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What should be used to determine ischemic threshold from a
max exercise test
terminated due to ischemic symptoms? - ANSWER-RPP - it
is a repeatable
estimate of ischemic threshold and more reliable than
external workload
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR): High Risk - ANSWER-- Young
Men: > 0.95
- Young Women: >
0.86
- Men (60-69): >1.03
- Women (60-69): 0.9
How does exercise effect diabetes? - ANSWER-- improves
blood glucose control
- facilitates muscle glucose uptake
- improves insulin sensitivity
- aids in glucose homeostasis
- decreases blood glucose for 24-72 hr post ex
- can result in daily decrease of meds
,Low Risk Stratification for Patients with CV disease - ANSWER--
Absence of complex ventricular dysrhythmias during exercise
testing/recovery or rest
- Absence of angina or other significant symptoms
- Presence of normal hemodynamic response
- functional capacity >7 MET's
- Resting EF ≥ 55%
- Uncomplicated MI or revascularization procedure
- absence of congestive heart failure
- absence of clinical depression
How do anti-hyperglycemic meds work? - ANSWER-- promote
muscle glucose
uptake and inhibit hepatic
glucose output
Oral diabetic meds / antihyperglycemic - ANSWER-- beta
cell stimulant to
enhance insulin
release
- increase insulin sensitivity in muscle tissue, adipose
tissue and live.
How does insulin work? - ANSWER-Type 1 DM requires
daily injection to
facilitate glucose uptake and control blood
glucose levels
,What is HbA1c - ANSWER-Assesses plasma glucose
concentration through
glycated
hemoglobin
- % of glucose on
RBC's
- <7% time averaged blood glucose concentration
over 2-3 months
Physiologic response to exercise for diabetes - ANSWER--
improves insulin
sensitivity
- facilitates glucose
uptake
- aids in glucose
homeostasis
- decreases blood glucose for 24-72 hours
post exercise
- can result in decrease of daily
medication
FIIT RT: pulmonary disease - ANSWER-F: 2-3 nonconsecutive
d*wk
I: 60-70% 1RM or
Moderate = 5-6/10
High: 7-8/10
T: 8-12 reps
8-10 exercises
2-3 sets
, T: 2-3 large muscle groups
Why should pts with lung disease strength train? - ANSWER--
Atrophy is common in pts with COPD
- Myopathies in skeletal muscle attribute to systemic
inflammation, oxidative stress, blood gas abnormalities
- increase use of corticosteroids have been linked to
skeletal muscle dysfunction
SaO2 response with exercise - ANSWER-Should remain >88%
What can happen if ventilatory muscle fatigue occurs for pts
with lung disease?
- ANSWER-Can ensue
ventilatory failure
Why is it not recommended to use HRR to determine exercise
intensity for pts with pulmonary disease? - ANSWER-Pt with
chronic lung disease tend to have elevated resting HR
How to build rapport with patients - ANSWER-- open ended
questions: allows the patient to establish what is important to
them and gives the professional info that can be used as
leverage to begin change.
- interest and empathy
- active listening
- reflective / summarizing statements