, Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine Testb
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ank/Studyguide
Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury and Death
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Ischemia and other toxic injuries increase the accumulation of intracellular calcium as a resul
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1. t of:
vg
A) release of stored calcium from the mitochondria.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) improved intracellular volume regulation.vg vg vg
C) decreased influx across the cell membrane.vg vg vg vg vg
D) attraction of calcium to fatty infiltrates.
vg vg vg vg vg
The patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
2. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
of the remaining liver cells vg vg vg vg
.
A) metaplasia
B) organ atrophy vg
C) compensatory hyperplasia vg
D) physiologic hypertrophy vg
A person eating peanuts starts choking and collapses. His airway obstruction is partiall
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
y cleared, but he remains hypoxic until he reaches the hospital. The prolonged cell hyp
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
3. oxia caused a cerebral infarction and resulting
vg vg vgin the brain. vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) caspase activation vg
B) coagulation necrosis vg
C) rapid phagocytosis vg
D) protein p53 deficiency vg vg
Bacteria and viruses cause cell damage by
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4. , which is unique from the intracellula
vg vg vg vg vg vg
r damage caused by other injurious agents.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) disrupting the sodium/potassium ATPase pump vg vg vg vg
B) interrupting oxidative metabolism processes vg vg vg
C) replicating and producing continued injury vg vg vg vg
D) decreasing protein synthesis and function vg vg vg vg
The patient has a prolonged interruption in arterial blood flow to his left kidney, causing hyp
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
5. oxic cell injury and the release of free radicals. Free radicals damage cells by:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane.vg vg vg vg vg
B) altering the immune response of the cell.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
,C) disrupting calcium storage in the cell. vg vg vg vg vg
D) inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria. vg vg vg vg
6. Injured cells have impaired flow of substances through the cell membrane as a result of:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) increased fat load. vg vg
B) altered permeability. vg
C) altered glucose utilization.
vg vg
D) increased surface receptors. vg vg
7. Reversible adaptive intracellular responses are initiated by:
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) stimulus overload. vg
B) genetic mutations. vg
C) chemical messengers. vg
D) mitochondrial DNA. vg
8. Injured cells become very swollen as a result of:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) increased cell protein synthesis. vg vg vg
B) altered cell volume regulation.
vg vg vg
C) passive entry of potassium into the cell.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) bleb formation in the plasma membrane.
vg vg vg vg vg
A diabetic patient has impaired sensation, circulation, and oxygenation of his feet. He steps
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
on a piece of glass, the wound does not heal, and the area tissue becomes necrotic. The nec
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
9. rotic cell death is characterized by:
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A) rapid apoptosis.vg
B) cellular rupture. vg
C) shrinkage and collapse. vg vg
D) chronic inflammation. vg
A 99-year-
vg
10. old woman has experienced the decline of cell function associated with age. A group of the
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ories of cellular aging focus on programmed:
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) changes with genetic influences. vg vg vg
B) elimination of cell receptor sites. vg vg vg vg
C) insufficient telomerase enzyme. vg vg
D) DNA mutation or faulty repair.
vg vg vg vg
An 89-year-
vg
old female patient has experienced significant decreases in her mobility and stamina durin
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
g a 3-
vg vg
11. week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the following phe
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
, nomena most likely accounts for the patients decrease in muscle function
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
that underlies her reduced mobility?
vg vg vg vg
A) Impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) Dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
C) Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) Ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A 20-year-
vg
old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Papanicolaou
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
12. (Pap) smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evid
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ence of: vg
A) changes in cell shape, size, and organization. vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) the presence of unexpected cell types.
vg vg vg vg vg
C) ischemic changes in cell samples. vg vg vg vg
D) abnormally high numbers of cells in a specified field. vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
Which of the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to result in metastatic calci
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
13. ation?
A) Benign prostatic hyperplasia vg vg
B) Liver cirrhosis vg
C) Impaired glycogen metabolism vg vg
D) Hyperparathyroidism
Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology tec
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ician is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the primar
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
14. rationale for the technicians precautions?
vg vg vg vg
A) Radiation stimulates pathologic cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) Radiation results in the accumulation of endogenous waste products in the cytoplasm.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
C) Radiation interferes with DNA synthesis and mitosis.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) Radiation decreases the action potential of rapidly dividing cells.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
The parents of a 4-year-
vg vg vg vg
old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to chewing and swallowing i
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
15. mported toy figurines that have been determined to be made of lead. Which of the following
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
blood tests should the care team prioritize?
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) White blood cell levels with differential vg vg vg vg vg
B) Red blood cell levels and morphology
vg vg vg vg vg
C) Urea and creatinine levels
vg vg vg
D) Liver function panel vg vg
vg vg vg vg vg vg
ank/Studyguide
Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury and Death
vg vg vg vg vg vg
Ischemia and other toxic injuries increase the accumulation of intracellular calcium as a resul
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
1. t of:
vg
A) release of stored calcium from the mitochondria.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) improved intracellular volume regulation.vg vg vg
C) decreased influx across the cell membrane.vg vg vg vg vg
D) attraction of calcium to fatty infiltrates.
vg vg vg vg vg
The patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
2. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
of the remaining liver cells vg vg vg vg
.
A) metaplasia
B) organ atrophy vg
C) compensatory hyperplasia vg
D) physiologic hypertrophy vg
A person eating peanuts starts choking and collapses. His airway obstruction is partiall
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
y cleared, but he remains hypoxic until he reaches the hospital. The prolonged cell hyp
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
3. oxia caused a cerebral infarction and resulting
vg vg vgin the brain. vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) caspase activation vg
B) coagulation necrosis vg
C) rapid phagocytosis vg
D) protein p53 deficiency vg vg
Bacteria and viruses cause cell damage by
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
4. , which is unique from the intracellula
vg vg vg vg vg vg
r damage caused by other injurious agents.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) disrupting the sodium/potassium ATPase pump vg vg vg vg
B) interrupting oxidative metabolism processes vg vg vg
C) replicating and producing continued injury vg vg vg vg
D) decreasing protein synthesis and function vg vg vg vg
The patient has a prolonged interruption in arterial blood flow to his left kidney, causing hyp
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
5. oxic cell injury and the release of free radicals. Free radicals damage cells by:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane.vg vg vg vg vg
B) altering the immune response of the cell.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
,C) disrupting calcium storage in the cell. vg vg vg vg vg
D) inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria. vg vg vg vg
6. Injured cells have impaired flow of substances through the cell membrane as a result of:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) increased fat load. vg vg
B) altered permeability. vg
C) altered glucose utilization.
vg vg
D) increased surface receptors. vg vg
7. Reversible adaptive intracellular responses are initiated by:
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) stimulus overload. vg
B) genetic mutations. vg
C) chemical messengers. vg
D) mitochondrial DNA. vg
8. Injured cells become very swollen as a result of:
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) increased cell protein synthesis. vg vg vg
B) altered cell volume regulation.
vg vg vg
C) passive entry of potassium into the cell.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) bleb formation in the plasma membrane.
vg vg vg vg vg
A diabetic patient has impaired sensation, circulation, and oxygenation of his feet. He steps
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
on a piece of glass, the wound does not heal, and the area tissue becomes necrotic. The nec
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
9. rotic cell death is characterized by:
vg vg vg vg vg
A) rapid apoptosis.vg
B) cellular rupture. vg
C) shrinkage and collapse. vg vg
D) chronic inflammation. vg
A 99-year-
vg
10. old woman has experienced the decline of cell function associated with age. A group of the
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ories of cellular aging focus on programmed:
vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) changes with genetic influences. vg vg vg
B) elimination of cell receptor sites. vg vg vg vg
C) insufficient telomerase enzyme. vg vg
D) DNA mutation or faulty repair.
vg vg vg vg
An 89-year-
vg
old female patient has experienced significant decreases in her mobility and stamina durin
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
g a 3-
vg vg
11. week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which of the following phe
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
, nomena most likely accounts for the patients decrease in muscle function
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
that underlies her reduced mobility?
vg vg vg vg
A) Impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) Dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
C) Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) Ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A 20-year-
vg
old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Papanicolaou
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
12. (Pap) smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evid
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ence of: vg
A) changes in cell shape, size, and organization. vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) the presence of unexpected cell types.
vg vg vg vg vg
C) ischemic changes in cell samples. vg vg vg vg
D) abnormally high numbers of cells in a specified field. vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
Which of the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to result in metastatic calci
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
13. ation?
A) Benign prostatic hyperplasia vg vg
B) Liver cirrhosis vg
C) Impaired glycogen metabolism vg vg
D) Hyperparathyroidism
Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology tec
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
ician is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the primar
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
14. rationale for the technicians precautions?
vg vg vg vg
A) Radiation stimulates pathologic cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
B) Radiation results in the accumulation of endogenous waste products in the cytoplasm.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
C) Radiation interferes with DNA synthesis and mitosis.
vg vg vg vg vg vg
D) Radiation decreases the action potential of rapidly dividing cells.
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
The parents of a 4-year-
vg vg vg vg
old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to chewing and swallowing i
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
15. mported toy figurines that have been determined to be made of lead. Which of the following
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
blood tests should the care team prioritize?
vg vg vg vg vg vg vg
A) White blood cell levels with differential vg vg vg vg vg
B) Red blood cell levels and morphology
vg vg vg vg vg
C) Urea and creatinine levels
vg vg vg
D) Liver function panel vg vg
