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1. Who is considered the “father of psychology”?
a) John Watson
b) Sigmund Freud
c) Wilhelm Wundt
d) B.F. Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879,
marking the formal beginning of psychology as a science.
2. Which perspective focuses on unconscious drives and conflicts?
a) Humanistic
b) Psychodynamic
, c) Behavioral
d) Cognitive
The psychodynamic perspective, founded by Freud, emphasizes
unconscious processes and unresolved conflicts.
3. Which research method allows for determining cause-and-effect
relationships?
a) Case study
b) Naturalistic observation
c) Experiment
d) Survey
Experiments involve manipulation of variables and control, allowing
researchers to infer causation.
4. In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned stimulus (US)?
a) A learned response
b) A stimulus that naturally elicits a response
c) A neutral stimulus paired with conditioning
d) A voluntary behavior
The unconditioned stimulus automatically triggers a natural
response without prior learning.
5. Who developed operant conditioning theory?
a) Ivan Pavlov
b) Carl Rogers
c) B.F. Skinner
, d) Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner studied reinforcement and punishment in shaping
voluntary behavior.
6. Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
a) Axon
b) Myelin sheath
c) Dendrites
d) Synapse
Dendrites are branchlike structures that receive messages from other
neurons.
7. The neurotransmitter most closely linked to mood regulation is:
a) Acetylcholine
b) Dopamine
c) Serotonin
d) GABA
Serotonin influences mood, appetite, and sleep; low levels are
associated with depression.
8. Which brain structure is involved in memory formation?
a) Medulla
b) Thalamus
c) Hippocampus
d) Cerebellum
The hippocampus is critical for forming new long-term memories.
, 9. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for:
a) Rest and digestion
b) Fight-or-flight response
c) Coordinating reflexes
d) Memory storage
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress and
emergency situations.
10. Which psychologist is associated with the hierarchy of needs?
a) Erik Erikson
b) Sigmund Freud
c) Abraham Maslow
d) Carl Jung
Maslow proposed a pyramid of human needs, culminating in self-
actualization.
11. The smallest unit of sound in a language is called a:
a) Morpheme
b) Phoneme
c) Syntax
d) Semantics
Phonemes are the basic sound units that distinguish words in a
language.
12. Which type of memory has the shortest duration?
a) Long-term memory