INS 3003 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Democracy - Answer -government by the people; a form of government in which the
supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their
elected agents under a free electoral system.
John Mearsheimer cold war predictions - Answer -Predicted that bipolarity would result
in a violent power transition, and that multi-polarity resulted in there being too many
variables.
Samuel Huntington cold war predictions - Answer -The clash of civilizations, saw the
world as problematic and could face conflict.
Francis Fukuyama - Answer -the collapse of communism signaled the end of history,
and would usher an age of democratization and prosperity
"three waves" of democratization - Answer -are time periods in which democracy
spread over large parts of the world. The first wave led by the US gaining
independence. second wave occurs after the allied victory in WWII and the third wave is
characterized by the end of the cold war
End of History - Answer -the idea that a political, economic or social system has
developed to such an extent that it represents the culmination of the evolutionary
process
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel - Answer -three components to mankind-
survival
ability to reason
natural "spiritedness" that derives from reason
Challenges to Fukayama's approach - Answer -the story of the west
capitalism has flaws
no new ideologies.
Modernization theory - Answer -A theory asserting that as societies developed, they
would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism
Immanuel Kant "towards perpetual peace" - Answer -Democratic stability theory
Drops the cause and effect relationship
Wealth doesn't cause democracy. But it does help democracies achieve greater stability
Perpetual peace - Answer -When citizens get to choose, they will choose peace and
reject war
In democracy- the citizen is the primary stakeholder
, 3 points from Clinton's speech - Answer -Democracies don't fight each other
Democracy solves the security dilemma created by anarchy
Democracies prefer each other in trade and diplomacy
Alexander wendt - Answer -illustrates the social construction of reality with his example
that 500 British nuclear weapons are less threatening to the people of the US than 5
North Korean nuclear missiles
How can we explain the correlation between a decline in warfare and increasing
democratization - Answer -Democratic culture
Audience cost
Globalizaton - Answer -the increasing sale, extent, variety, speed and magnitude of
international cross-border social, economic, military, political & cultural interrelations
globalization 1.0 - Answer -Age of mercantilism and colonialism (1492-1800)
Countries want to gain wealth and power = exports - imports
Shrank the world from large to medium
Our perception of the world changed. Not as unreachable
globalization 2.0 - Answer -Globalization 2.0
Pax britannica (1800-WW2)
Global markets, multicultural trading, MNCs (British East India Company (BEIC)
Shrank the world from medium to small
Perception - communication & interaction became much more common and frequent.
World more accessible
globalization 3.0 - Answer -Pax Americana (WW2-Now)
Age of the internet
Individuals can do what only banks or MNCs could do previously
Shrank the world from small to tiny
Very accessible, can talk to someone in another country
2022: US GDP- 25.035 Trillion
World GDP 103.86 Trillion
Steady increase in GDP per capita
Global trade- global economy- interconnectedness
Trade - Answer -Aspects of trade and terms (David Riccardo)
Ability to produce goods at lowest cost
Efficiency
Specialization
Free trade
Trade Dependency - Answer -the higher the share of GDP, the greater the dependency
Risk of trade - Answer -Vulnerability
Democracy - Answer -government by the people; a form of government in which the
supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their
elected agents under a free electoral system.
John Mearsheimer cold war predictions - Answer -Predicted that bipolarity would result
in a violent power transition, and that multi-polarity resulted in there being too many
variables.
Samuel Huntington cold war predictions - Answer -The clash of civilizations, saw the
world as problematic and could face conflict.
Francis Fukuyama - Answer -the collapse of communism signaled the end of history,
and would usher an age of democratization and prosperity
"three waves" of democratization - Answer -are time periods in which democracy
spread over large parts of the world. The first wave led by the US gaining
independence. second wave occurs after the allied victory in WWII and the third wave is
characterized by the end of the cold war
End of History - Answer -the idea that a political, economic or social system has
developed to such an extent that it represents the culmination of the evolutionary
process
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel - Answer -three components to mankind-
survival
ability to reason
natural "spiritedness" that derives from reason
Challenges to Fukayama's approach - Answer -the story of the west
capitalism has flaws
no new ideologies.
Modernization theory - Answer -A theory asserting that as societies developed, they
would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism
Immanuel Kant "towards perpetual peace" - Answer -Democratic stability theory
Drops the cause and effect relationship
Wealth doesn't cause democracy. But it does help democracies achieve greater stability
Perpetual peace - Answer -When citizens get to choose, they will choose peace and
reject war
In democracy- the citizen is the primary stakeholder
, 3 points from Clinton's speech - Answer -Democracies don't fight each other
Democracy solves the security dilemma created by anarchy
Democracies prefer each other in trade and diplomacy
Alexander wendt - Answer -illustrates the social construction of reality with his example
that 500 British nuclear weapons are less threatening to the people of the US than 5
North Korean nuclear missiles
How can we explain the correlation between a decline in warfare and increasing
democratization - Answer -Democratic culture
Audience cost
Globalizaton - Answer -the increasing sale, extent, variety, speed and magnitude of
international cross-border social, economic, military, political & cultural interrelations
globalization 1.0 - Answer -Age of mercantilism and colonialism (1492-1800)
Countries want to gain wealth and power = exports - imports
Shrank the world from large to medium
Our perception of the world changed. Not as unreachable
globalization 2.0 - Answer -Globalization 2.0
Pax britannica (1800-WW2)
Global markets, multicultural trading, MNCs (British East India Company (BEIC)
Shrank the world from medium to small
Perception - communication & interaction became much more common and frequent.
World more accessible
globalization 3.0 - Answer -Pax Americana (WW2-Now)
Age of the internet
Individuals can do what only banks or MNCs could do previously
Shrank the world from small to tiny
Very accessible, can talk to someone in another country
2022: US GDP- 25.035 Trillion
World GDP 103.86 Trillion
Steady increase in GDP per capita
Global trade- global economy- interconnectedness
Trade - Answer -Aspects of trade and terms (David Riccardo)
Ability to produce goods at lowest cost
Efficiency
Specialization
Free trade
Trade Dependency - Answer -the higher the share of GDP, the greater the dependency
Risk of trade - Answer -Vulnerability
