ASU BIO 340 Exam 3 Mangone
Questions with Verified Answers
Somatic mutations - ✔✔occur in any cell except germ cells and are not heritable
Germ-line mutations - ✔✔occur in gametes and are inherited
Autosomal mutations - ✔✔occur within genes located on the autosomes
X-linked and Y-linked mutations - ✔✔occur within genes located on X and Y chromosome,
respectively
Spontaneous mutations - ✔✔happen naturally and randomly and are usually linked to normal
biological or chemical processes in the organism
Induced mutations - ✔✔result from the influence of an extraneous factor, either natural or
artificial
Luria- Delbrück Fluctuation Test - ✔✔genetic mutations arise inthe absence of selection, rather
than being a response to selection
neutral mutation - ✔✔do not affect gene products or gene expression
β- Thalassemia - ✔✔Autosomal recessive blood disorder resulting from a reduction or absence
of hemoglobin
Sickle Cell Anemia - ✔✔autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes abnormal
hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
, Spinal Muscular Atrophy - ✔✔autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a genetic defect
in the SMN1gene, which encodes SMN, a protein widely expressed in all eukaryotic cells and
necessary for survival of motor neurons
Trinucleotide Repeat Diseases - ✔✔A family of autosomal dominant diseases that is caused by
the insertion of multiple copies of a three-base pair sequence (CAG) that codes for the amino
acid glutamine. Typically, the more copies inserted into the gene, the more serious the disease.
Huntington's disease - ✔✔Genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele that causes progressive
deterioration of brain neurons
CRISPR/Cas9 - ✔✔a revolutionary gene editing technique derived from the immune system of
simple prokaryotes
constitutive enzymes - ✔✔always present and in relatively constant amounts
inducible enzymes - ✔✔certain enzymes produced only when specific substrates are present
Negative control - ✔✔genetic expression occurs unless it is shut off by some form of a regulator
molecule
Positive control - ✔✔transcription occurs only if a regulator molecule directly stimulates RNA
production
Operon - ✔✔cluster gene that encode the proteins necessary to perform coordinated function
an operon consists of: - ✔✔promoter (binding site for RNA polymerase), operator (a repressor
binding site that overlaps the promoter), structural genes
Questions with Verified Answers
Somatic mutations - ✔✔occur in any cell except germ cells and are not heritable
Germ-line mutations - ✔✔occur in gametes and are inherited
Autosomal mutations - ✔✔occur within genes located on the autosomes
X-linked and Y-linked mutations - ✔✔occur within genes located on X and Y chromosome,
respectively
Spontaneous mutations - ✔✔happen naturally and randomly and are usually linked to normal
biological or chemical processes in the organism
Induced mutations - ✔✔result from the influence of an extraneous factor, either natural or
artificial
Luria- Delbrück Fluctuation Test - ✔✔genetic mutations arise inthe absence of selection, rather
than being a response to selection
neutral mutation - ✔✔do not affect gene products or gene expression
β- Thalassemia - ✔✔Autosomal recessive blood disorder resulting from a reduction or absence
of hemoglobin
Sickle Cell Anemia - ✔✔autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes abnormal
hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
, Spinal Muscular Atrophy - ✔✔autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a genetic defect
in the SMN1gene, which encodes SMN, a protein widely expressed in all eukaryotic cells and
necessary for survival of motor neurons
Trinucleotide Repeat Diseases - ✔✔A family of autosomal dominant diseases that is caused by
the insertion of multiple copies of a three-base pair sequence (CAG) that codes for the amino
acid glutamine. Typically, the more copies inserted into the gene, the more serious the disease.
Huntington's disease - ✔✔Genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele that causes progressive
deterioration of brain neurons
CRISPR/Cas9 - ✔✔a revolutionary gene editing technique derived from the immune system of
simple prokaryotes
constitutive enzymes - ✔✔always present and in relatively constant amounts
inducible enzymes - ✔✔certain enzymes produced only when specific substrates are present
Negative control - ✔✔genetic expression occurs unless it is shut off by some form of a regulator
molecule
Positive control - ✔✔transcription occurs only if a regulator molecule directly stimulates RNA
production
Operon - ✔✔cluster gene that encode the proteins necessary to perform coordinated function
an operon consists of: - ✔✔promoter (binding site for RNA polymerase), operator (a repressor
binding site that overlaps the promoter), structural genes
