NRSG 421 Endocrine - Questions With Verified
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (160)
"The boss"
Function of the
Stimulates or inhibits release of hormones of the
hypothalamus
anterior pituitary gland
Hormones released by •ADH & Oxytocin
the hypothalamus
Posterior Pituitary Gland 1) Oxytocin
- what are the hormones 2) Antidiuretic hormone or ADH - (AKA Vasopressin)
released:
Anterior pituitary TSH, ACTH
hormones (which ones
are important for this (FSH, LH, TSH, STH, ACTH, and prolactin)
class)
Keep BP up
Function of ADH
Promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys
Vasoconstriction
When is ADH released? Low BP, hyperosmolar states
•When you drink ETOH
When is ADH inhibited?
•Hypervolemia
SIADH: syndrome of Too much ADH is released and so water is retained
inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone secretion -
what is happening here?
, Urine retention, concentrated + thick urine
Headache (low sodium)
S/S of SIADH
Seizures and confusion
High BP
What are some key Confusion and HA are early indicators
SIADH seizure signs
you'll notice?
Restrict fluids
Treatment of SIADH Give salt and diuretics
Demeclocycline
Lab-wise, what do we •Low serum osmolality
find in SIADH? •Hyponatremia - increase in water not loss of Na+
Why would we be giving Acts on beta receptors of kidneys, reduce ADH
antibiotic sensitivity
demeclocycline for
SIADH?
Hyponatremia: Definition Low sodium
and parameters for Na <135mmol/L
measuring severe is <120
Confusion, fatigue, irritable, headache, seizure,
•S/S of hyponatremia Low appetite
Cramping, spasms
Fix underlying cause
Treating hyponatremia
Give sodium maybe with fluid, or restrict fluid
Diabetes insipidus, what's Not enough ADH = not enough water
happening here?
What's causing Diabetes pituitary dysfunction
insipidus?
polyuria, polydipsia
S/S of diabetes insipidus diluted gravity but dehydrated
decreased BP
, hyperosmolality of blood
Labs in diabetes insipidus
hypernatremia
Treatment of diabetes Desmopressin
insipidus Vasopressin - ADH
Desmopressin - what Decrease urine output
does it do Hyponatremia = headache
what to be aware of
Hypernatremia Na+ >145 mmol/L
parameters + severe Severe symptoms > 160 mmol/L
parameters
Thirsty, low UO
Confused, fatigue, irritable, seizure
S/S of hypernatremia
Decreased appetite,
Muscle cramps, spasms
Cause of hypernatremia •Causes: typically classified by fluid status
Treat hypernatremia •Tx: underlying cause, fluids (free water deficit)
Where does ACTH Adrenal glands on the adrenal cortex - which
affect? What does this produces steroids
do?
Adrenocorticoid Malfunctioning results in low levels of some or all
insufficiency: What's the steroids
happening here?
Mineralocorticoids: What Retain Na+, excrete K+
do they do? Reabsorb water
When do we secrete K+ high
mineralocorticoids BP low
Stress hormone
Glucocorticoids: What do Elevate BP, increase BGL
they do Break down muscle, bone, activate lipolysis and fat
deposition
Chronic stress and Cortisol levels are chronically high with chronic
cortisol stress
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (160)
"The boss"
Function of the
Stimulates or inhibits release of hormones of the
hypothalamus
anterior pituitary gland
Hormones released by •ADH & Oxytocin
the hypothalamus
Posterior Pituitary Gland 1) Oxytocin
- what are the hormones 2) Antidiuretic hormone or ADH - (AKA Vasopressin)
released:
Anterior pituitary TSH, ACTH
hormones (which ones
are important for this (FSH, LH, TSH, STH, ACTH, and prolactin)
class)
Keep BP up
Function of ADH
Promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys
Vasoconstriction
When is ADH released? Low BP, hyperosmolar states
•When you drink ETOH
When is ADH inhibited?
•Hypervolemia
SIADH: syndrome of Too much ADH is released and so water is retained
inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone secretion -
what is happening here?
, Urine retention, concentrated + thick urine
Headache (low sodium)
S/S of SIADH
Seizures and confusion
High BP
What are some key Confusion and HA are early indicators
SIADH seizure signs
you'll notice?
Restrict fluids
Treatment of SIADH Give salt and diuretics
Demeclocycline
Lab-wise, what do we •Low serum osmolality
find in SIADH? •Hyponatremia - increase in water not loss of Na+
Why would we be giving Acts on beta receptors of kidneys, reduce ADH
antibiotic sensitivity
demeclocycline for
SIADH?
Hyponatremia: Definition Low sodium
and parameters for Na <135mmol/L
measuring severe is <120
Confusion, fatigue, irritable, headache, seizure,
•S/S of hyponatremia Low appetite
Cramping, spasms
Fix underlying cause
Treating hyponatremia
Give sodium maybe with fluid, or restrict fluid
Diabetes insipidus, what's Not enough ADH = not enough water
happening here?
What's causing Diabetes pituitary dysfunction
insipidus?
polyuria, polydipsia
S/S of diabetes insipidus diluted gravity but dehydrated
decreased BP
, hyperosmolality of blood
Labs in diabetes insipidus
hypernatremia
Treatment of diabetes Desmopressin
insipidus Vasopressin - ADH
Desmopressin - what Decrease urine output
does it do Hyponatremia = headache
what to be aware of
Hypernatremia Na+ >145 mmol/L
parameters + severe Severe symptoms > 160 mmol/L
parameters
Thirsty, low UO
Confused, fatigue, irritable, seizure
S/S of hypernatremia
Decreased appetite,
Muscle cramps, spasms
Cause of hypernatremia •Causes: typically classified by fluid status
Treat hypernatremia •Tx: underlying cause, fluids (free water deficit)
Where does ACTH Adrenal glands on the adrenal cortex - which
affect? What does this produces steroids
do?
Adrenocorticoid Malfunctioning results in low levels of some or all
insufficiency: What's the steroids
happening here?
Mineralocorticoids: What Retain Na+, excrete K+
do they do? Reabsorb water
When do we secrete K+ high
mineralocorticoids BP low
Stress hormone
Glucocorticoids: What do Elevate BP, increase BGL
they do Break down muscle, bone, activate lipolysis and fat
deposition
Chronic stress and Cortisol levels are chronically high with chronic
cortisol stress
