NPS EXAM COMPREHENSIVE NEONATAL &
PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE EXAM
2025/2026 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS|ALREADY
GRADED A+|NEWEST|BRAND NEW VERSION
!!|GUARANTEED PASS
What device should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend to administer aersolized
ipratropium to a child receiving mechanical ventilation without additional gas flow to the
ventilator circuit?
a. small volume nebulizer
b. ultrasonic nebulizer
c. vibrating mesh nebulizer
d. dry powder inhaler
c. vibrating mesh nebulizer
While attempting to calibrate a polarographic oxygen analyzer, the neonatal/pediatric specialist
notices that the analyzer reads 21% when exposed to room air but only reads 64% when
exposed to 100% oxygen. The most appropriate action at this time would be to
a. reset the zero point
b. replace the battery
c. replace the fuel cell
d. add electrolyte solution
b. replace the battery
The noenatal/pediatric specialist is asked to administer ribavirin to a 3-year-old child with
bronchiolitis. What is the most appropriate device to administer this medication?
a. ultrasonic nebulizer
b. small volume nebulizer
1|Page
,c. continuous medication nebulizer
d. small particle aerosol generator
d. small particle aerosol generator
Which of the following is the most appropriate device for use with a ventilated patient with
thick secretions?
a. Wick humidifier
b. Cascade humidifier
c. Large reservoir nebulizer
d. heat moisture exchanger
a. Wick humidifier
A heat moisture exchanger is being utilized in a ventilator circuit. The neonatal/pediatric
specialist notices that it has become clogged with secretions. The specialist should
a. rinse the HME with water
b. replace it with a new HME
c. increase the temperature setting on the HME
d. replace it with a wick humidifier
d. replace it with a wick humidifier
An 8-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis has been receiving positive expiratory pressure
therapy. After several days of therapy, the patient has been diagnosed with a middle ear
infection. Which of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend?
a. continue therapy at a reduced resistance
b. change to an external percussive device
c. administer IPPB with Pulmozyme
d. Instruct the patient in huff coughing
b. change to an external percussive device
During rounds, the neonatal/pediatric specialist evaluates a child who has been receiving chest
physiotherapy QID for eight days. The child's medical record indicates that her breath sounds
reveal increased aeration to all lung fields, moderate non-productive cough, respiratory rate
17/min and the child is ambulating. The specialist should recommend
a. discontinuing therapy
b. decreasing the frequency to BID
c. vibratory PEP therapy
d. autogenic drainage
a. discontinuing therapy
2|Page
,A newborn has been placed in a 30% oxygen hood at 4L/min. ABG results show: pH 7.29, PaCO2
52 torr, PaO2 58 torr.
Based upon the arterial blood gas results, the neonatal/pediatric specialist should
a. increase the FiO2
b. initiate mechanical ventilation
c. initiate nasal CPAP
d. increase the flow
d. increase the flow
The neonatal/pediatric specialist performs oxygen rounds in the pediatric unit. The specialist
evaluates a 6-year-old boy who is receiving 40% oxygen via aerosol mask. The specialist notes
that the child keeps removing the mask. The boy's parents inform the specialist that the child
does not like to keep the mask on his face because he "feels like it is suffocating him". To
maintain the same FiO2 and humidity level for this patient, the specialist should recommend
changing to a/an
a. oxygen hood
b. face tent
c. nasal cannula
d. membrane cartridge system
d. membrane cartridge system
A stable 6-day-old infant requires a temperature-controlled environment. Which of the
following methods would be most appropriate for this patient?
a. Oxyhood
b. radiant warmer
c. Isolette
d. Oxygen tent
c. Isolette
Mean airway pressure rises with increases in all of the following EXCEPT
a. total cycle time
b. peak inspiratory pressure
c. positive end expiratory pressure
d. respiratory rate
a. total cycle time
Sedation/paralyzing agents would be indicated for all of the following conditions EXCEPT
a. intracranial hemorrhage
3|Page
, b. muscular dystrophy
c. status asthmaticus
d. sustained seizures
b. muscular dystrophy
The high-pressure alarm is activated for a patient on volume control ventilation. It is determined
that there is a decrease in the patient's static lung compliance. The neonatal/pediatric specialist
should
a. increase the pressure limit
b. sedate the patient
c. decrease the tidal volume
d. decrease the flowrate
a. increase the pressure limit
A pediatric patient developing respiratory distress sydnrome is on a tidal volume of 500 mL, rate
of 12/min, PEEP of 6 cmH2O and 90% oxygen in the assist/control mode. The physician wants
the PaO2 increased, but the blood pressure deteriorates with further increases in PEEP. Which
of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend?
a. change to the SIMV mode
b. administer steroids
c. increase the tidal volume and decrease the rate
d. administer a fluid challenge
d. administer a fluid challenge
A preterm infant has been receiving pressure control ventilation for 12 days when he develops a
bronchopleural fistula. The neonatal/pedatric specialist should recommend
a. exogenous surfactant therapy
b. volume control ventilation
c. high frequency ventilation
d. nitric oxide therapy
c. high frequency ventilation
A high frequency ventilator has a set frequency of 2.5 hertz. This would be the equivalent of
a. 50/min
b. 150/min
c. 250/min
d. 500/min
b. 150/min
4|Page
PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE EXAM
2025/2026 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS|ALREADY
GRADED A+|NEWEST|BRAND NEW VERSION
!!|GUARANTEED PASS
What device should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend to administer aersolized
ipratropium to a child receiving mechanical ventilation without additional gas flow to the
ventilator circuit?
a. small volume nebulizer
b. ultrasonic nebulizer
c. vibrating mesh nebulizer
d. dry powder inhaler
c. vibrating mesh nebulizer
While attempting to calibrate a polarographic oxygen analyzer, the neonatal/pediatric specialist
notices that the analyzer reads 21% when exposed to room air but only reads 64% when
exposed to 100% oxygen. The most appropriate action at this time would be to
a. reset the zero point
b. replace the battery
c. replace the fuel cell
d. add electrolyte solution
b. replace the battery
The noenatal/pediatric specialist is asked to administer ribavirin to a 3-year-old child with
bronchiolitis. What is the most appropriate device to administer this medication?
a. ultrasonic nebulizer
b. small volume nebulizer
1|Page
,c. continuous medication nebulizer
d. small particle aerosol generator
d. small particle aerosol generator
Which of the following is the most appropriate device for use with a ventilated patient with
thick secretions?
a. Wick humidifier
b. Cascade humidifier
c. Large reservoir nebulizer
d. heat moisture exchanger
a. Wick humidifier
A heat moisture exchanger is being utilized in a ventilator circuit. The neonatal/pediatric
specialist notices that it has become clogged with secretions. The specialist should
a. rinse the HME with water
b. replace it with a new HME
c. increase the temperature setting on the HME
d. replace it with a wick humidifier
d. replace it with a wick humidifier
An 8-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis has been receiving positive expiratory pressure
therapy. After several days of therapy, the patient has been diagnosed with a middle ear
infection. Which of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend?
a. continue therapy at a reduced resistance
b. change to an external percussive device
c. administer IPPB with Pulmozyme
d. Instruct the patient in huff coughing
b. change to an external percussive device
During rounds, the neonatal/pediatric specialist evaluates a child who has been receiving chest
physiotherapy QID for eight days. The child's medical record indicates that her breath sounds
reveal increased aeration to all lung fields, moderate non-productive cough, respiratory rate
17/min and the child is ambulating. The specialist should recommend
a. discontinuing therapy
b. decreasing the frequency to BID
c. vibratory PEP therapy
d. autogenic drainage
a. discontinuing therapy
2|Page
,A newborn has been placed in a 30% oxygen hood at 4L/min. ABG results show: pH 7.29, PaCO2
52 torr, PaO2 58 torr.
Based upon the arterial blood gas results, the neonatal/pediatric specialist should
a. increase the FiO2
b. initiate mechanical ventilation
c. initiate nasal CPAP
d. increase the flow
d. increase the flow
The neonatal/pediatric specialist performs oxygen rounds in the pediatric unit. The specialist
evaluates a 6-year-old boy who is receiving 40% oxygen via aerosol mask. The specialist notes
that the child keeps removing the mask. The boy's parents inform the specialist that the child
does not like to keep the mask on his face because he "feels like it is suffocating him". To
maintain the same FiO2 and humidity level for this patient, the specialist should recommend
changing to a/an
a. oxygen hood
b. face tent
c. nasal cannula
d. membrane cartridge system
d. membrane cartridge system
A stable 6-day-old infant requires a temperature-controlled environment. Which of the
following methods would be most appropriate for this patient?
a. Oxyhood
b. radiant warmer
c. Isolette
d. Oxygen tent
c. Isolette
Mean airway pressure rises with increases in all of the following EXCEPT
a. total cycle time
b. peak inspiratory pressure
c. positive end expiratory pressure
d. respiratory rate
a. total cycle time
Sedation/paralyzing agents would be indicated for all of the following conditions EXCEPT
a. intracranial hemorrhage
3|Page
, b. muscular dystrophy
c. status asthmaticus
d. sustained seizures
b. muscular dystrophy
The high-pressure alarm is activated for a patient on volume control ventilation. It is determined
that there is a decrease in the patient's static lung compliance. The neonatal/pediatric specialist
should
a. increase the pressure limit
b. sedate the patient
c. decrease the tidal volume
d. decrease the flowrate
a. increase the pressure limit
A pediatric patient developing respiratory distress sydnrome is on a tidal volume of 500 mL, rate
of 12/min, PEEP of 6 cmH2O and 90% oxygen in the assist/control mode. The physician wants
the PaO2 increased, but the blood pressure deteriorates with further increases in PEEP. Which
of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist recommend?
a. change to the SIMV mode
b. administer steroids
c. increase the tidal volume and decrease the rate
d. administer a fluid challenge
d. administer a fluid challenge
A preterm infant has been receiving pressure control ventilation for 12 days when he develops a
bronchopleural fistula. The neonatal/pedatric specialist should recommend
a. exogenous surfactant therapy
b. volume control ventilation
c. high frequency ventilation
d. nitric oxide therapy
c. high frequency ventilation
A high frequency ventilator has a set frequency of 2.5 hertz. This would be the equivalent of
a. 50/min
b. 150/min
c. 250/min
d. 500/min
b. 150/min
4|Page
