TEST BANK Varcarolis’ Essentials of Psychiatric Mental
Health Nursing 2025/2026: A Communication Approach
to Evidence-Based Care 5th Edition By Chyllia D Fosbre |
Complete Guide chapter 1-28
A depressed client states, I have a chemical imbalance in my brain. I have no
control over my
behavior. Medications are my only hope to feel normal again. Which nursing
response is
appropriate?
a. Medications only address biological factors. Environmental and interpersonal
factors must also be considered.
b. Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression, medications will
improve your mood.
c. Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the
development of depression.
d. Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between nature (biology
and genetics) and nurture (environment). - ANSWER-ANS: A
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client that medications address
biological factors, but
1|Page
,there are other factors that affect mood. The nurse should educate the client on
environmental and interpersonal factors that can lead to depression.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder asks, What part of my brain
controls my
emotions? Which nursing response is appropriate?
a The occipital lobe governs perceptions, judging them as positive or negative.
b. The parietal lobe has been linked to depression.
c. The medulla regulates key biological and psychological activities.
d. The limbic system is largely
responsible for ones emotional state. - ANSWER-ANS: d
Rationale: The nurse should explain to the client that the limbic system is largely
responsible for ones emotional state. This system if often called the emotional
brain and is associated with feelings, sexuality, and social behavior. The
occipital lobes are the area of visual reception and
interpretation. Somatosensory input (touch, taste, temperature, etc.) occurs in
the parietal lobes. The medulla contains vital centers that regulate heart rate
and reflexes.
Which part of the nervous system should a nurse identify as playing a major role
during stressful situations?
a. Peripheral nervous system
b. Somatic nervous system
c. Sympathetic nervous system
d. Parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-ANS: C
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,Rationale: The nurse should identify that the sympathetic nervous system plays
a major role
during stressful situations. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body
for the fight-or flight response. The parasympathetic nervous system is
dominant when an individual is in a non-stressful state.
Which client statement reflects an understanding of circadian rhythms in
psychopathology?
a. When I dream about my mothers horrible train accident, I become hysterical.
b. I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle.
c. I'm a morning person. I get my best work done before noon.
d. Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness - ANSWER-ANS: C
Rationale: By stating, I am a morning person, the client demonstrates an
understanding that
circadian rhythms may influence a variety of regulatory functions, including the
sleep-wake
cycle, regulation of body temperature, and patterns of activity. Most humans
follow a 24-hour
cycle that is largely affected by lightness and darkness.
Which types of adoption studies should a nurse recognize as providing useful
information for the psychiatric community?
a. Studies in which children with mentally ill biological parents are
3|Page
, raised by adoptive parents who were mentally healthy.
b. Studies in which children with mentally healthy biological parents are raised by
adoptive parents who were mentally ill.
c. Studies in which monozygotic twins from mentally ill parents were raised
separately by different adoptive parents.
d. Studies in which monozygotic twins were raised together by mentally ill
biological parents.
e. All of the above. - ANSWER-ANS: E
Rationale: The nurse should determine that all of the studies could possibly
benefit the
psychiatric community. The studies may reveal research findings relating
genetic links to mental
illness. Adoption studies allow comparisons to be made of the influences of the
environment
versus genetics.
Six months after her husband and children were killed in a car accident, a client is
diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that this situation
validates which study
perspective?
a. Neuroendocrinology
b. Psychoimmunology
c. Diagnostic technology
d. Neurophysiology - ANSWER-ANS: B
Rationale: Psychoimmunology is the branch of medicine that studies the effects
of social and
4|Page
Health Nursing 2025/2026: A Communication Approach
to Evidence-Based Care 5th Edition By Chyllia D Fosbre |
Complete Guide chapter 1-28
A depressed client states, I have a chemical imbalance in my brain. I have no
control over my
behavior. Medications are my only hope to feel normal again. Which nursing
response is
appropriate?
a. Medications only address biological factors. Environmental and interpersonal
factors must also be considered.
b. Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression, medications will
improve your mood.
c. Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most influence in the
development of depression.
d. Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between nature (biology
and genetics) and nurture (environment). - ANSWER-ANS: A
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client that medications address
biological factors, but
1|Page
,there are other factors that affect mood. The nurse should educate the client on
environmental and interpersonal factors that can lead to depression.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder asks, What part of my brain
controls my
emotions? Which nursing response is appropriate?
a The occipital lobe governs perceptions, judging them as positive or negative.
b. The parietal lobe has been linked to depression.
c. The medulla regulates key biological and psychological activities.
d. The limbic system is largely
responsible for ones emotional state. - ANSWER-ANS: d
Rationale: The nurse should explain to the client that the limbic system is largely
responsible for ones emotional state. This system if often called the emotional
brain and is associated with feelings, sexuality, and social behavior. The
occipital lobes are the area of visual reception and
interpretation. Somatosensory input (touch, taste, temperature, etc.) occurs in
the parietal lobes. The medulla contains vital centers that regulate heart rate
and reflexes.
Which part of the nervous system should a nurse identify as playing a major role
during stressful situations?
a. Peripheral nervous system
b. Somatic nervous system
c. Sympathetic nervous system
d. Parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-ANS: C
2|Page
,Rationale: The nurse should identify that the sympathetic nervous system plays
a major role
during stressful situations. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body
for the fight-or flight response. The parasympathetic nervous system is
dominant when an individual is in a non-stressful state.
Which client statement reflects an understanding of circadian rhythms in
psychopathology?
a. When I dream about my mothers horrible train accident, I become hysterical.
b. I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle.
c. I'm a morning person. I get my best work done before noon.
d. Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness - ANSWER-ANS: C
Rationale: By stating, I am a morning person, the client demonstrates an
understanding that
circadian rhythms may influence a variety of regulatory functions, including the
sleep-wake
cycle, regulation of body temperature, and patterns of activity. Most humans
follow a 24-hour
cycle that is largely affected by lightness and darkness.
Which types of adoption studies should a nurse recognize as providing useful
information for the psychiatric community?
a. Studies in which children with mentally ill biological parents are
3|Page
, raised by adoptive parents who were mentally healthy.
b. Studies in which children with mentally healthy biological parents are raised by
adoptive parents who were mentally ill.
c. Studies in which monozygotic twins from mentally ill parents were raised
separately by different adoptive parents.
d. Studies in which monozygotic twins were raised together by mentally ill
biological parents.
e. All of the above. - ANSWER-ANS: E
Rationale: The nurse should determine that all of the studies could possibly
benefit the
psychiatric community. The studies may reveal research findings relating
genetic links to mental
illness. Adoption studies allow comparisons to be made of the influences of the
environment
versus genetics.
Six months after her husband and children were killed in a car accident, a client is
diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that this situation
validates which study
perspective?
a. Neuroendocrinology
b. Psychoimmunology
c. Diagnostic technology
d. Neurophysiology - ANSWER-ANS: B
Rationale: Psychoimmunology is the branch of medicine that studies the effects
of social and
4|Page
