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research on the impact of inclusive education regarding the impact of inclusion on the
placements on the academic and social performance academic and social performance students with
of elementary and/or secondary level students with disabilities?
disabilities, respectively.
1.10 Learn more about the impact of inclusion by How did being in an inclusive school impact this
reading about the reactions of a secondary student student’s academic, social, and behavioral
with a disability to being in an inclusive school. progress and self-esteem?
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1.11 View this video to learn more about the experiences How did being in an inclusive school impact this
of elementary students with disabilities in inclusive student’s academic, social, and behavioral
classrooms. progress and self-esteem?
1.12 Read the document to learn more about the research What are the implications of this research for
on the impact of inclusive education placements on creating your inclusive classroom?
the academic and social performance of elementary
and/or secondary level students without disabilities,
respectively.
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Chapter Outline
Marie and Mary (Chapter-opening vignette)
I. Special Education
A. Individualized assessment and planning
B. Specialized instruction
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C. Intensive instruction
D. Goal-directed instruction
E. Evidence-based instructional practices
F. Collaborative partnerships
G. Student performance evaluation
II. Inclusion
III. Principles of Effective Inclusion
A. Principle 1: All Learners and Equal Access
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B. Principle 2: Individual Strengths and Challenges and Diversity
C. Principle 3: Reflective, Universally-Designed, Culturally-Responsive, Evidenced-Based, and
Differentiated Practices
D. Principle 4: Community and Collaboration
IV. Mainstreaming
V. Least Restrictive Environment
A. Continuum of Educational Placements
1. General Education Classroom Placement with Few or No Supportive Services
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2. General Education Classroom Placement with Collaborative Teacher Assistance
3. General Education Classroom Placement with Itinerant Specialist Assistance
4. General Education Classroom Placement with Resource Room Assistance
5. Special Education Classroom Placement with Part Time in the General Education Classroom
6. Full-Time Special Education Classroom
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7. Special Day School
8. Residential School
9. Homebound Instruction
10. Hospital or Institution
VI. Factors Contributing to Inclusion
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A. Normalization
B. Early Intervention and Early Childhood Programs
C. Civil Rights Movement and Resulting Court Cases
D. Advocacy Groups
E. Segregated Nature of Special Schools and Classes
F. Disproportionate Representation
G. Standards-Based Education Initiatives
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