1. Open fields Visible areas without privacy attempts by occupants.
2. Privacy fence Barrier providing privacy around a property.
3. Search warrant ex- Inventory and open fields are not searches.
ceptions
4. Abandoned property Items left behind with no intent to reclaim.
5. Plain view Items visible without a search warrant.
6. Search nature Determined by the item expected to be found.
7. Search limitations Cannot search beyond the specified items.
8. Contraband Illegal items prohibited by law.
9. Forfeiture Legal transfer of property ownership to law enforcement.
10. Probable cause affi- Document establishing grounds for an arrest.
davit
11. Use of force restric- Governed by laws, policies, and physical capabilities.
tions
12. Use of force types Includes verbal commands and physical restraint.
13. Fourth Amendment Governs the use of force by law enforcement.
14. Reasonable force Force judged by constitutional standards.
15. Graham v. Connor Establishes objective reasonableness for force use.
16. Use of force factors Severity, threat level, and resistance assessed.
17. Tennessee v. Garner Limits force on fleeing suspects.