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BIO 1321 Exam 2 Vargas Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Prokaryotes (Characteristics) Ans: -Smallest living thing
-Single-celled
-3 common shapes
-Reproduce by binary fission and undergo asexual cell division
3 common shapes of prokaryotes Ans: spherical, rod, spiral
Conjugation Ans: exchanging genetic material without reproducing with a sex pili
connecting donor to recipient
Plasmids Ans: circular dna exchanged in reproduction
Why does antibiotic resistance occur? Ans: Because of rapid evolution within
prokaryotes
Differences of Bacteria and Archaea Ans: -Molecular and structural differences
-Archaea can produce methane(Bacteria can't)
-Bacteria can undergo photosynthesis(Archaea can't)
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-Some Bacteria are pathogenic
-Bacteria contain peptidoglycan
Gram stain Ans: A staining method that distinguishes between two different kinds of
bacterial cell walls.
Gram + stain Ans: purple(no fatty layer only peptidogylcan)
Gram - Stain Ans: Red/Pink(Has fatty Layer)
Some bacteria produce Endospores/Biofilms Ans: Archaea cannot produce either
Endospores Ans: A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that
can withstand adverse conditions
Biofilms Ans: a surface coating colony of prokaryotic that engage in metabolic
cooperation
How can you get anthrax? Ans: -Inhalation
-Cutaneous
-Gastrointestinal
Which plasmids make anthrax virulent? Ans: Plasmids PXO1 and PXO2 make it
virulent because of anthrax toxin and capsule
Anthrax is category A effective bio-weapon because it can be: Ans: -Aerosolized
-Inhaled
BIO 1321 Exam 2 Vargas Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Prokaryotes (Characteristics) Ans: -Smallest living thing
-Single-celled
-3 common shapes
-Reproduce by binary fission and undergo asexual cell division
3 common shapes of prokaryotes Ans: spherical, rod, spiral
Conjugation Ans: exchanging genetic material without reproducing with a sex pili
connecting donor to recipient
Plasmids Ans: circular dna exchanged in reproduction
Why does antibiotic resistance occur? Ans: Because of rapid evolution within
prokaryotes
Differences of Bacteria and Archaea Ans: -Molecular and structural differences
-Archaea can produce methane(Bacteria can't)
-Bacteria can undergo photosynthesis(Archaea can't)
, Page | 2
-Some Bacteria are pathogenic
-Bacteria contain peptidoglycan
Gram stain Ans: A staining method that distinguishes between two different kinds of
bacterial cell walls.
Gram + stain Ans: purple(no fatty layer only peptidogylcan)
Gram - Stain Ans: Red/Pink(Has fatty Layer)
Some bacteria produce Endospores/Biofilms Ans: Archaea cannot produce either
Endospores Ans: A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that
can withstand adverse conditions
Biofilms Ans: a surface coating colony of prokaryotic that engage in metabolic
cooperation
How can you get anthrax? Ans: -Inhalation
-Cutaneous
-Gastrointestinal
Which plasmids make anthrax virulent? Ans: Plasmids PXO1 and PXO2 make it
virulent because of anthrax toxin and capsule
Anthrax is category A effective bio-weapon because it can be: Ans: -Aerosolized
-Inhaled
