object of pity; it often
focuses on short term needs and not long term solutions
What are some examples of visual disabilities? ✔Correct Answer-blindness, low vision, color
blindness
What are some barriers for those with visual disabilities? ✔Correct Answer-Print items that don't
have digital or braille versions; Speakers who do not provide visual details; Images and other
elements without alt text; Unresizeable text, graphics, and page layouts; Missing orientation cues,
page structure, and other navigational help; Video without text, audio, or audio description; Overly
difficult navigation and page functions; Insufficient color contrast; lack of keyboard functionality
What are some assistive technologies or adaptive strategies for those with visual disabilities?
✔Correct Answer-White canes / Service animals / Braille text, labels, signage (not everyone who is
blind knows how to read braille) / Large print / Tactile markers, controls, models / Navigation apps /
Raised tiles to indicate edges, pathways, stairs, etc / Apps that can identify and describe objects,
recognize and announce colors, read the value of money / Virtual payment systems / Screen readers
(speech-to-text technology that reads interfaces and content out loud or outputs it to braille) /
Screen magnifiers / Refreshable braille displays / Speech input and voice output / Gesture input /
Haptic feedback / Audio descriptions / High contrast for digital content and signs / Glasses with
lenses that improve color vision discrimination / Filtered overlays for printed text / Color and color
contrast adjusting software / Screen filters
AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES EXAM WITH ALL
CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY
GRADED A+
What is the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disability as a biological
impairment caused by a medically-diagnosed genetic disorder, disease, trauma, or other health
condition; tries to solve disability with a medical treatment or cure
What model of disability does the legal definition often rely on? ✔Correct Answer-The medical
model
What are the strengths of the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It explicitly
acknowledges that there is a biological condition that can place an individual at a disadvantage; if a
person has a medical diagnosis, it could give them access to services.
What are the weaknesses of the medical model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It treats disability
as a problem or inherent characteristic of the person; it ignores the broader sociopolitical constraints
and issues with the environment; there is a danger that the definitions might be too narrow and too
exclusive for some people with disabilities.
What is the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-A direct response to the medical model, it
frames disability as a problem with society, which contains environmental, social, and organizational
barriers to those with disabilities.
What are the strengths of the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-The focus on issues in
the environment and society makes it clear that barriers aren't inevitable; it looks at how society can
improve
What are the weaknesses of the social model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It can de-emphasize
the physical reality of a disability too much
What is the biopsychosocial model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It recognizes that disability is a
complex and multi-faceted concept and includes the biological, individual, and social aspects of
disability.
What is the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disabilities from the
perspective of the economic impact of the disability on individuals, employers, the state, and welfare
programs.
What are the strengths of the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It recognizes the
effect of bodily limitations on a person's ability to work, and that there may be a need for economic
support and/or accommodations
What are the weaknesses of the economic model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It creates a
legally defined category of people who are needy, which is stigmatizing; it requires people to meet a
legal threshold
, What is the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Views disability as a
problem to be solved by inventing new solutions
What are the strengths of the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Results-
focused; trying to provide solutions to challenges and come up with new, innovative ideas
What are the weaknesses of the functional solutions model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Treats
disability as a problem to solve but the solution might not be practical or useful; often ignores
socioeconomic factors
What is the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Refers to a
sense of driving personal identity from membership within a group (example: Deaf community)
What are the strengths of the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct
Answer-Self-acceptance and empowerment, can be a point of pride
What are the weaknesses of the social identity or cultural affiliation model of disability? ✔Correct
Answer-It can exclude those who don't fit within the group's expectations
What is the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-Regards those with disabilities
as unfortunate and in need of assistance, and those who give charity are seen as benevolent
What are the strengths of the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It inspires
people to contribute their time and/or resources
What are the weaknesses of the charity or tragedy model of disability? ✔Correct Answer-It is
condescending, and those with disabilities may come to resent being an object of pity; it often
focuses on short term needs and not long term solutions
What are some examples of visual disabilities? ✔Correct Answer-blindness, low vision, color
blindness
What are some barriers for those with visual disabilities? ✔Correct Answer-Print items that don't
have digital or braille versions; Speakers who do not provide visual details; Images and other
elements without alt text; Unresizeable text, graphics, and page layouts; Missing orientation cues,
page structure, and other navigational help; Video without text, audio, or audio description; Overly
difficult navigation and page functions; Insufficient color contrast; lack of keyboard functionality
What are some assistive technologies or adaptive strategies for those with visual disabilities?
✔Correct Answer-White canes / Service animals / Braille text, labels, signage (not everyone who is
blind knows how to read braille) / Large print / Tactile markers, controls, models / Navigation apps /
Raised tiles to indicate edges, pathways, stairs, etc / Apps that can identify and describe objects,
recognize and announce colors, read the value of money / Virtual payment systems / Screen readers
(speech-to-text technology that reads interfaces and content out loud or outputs it to braille) /
Screen magnifiers / Refreshable braille displays / Speech input and voice output / Gesture input /
Haptic feedback / Audio descriptions / High contrast for digital content and signs / Glasses with
lenses that improve color vision discrimination / Filtered overlays for printed text / Color and color
contrast adjusting software / Screen filters
