COM 300 EXAM 1 WITH ALL CORRECT & 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ACTUAL COMPLETE EXAM|
ALREADY GRADED A+
Communication ✔Correct Answer-The process by which one person stimulates meaning in the
mind(s) of another person (or persons) through verbal and nonverbal messages.
How does science differ from other forms of knowing? ✔Correct Answer-Science is objective and
systematic.
Idiosyncratic Influences ✔Correct Answer-Individual ways of looking at things in which one person
differs from others.
Ex. Inaccurate observations, overgeneralization/stereotyping.
Claims of Scientific Knowledge ✔Correct Answer-• Depend on empirical verification (evidence to
support claim)
• Are "value free": not about what is good or bad, but about what is
• Are derived from explicit methods so others can replicate findings; must be clear to replicate
• Are cumulative; should build upon one another
• Are in principle falsifiable; could be shown to be false
Purposes/Goals of Science ✔Correct Answer-• Description: "Can we accurately describe the
world?"
• Prediction: "Can we accurately predict an election/survey/etc.?"
• Explanation: "Can we accurately explain why things happen?"
• Control: "Can we accurately take what we know and apply it in other areas?"
Scientific Method ✔Correct Answer-A systematic/scientific approach to begin solving a problem.
1.) Question
2.) Research
3.) Hypothesis
4.) Experiment
5.) Analysis
6.) Conclusion
Theory ✔Correct Answer-A set of systematically related statements about relationships among
concepts, with the purpose of explaining some phenomenon. (Aims to explain something.)
Concept ✔Correct Answer-An abstraction that describes a portion of reality.
Variable ✔Correct Answer-Things (attitudes, characteristics, behaviors) that changes form unit to
unit (person, social group, unit of content). Can be observed and measured.
Hypothesis ✔Correct Answer-A statement about the relationships between variables. Less abstract
than a theory. Meant to be tested.
Properties of Good Theories ✔Correct Answer-• Falsifiable
• Supported by evidence
, • General
• Simple
Why do we need theories when conducting research? ✔Correct Answer-• Explains phenomena
• Guides us to interesting questions
• Integrates different empirical findings
• Tells us when a relationship holds and when it doesn't
The 7 Steps of Critically Evaluating Research ✔Correct Answer-1.) What is the source of research or
funding?
2.) What was the nature of the contact between the researcher and the participants?
3.) Who were the individuals studied & How were they selected?
4.) What was the exact nature of measurements or survey questions asked?
5.) What was the setting in which measurements were taken?
6.) What are the differences in groups being compared in addition to the factor of interest?
7.) What is the size of reported effects?
Data Accuracy ✔Correct Answer-Whether the data values stored for an object are the correct
values.
Data Sharing ✔Correct Answer-Occurs when other researchers ask to see data.
Duplicate Data Publication ✔Correct Answer-Publishing the same set of data in two different
research publications.
Post Hypothesis Revision ✔Correct Answer-Involves the revising of hypotheses once an individual
receives her or his results.
Participant Identity Disclosures ✔Correct Answer-Involves protecting participants' identities;
researchers must make sure that the information obtained from participants is protected.
Authorship Credit ✔Correct Answer-The notion that ethical researchers give credit where credit is
due.
Plagiarism ✔Correct Answer-Occurs any time a write does not properly cite or give credit to any
source of information.
Postive Variable ✔Correct Answer-A relationship between two variables in which both variables
move in tandem. A positive correlation exists when one variable decreases as the other variable
decreases, or one variable increases while the other increases.
Negative Variable ✔Correct Answer-Two variables in which one variable increases as the other
decreases, and vice versa. In statistics, a perfect negative correlation is represented by the value -
1.00, while a 0.00 indicates no correlation and a +1.00 indicates a perfect positive correlation.
Neutral Variable ✔Correct Answer-neutral
Independent Variable ✔Correct Answer-A variable that stands alone and isn't changed by other
variables that are measured.
Dependent Variable ✔Correct Answer-A variable that depends on other factors
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ACTUAL COMPLETE EXAM|
ALREADY GRADED A+
Communication ✔Correct Answer-The process by which one person stimulates meaning in the
mind(s) of another person (or persons) through verbal and nonverbal messages.
How does science differ from other forms of knowing? ✔Correct Answer-Science is objective and
systematic.
Idiosyncratic Influences ✔Correct Answer-Individual ways of looking at things in which one person
differs from others.
Ex. Inaccurate observations, overgeneralization/stereotyping.
Claims of Scientific Knowledge ✔Correct Answer-• Depend on empirical verification (evidence to
support claim)
• Are "value free": not about what is good or bad, but about what is
• Are derived from explicit methods so others can replicate findings; must be clear to replicate
• Are cumulative; should build upon one another
• Are in principle falsifiable; could be shown to be false
Purposes/Goals of Science ✔Correct Answer-• Description: "Can we accurately describe the
world?"
• Prediction: "Can we accurately predict an election/survey/etc.?"
• Explanation: "Can we accurately explain why things happen?"
• Control: "Can we accurately take what we know and apply it in other areas?"
Scientific Method ✔Correct Answer-A systematic/scientific approach to begin solving a problem.
1.) Question
2.) Research
3.) Hypothesis
4.) Experiment
5.) Analysis
6.) Conclusion
Theory ✔Correct Answer-A set of systematically related statements about relationships among
concepts, with the purpose of explaining some phenomenon. (Aims to explain something.)
Concept ✔Correct Answer-An abstraction that describes a portion of reality.
Variable ✔Correct Answer-Things (attitudes, characteristics, behaviors) that changes form unit to
unit (person, social group, unit of content). Can be observed and measured.
Hypothesis ✔Correct Answer-A statement about the relationships between variables. Less abstract
than a theory. Meant to be tested.
Properties of Good Theories ✔Correct Answer-• Falsifiable
• Supported by evidence
, • General
• Simple
Why do we need theories when conducting research? ✔Correct Answer-• Explains phenomena
• Guides us to interesting questions
• Integrates different empirical findings
• Tells us when a relationship holds and when it doesn't
The 7 Steps of Critically Evaluating Research ✔Correct Answer-1.) What is the source of research or
funding?
2.) What was the nature of the contact between the researcher and the participants?
3.) Who were the individuals studied & How were they selected?
4.) What was the exact nature of measurements or survey questions asked?
5.) What was the setting in which measurements were taken?
6.) What are the differences in groups being compared in addition to the factor of interest?
7.) What is the size of reported effects?
Data Accuracy ✔Correct Answer-Whether the data values stored for an object are the correct
values.
Data Sharing ✔Correct Answer-Occurs when other researchers ask to see data.
Duplicate Data Publication ✔Correct Answer-Publishing the same set of data in two different
research publications.
Post Hypothesis Revision ✔Correct Answer-Involves the revising of hypotheses once an individual
receives her or his results.
Participant Identity Disclosures ✔Correct Answer-Involves protecting participants' identities;
researchers must make sure that the information obtained from participants is protected.
Authorship Credit ✔Correct Answer-The notion that ethical researchers give credit where credit is
due.
Plagiarism ✔Correct Answer-Occurs any time a write does not properly cite or give credit to any
source of information.
Postive Variable ✔Correct Answer-A relationship between two variables in which both variables
move in tandem. A positive correlation exists when one variable decreases as the other variable
decreases, or one variable increases while the other increases.
Negative Variable ✔Correct Answer-Two variables in which one variable increases as the other
decreases, and vice versa. In statistics, a perfect negative correlation is represented by the value -
1.00, while a 0.00 indicates no correlation and a +1.00 indicates a perfect positive correlation.
Neutral Variable ✔Correct Answer-neutral
Independent Variable ✔Correct Answer-A variable that stands alone and isn't changed by other
variables that are measured.
Dependent Variable ✔Correct Answer-A variable that depends on other factors
