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Firefighter Hydraulics – CDC Pumper Exam (2025/2026) | 97 Verified Questions | Water Pressure, Nozzles, Friction Loss

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This expertly curated document features 97 verified and graded questions with answers from the CDC – Pumper 2025/2026 exam, focusing on essential firefighter knowledge areas including water supply principles, nozzle types, pressure calculations, fire stream behavior, and hydraulic operations. It provides in-depth explanations and accurate formulas for determining Pump Discharge Pressure (PDP), Total Pressure Loss (TPL), Friction Loss (FL), and Elevation Pressure (EP) across various hose layouts and firefighting scenarios. Topics also include fog and solid stream nozzle mechanics, standpipe operations, flowmeter usage, Q method shortcuts, and the law of latent and specific heat—all key to efficient fireground strategy. This material is suitable for: Firefighter I & II certification students Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator and Pumper Operator candidates Public Safety and Emergency Services students NFPA-aligned fire academy trainees Current firefighters preparing for promotional exams or CDC evaluations Structured for high exam performance, this guide supports learners at all stages of their fire service education and is especially helpful for visualizing pressure dynamics and stream application in real-life operations. Keywords: fire hydraulics, CDC pumper exam, firefighter exam 2025, nozzle pressure, GPM, friction loss, pump discharge pressure, total pressure loss, elevation pressure, solid stream, fog stream, master stream, fire stream tactics, standpipe systems, fire academy test, driver operator training

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FIRE APPARATUS DRIVER/OPERATOR - PUMPER
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Uploaded on
October 7, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2025/2026
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CDC – Pumper 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+



One gallon of water weighs - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔8.33 lbs


Water freezes at


Water boils at - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔32 F


212 F


Water s an expansion ratio of - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1,700:1 at 500 F


Law of Specific Heat


Specific Heat is measured in - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Measures the ability of any

substance to absorb heat.

British Thermal Units (BTUs)

,Law of Latent Heat of Vaporization - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The amount of heat

needed to turn a liquid into a vapor.

Water absorbs 970 additional BTUs going from 212 F to steam - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔Law of Latent Heat of Vaporization


A water stream discharging at this GPM and in a STRAIGHT stream is

converted to steam by a 500 F and can fill a room 96x50x10 ft in - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔9 minutes


A water stream discharging at this GPM and in a NARROW FOG stream is

converted to steam by a 500 F and can fill a room 96x50x10 ft in - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔6 minutes


A water stream discharging at this GPM and in a WIDE FOG stream is

converted to steam by a 500 F and can fill a room 96x50x10 ft in - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔1 1/2 minutes


Water pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The force of water per unit area.


Water pressure is typically referred to in - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pounds per

square inch (PSI)


A column of water 1"x1"x12" high exerts - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔0.434 psi

, What determines the psi of a column? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Height


Six characteristics of pressure as it applies to water?


BEDPAD - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bottom


Equal

Depth

Perpendicular

All

Density

BEDPAD


Bottom - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Given two containers of water of equal height, the

pressure at the BOTTOM of each container is independent of the shape of

the liquid container above it.

BEDPAD


Equal - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The pressure transmitted to a confined amount of

water is transmitted equally in all direction.

BEDPAD



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