RNSG 2539 exam 3 2025-2026 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
Flexion Spinal Cord Injury - ANSWERSthink whiplash injuries in MVA's. Cervical spine ruptures posterior
ligaments
hyperextension spinal cord injury - ANSWERSHead is suddenly accelerated then decelerated
-Ex. Diving (hit face), fall with chin strike, rear end collision (break happens in front of spine)
Compression fractures of spinal cord - ANSWERScompression of spinal cord caused by fractured
vertebrae
flexion-rotation spinal cord injury - ANSWERSdisplacement of vertebrae
think of a fall, or violent collision. Ex. Christopher Reeve
injury to cervical spine causes - ANSWERSinjury to C4 causes tetraplegia from neck down
injury to c6 causes tetraplegia from shoulders down
injury to thoracic spine - ANSWERSParalysis in legs and thoracic region but arms can still function
Loss of bowel and bladder control
Pain
injury to lumbar spine - ANSWERSparalysis of legs and pelvic region
Loss of bowel and bladder control
,Pain
Sensory changes
Spasticity and weakness
medical interventions for spinal injury's - ANSWERSc-spine immobilization
•The patient is kept on the transfer board.
•No part of the body should be twisted or turned, and the patient is not allowed to sit up.
•If cervical fracture is found the patient may be placed on a rotating specialty bed with cervical traction
•Or in a cervical collar with a hard bed
•Or a halo vest
nursing interventions for spinal cord injury - ANSWERS- immobilization
- assess resp dysfunction
- assess cardio fxn
- monitor s/s of hypovolemic shock
- assess nutritional status and presence of stress ulcers
- assess urinary and bowel fxn
- assess environment for temp control
- assess pain
- SCD, TED
- medications
surgery options for spinal cord injury - ANSWERSSurgery is indicated if:
•Compression of the cord is evident.
•Fragmented or unstable vertebral body.
•A wound that penetrates the cord.
•Neurologic status is deteriorating.
•Early stabilization improves outcome
•Goal: stabilize & remove pressure to preserve function
, Medication
•High-dose IV corticosteroids (methylprednisolone)
spinal shock s/s - ANSWERSdecreased reflexes, loss of sensation, and flaccid paralysis below the level of
injury
nursing diagnosis for high cervical spinal cord injury if pt is intubated - ANSWERSrisk for injury
what can be done to combat venous pooling and low bp in a patient with spinal cord injury -
ANSWERStilt gunnery or wheelchair
What is neurogenic bladder - ANSWERS-Lack of nerve supply to the bladder
-Person can't feel when bladder is full
-Must use catheter to void
clinical manifestations of neurogenic bladder - ANSWERS- poor voiding due to inability to feel need to
void
- overflow incontinence so full bladder cannot feel, incontinent
assessment and diagnostic findings for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERSmeasurement of fluid intake,
urine output, and residual urine volume; urinalysis; and assessment of sensory awareness of bladder
fullness and degree of motor control.
Medical management for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERScontinuous, intermittent, or self-
catheterization
an external condom-type catheter
a diet low in calcium (to prevent calculi)
encouragement of mobility and ambulation.
Medications for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERSParasympathomimetic medications, such as bethanechol
(Urecholine), may help to increase the contraction of the detrusor muscle.
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
Flexion Spinal Cord Injury - ANSWERSthink whiplash injuries in MVA's. Cervical spine ruptures posterior
ligaments
hyperextension spinal cord injury - ANSWERSHead is suddenly accelerated then decelerated
-Ex. Diving (hit face), fall with chin strike, rear end collision (break happens in front of spine)
Compression fractures of spinal cord - ANSWERScompression of spinal cord caused by fractured
vertebrae
flexion-rotation spinal cord injury - ANSWERSdisplacement of vertebrae
think of a fall, or violent collision. Ex. Christopher Reeve
injury to cervical spine causes - ANSWERSinjury to C4 causes tetraplegia from neck down
injury to c6 causes tetraplegia from shoulders down
injury to thoracic spine - ANSWERSParalysis in legs and thoracic region but arms can still function
Loss of bowel and bladder control
Pain
injury to lumbar spine - ANSWERSparalysis of legs and pelvic region
Loss of bowel and bladder control
,Pain
Sensory changes
Spasticity and weakness
medical interventions for spinal injury's - ANSWERSc-spine immobilization
•The patient is kept on the transfer board.
•No part of the body should be twisted or turned, and the patient is not allowed to sit up.
•If cervical fracture is found the patient may be placed on a rotating specialty bed with cervical traction
•Or in a cervical collar with a hard bed
•Or a halo vest
nursing interventions for spinal cord injury - ANSWERS- immobilization
- assess resp dysfunction
- assess cardio fxn
- monitor s/s of hypovolemic shock
- assess nutritional status and presence of stress ulcers
- assess urinary and bowel fxn
- assess environment for temp control
- assess pain
- SCD, TED
- medications
surgery options for spinal cord injury - ANSWERSSurgery is indicated if:
•Compression of the cord is evident.
•Fragmented or unstable vertebral body.
•A wound that penetrates the cord.
•Neurologic status is deteriorating.
•Early stabilization improves outcome
•Goal: stabilize & remove pressure to preserve function
, Medication
•High-dose IV corticosteroids (methylprednisolone)
spinal shock s/s - ANSWERSdecreased reflexes, loss of sensation, and flaccid paralysis below the level of
injury
nursing diagnosis for high cervical spinal cord injury if pt is intubated - ANSWERSrisk for injury
what can be done to combat venous pooling and low bp in a patient with spinal cord injury -
ANSWERStilt gunnery or wheelchair
What is neurogenic bladder - ANSWERS-Lack of nerve supply to the bladder
-Person can't feel when bladder is full
-Must use catheter to void
clinical manifestations of neurogenic bladder - ANSWERS- poor voiding due to inability to feel need to
void
- overflow incontinence so full bladder cannot feel, incontinent
assessment and diagnostic findings for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERSmeasurement of fluid intake,
urine output, and residual urine volume; urinalysis; and assessment of sensory awareness of bladder
fullness and degree of motor control.
Medical management for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERScontinuous, intermittent, or self-
catheterization
an external condom-type catheter
a diet low in calcium (to prevent calculi)
encouragement of mobility and ambulation.
Medications for neurogenic bladder - ANSWERSParasympathomimetic medications, such as bethanechol
(Urecholine), may help to increase the contraction of the detrusor muscle.
