D432 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Union organization process - Answer -Employees signing authorization cards to form a
union
Positive union-management relationships - Answer -Constructive labor relations, fair
working conditions, effective problem-solving
Relevance of unions - Answer -Advocating workers' rights, negotiating better wages
and benefits
Decline in union membership - Answer -Decrease in the number of union members
over time
Gig economy's influence on labor unions - Answer -Complexity due to independent
contractor status of gig workers
Future challenges for unions - Answer -Adapting to changing workforce, addressing gig
economy workers' rights
Right to organize - Answer -Empowers workers to form and join unions
Mandatory bargaining subjects - Answer -Wages, benefits, hours, working conditions,
grievance procedures, health and safety, management rights
Permissive bargaining subjects - Answer -Negotiable topics if both parties agree, such
as subcontracting
Illegal bargaining subjects - Answer -Including illegal topics in a collective bargaining
agreement renders it void
Union busting - Answer -Employer strategies to discourage or undermine unionization
efforts
Role of the European Works Council - Answer -Promotes dialogue and information
sharing between multinational companies and employees
Challenges of multi-generational workforce - Answer -Differing work styles,
communication preferences, and expectations among generations
Union's role in promoting diversity and inclusion - Answer -Advocating for anti-
discrimination policies, fair hiring practices, addressing equity issues
Worker rights under OSHA - Answer -Safe and healthy workplace, training on hazards,
reporting unsafe conditions
Union organization process - Answer -Employees signing authorization cards to form a
union
Positive union-management relationships - Answer -Constructive labor relations, fair
working conditions, effective problem-solving
Relevance of unions - Answer -Advocating workers' rights, negotiating better wages
and benefits
Decline in union membership - Answer -Decrease in the number of union members
over time
Gig economy's influence on labor unions - Answer -Complexity due to independent
contractor status of gig workers
Future challenges for unions - Answer -Adapting to changing workforce, addressing gig
economy workers' rights
Right to organize - Answer -Empowers workers to form and join unions
Mandatory bargaining subjects - Answer -Wages, benefits, hours, working conditions,
grievance procedures, health and safety, management rights
Permissive bargaining subjects - Answer -Negotiable topics if both parties agree, such
as subcontracting
Illegal bargaining subjects - Answer -Including illegal topics in a collective bargaining
agreement renders it void
Union busting - Answer -Employer strategies to discourage or undermine unionization
efforts
Role of the European Works Council - Answer -Promotes dialogue and information
sharing between multinational companies and employees
Challenges of multi-generational workforce - Answer -Differing work styles,
communication preferences, and expectations among generations
Union's role in promoting diversity and inclusion - Answer -Advocating for anti-
discrimination policies, fair hiring practices, addressing equity issues
Worker rights under OSHA - Answer -Safe and healthy workplace, training on hazards,
reporting unsafe conditions
