CLINICAL MICROSCOPY EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In the urinalysis laboratory the primary source in the chain of infection would be:
A. Patients
B. Needlesticks
C. Specimens
D. Biohazardous waste - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Specimens
The best way to break the chain of infection is:
A. Hand sanitizing
B. Personal protective equipment
C. Aerosol prevention
D. Decontamination - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Hand sanitizing
The current routine infection control policy developed by CDC and followed in all health-care settings is:
A. Universal Precautions
B. Isolation Precautions
C. Blood and Body Fluid Precautions
D. Standard Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. Standard Precautions
- combined features of UP, BSI, and hand hygiene (1996)
Universal Precautions (UP): states all patients are considered possible carriers of blood-borne
pathogens; urine and body fluids NOT visibly contaminated by blood are NOT infectious
Body Substance Isolation (BSI): states that ALL body fluids and blood are infectious, but did NOT
recommend hand washing
An employee who is accidentally exposed to a possible blood-borne pathogen should immediately:
A. Report to a supervisor
B. Flush the area with water
,C. Clean the area with disinfectant
D. Receive HIV prophylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Report to a supervisor
All of the following should be discarded in biohazardous waste containers except:
A. Urine specimen containers
B. Towels used for decontamination
C. Disposable lab coats
D. Blood collection tubes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Urine specimen containers
When combining acid and water, ensure that:
A. Acid is added to water
B. Water is added to acid
C. They are added simultaneously
D. Water is slowly added to acid - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Acid is added to water
A class ABC fire extinguisher contains:
A. Sand
B. Water
C. Dry chemicals
D. Acid - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Dry chemicals
A: Wood, Paper, Clothing (A - Water)
B: Flammable organic chemicals/liquids (B - Dry chemicals, CO2, FOAM, Halon)
C: Electrical (C - Dry chemicals, CO2, Halon)
D: Combustible materials (None - Sand/Dry Powder; ABC - Dry chemicals)
K: Grease, oils, fats (K - Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire)
The testing of sample from an outside agency and the comparison of results with participating
laboratories is called:
,A. External QC
B. Electronic QC
C. Internal QC
D. Proficiency testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. Proficiency testing
- AKA External Quality Assessment
External QC: verifies the functional ability of a testing device, but does not verify the integrity of testing
supplies
A color change that indicates that a sufficient amount of patient's specimen or reagent is added
correctly to the test system would be an example of:
A. External QC
B. Equivalent QC
C. Internal QC
D. Proficiency testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Internal QC
- AKA Procedural Controls
It monitors the sufficient addition of a patient specimen or reagent, instruments/ reagents interaction,
and for lateral flow test methods whether the sample migrated through the test strip properly
.When a new bottle of QC material is opened, what information is placed on the label?
A. The supervisor's initials
B. The lot number
C. The date and the laboratory worker's initials
D. The time the bottle was opened - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. The date and the laboratory worker's
initials
When a control is run, what information is documented?
A. The lot number
B. Expiration date of the control
, C. The test results
D. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. All of the above
The average daily output of urine is:
A. 200 mL
B. 500 mL
C. 1200 mL
D. 2500 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. 1200 mL
- The kidneys continuously form urine as an ultrafiltrate of plasma. Reabsorption of water and filtered
substances essential to body function converts approximately 170,000 mL of filtered plasma to the
average daily urine output of 1200 mL.
OLIGURIA:
<400 mL/day in adults
< 1 mL/kg/hr in infants
< 0.5 mL/kg/hr in children
POLYURIA:
> 2.5 L/day in adults
> 2.5 - 3 mL/kg/day in children
Note: Kidneys excrete 2-3x more urine during the day than night
An unidentified fluid is received in the laboratory with a request to determine whether the fluid is urine
or another body fluid. Using routine laboratory tests, what tests would determine that the fluid is most
probably urine?
A. Glucose and ketones
B. Urea and creatinine
C. Uric acid and amino acids
D. Protein and amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅B. Urea and creatinine
In the urinalysis laboratory the primary source in the chain of infection would be:
A. Patients
B. Needlesticks
C. Specimens
D. Biohazardous waste - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Specimens
The best way to break the chain of infection is:
A. Hand sanitizing
B. Personal protective equipment
C. Aerosol prevention
D. Decontamination - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Hand sanitizing
The current routine infection control policy developed by CDC and followed in all health-care settings is:
A. Universal Precautions
B. Isolation Precautions
C. Blood and Body Fluid Precautions
D. Standard Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. Standard Precautions
- combined features of UP, BSI, and hand hygiene (1996)
Universal Precautions (UP): states all patients are considered possible carriers of blood-borne
pathogens; urine and body fluids NOT visibly contaminated by blood are NOT infectious
Body Substance Isolation (BSI): states that ALL body fluids and blood are infectious, but did NOT
recommend hand washing
An employee who is accidentally exposed to a possible blood-borne pathogen should immediately:
A. Report to a supervisor
B. Flush the area with water
,C. Clean the area with disinfectant
D. Receive HIV prophylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Report to a supervisor
All of the following should be discarded in biohazardous waste containers except:
A. Urine specimen containers
B. Towels used for decontamination
C. Disposable lab coats
D. Blood collection tubes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Urine specimen containers
When combining acid and water, ensure that:
A. Acid is added to water
B. Water is added to acid
C. They are added simultaneously
D. Water is slowly added to acid - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A. Acid is added to water
A class ABC fire extinguisher contains:
A. Sand
B. Water
C. Dry chemicals
D. Acid - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Dry chemicals
A: Wood, Paper, Clothing (A - Water)
B: Flammable organic chemicals/liquids (B - Dry chemicals, CO2, FOAM, Halon)
C: Electrical (C - Dry chemicals, CO2, Halon)
D: Combustible materials (None - Sand/Dry Powder; ABC - Dry chemicals)
K: Grease, oils, fats (K - Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire)
The testing of sample from an outside agency and the comparison of results with participating
laboratories is called:
,A. External QC
B. Electronic QC
C. Internal QC
D. Proficiency testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. Proficiency testing
- AKA External Quality Assessment
External QC: verifies the functional ability of a testing device, but does not verify the integrity of testing
supplies
A color change that indicates that a sufficient amount of patient's specimen or reagent is added
correctly to the test system would be an example of:
A. External QC
B. Equivalent QC
C. Internal QC
D. Proficiency testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. Internal QC
- AKA Procedural Controls
It monitors the sufficient addition of a patient specimen or reagent, instruments/ reagents interaction,
and for lateral flow test methods whether the sample migrated through the test strip properly
.When a new bottle of QC material is opened, what information is placed on the label?
A. The supervisor's initials
B. The lot number
C. The date and the laboratory worker's initials
D. The time the bottle was opened - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. The date and the laboratory worker's
initials
When a control is run, what information is documented?
A. The lot number
B. Expiration date of the control
, C. The test results
D. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D. All of the above
The average daily output of urine is:
A. 200 mL
B. 500 mL
C. 1200 mL
D. 2500 mL - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅C. 1200 mL
- The kidneys continuously form urine as an ultrafiltrate of plasma. Reabsorption of water and filtered
substances essential to body function converts approximately 170,000 mL of filtered plasma to the
average daily urine output of 1200 mL.
OLIGURIA:
<400 mL/day in adults
< 1 mL/kg/hr in infants
< 0.5 mL/kg/hr in children
POLYURIA:
> 2.5 L/day in adults
> 2.5 - 3 mL/kg/day in children
Note: Kidneys excrete 2-3x more urine during the day than night
An unidentified fluid is received in the laboratory with a request to determine whether the fluid is urine
or another body fluid. Using routine laboratory tests, what tests would determine that the fluid is most
probably urine?
A. Glucose and ketones
B. Urea and creatinine
C. Uric acid and amino acids
D. Protein and amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅B. Urea and creatinine
