NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST
BANK COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ALREADY GRADED A+
1. It is true that a eukaryotic cell:
○ Is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
○ Contains structures called organelles.
○ Lacks a well-defined nucleus.
○ Does not contain histones.
Eukaryotes are large, have membrane-bound intracellular compartments called
organelles, has a well defined nucleus, and have histones.
2. The function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular:
○ Division
○ Movement
○ Activities
○ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding
, These proteins bind DNA and are involved in supercoiling of DNA.
3. An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is
referred to as a/an:
○ Golgi complex
○ Mitochondrion
○ Endoplasmic reticulum
○ Nucleolus
Organelle found in large numbers and is responsible for cellular respiration and
energy production. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that codes for enzymes
needed for oxidative phosphorylation.
4. Which statement best describes a desmosome?
○ A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
○ Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
○ A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
○ Desmosomes function as a zona occludens.
Desmosomes hold cells together by forming either continuous bands or belts of
epithelial sheets or button-like points of contact. Desmosomes also act as a system
of braces to maintain structural stability.
5. Which statement describes the function of a second messenger?
○ Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors
○ Intracellular enzyme that once will trigger a cascade of intracellular events
○ Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell
membrane
,○ Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal
, Transferring signal to an intracellular messenger, which in turn triggers a cascade
of biochemical events within the cell. Second messengers are generated in large
numbers when the membrane-bound enzyme is activated, and they then rapidly
diffuse away from their source, broadcasting the signal throughout the cell.
6. Which statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
○ Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
○ Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP).
○ Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
○ Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by
which the energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred
to ATP.
7. Movement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration is called:
○ Diffusion
○ Filtration
○ Osmosis
○ Hydrostatic pressure
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute
concentration to an area of lesser solute concentration. Filtration is the movement
of water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure
on one side of the membrane than on the other side. Hydrostatic pressure is the
mechanical force of water against cellular membranes. Osmosis is the movement
of water “down” a concentration gradient, across a semipermeable membrane
from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water
concentration.
8. Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
○ Anabolism
○ Catabolism
○ Substrate-induced reaction
○ Second messenger system
BANK COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ALREADY GRADED A+
1. It is true that a eukaryotic cell:
○ Is smaller than a prokaryotic cell.
○ Contains structures called organelles.
○ Lacks a well-defined nucleus.
○ Does not contain histones.
Eukaryotes are large, have membrane-bound intracellular compartments called
organelles, has a well defined nucleus, and have histones.
2. The function of a histone found in a eukaryote cell focuses on cellular:
○ Division
○ Movement
○ Activities
○ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) folding
, These proteins bind DNA and are involved in supercoiling of DNA.
3. An organelle that is responsible for the metabolism of cellular energy is
referred to as a/an:
○ Golgi complex
○ Mitochondrion
○ Endoplasmic reticulum
○ Nucleolus
Organelle found in large numbers and is responsible for cellular respiration and
energy production. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that codes for enzymes
needed for oxidative phosphorylation.
4. Which statement best describes a desmosome?
○ A desmosome is a barrier to diffusion.
○ Desmosomes hold cells together by continuous bands.
○ A desmosome is a communicating tunnel.
○ Desmosomes function as a zona occludens.
Desmosomes hold cells together by forming either continuous bands or belts of
epithelial sheets or button-like points of contact. Desmosomes also act as a system
of braces to maintain structural stability.
5. Which statement describes the function of a second messenger?
○ Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors
○ Intracellular enzyme that once will trigger a cascade of intracellular events
○ Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell
membrane
,○ Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal
, Transferring signal to an intracellular messenger, which in turn triggers a cascade
of biochemical events within the cell. Second messengers are generated in large
numbers when the membrane-bound enzyme is activated, and they then rapidly
diffuse away from their source, broadcasting the signal throughout the cell.
6. Which statement is correct regarding cellular energy?
○ Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
○ Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP).
○ Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
○ Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by
which the energy produced from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred
to ATP.
7. Movement of a solute molecule from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration is called:
○ Diffusion
○ Filtration
○ Osmosis
○ Hydrostatic pressure
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute
concentration to an area of lesser solute concentration. Filtration is the movement
of water and solutes through a membrane because of a greater pushing pressure
on one side of the membrane than on the other side. Hydrostatic pressure is the
mechanical force of water against cellular membranes. Osmosis is the movement
of water “down” a concentration gradient, across a semipermeable membrane
from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water
concentration.
8. Which of the following is an example of an energy-releasing process?
○ Anabolism
○ Catabolism
○ Substrate-induced reaction
○ Second messenger system
