ROSH Review: Pediatrics (set 2) UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. Erythrocyte sed- A 13-year-old boy on chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia presents
imentation rate with progressive lower back pain for two weeks. Per the mother, he has had
is a sensitive subjective fevers and a "bulge in his lower back" that is warm to touch. He is
screening tool currently afebrile and has no focal neurologic deficits. An MRI is obtained, as seen
in the image above. Which of the following regarding this patient's condition is
true?
AAn appropriate antibiotic regimen is cefepime and metronidazole
BDirect extension of skin and soft tissue infections is the most common causeY
CErythrocyte sedimentation rate is a sensitive screening tool
DMost patients present with back pain, fever, and a focal neurologic deficit
2. Spinal Epidural - History of diabetes or IVDU
Abscess - Back pain, fever, and neurological deficits
- Labs will show elevated ESR
- Diagnosis is made by MRI
- Most commonly caused by S. aureus
3. hematogenous The most common cause of an epidural abscess is:
spread of
infection
4. Roseola A 13-month-old boy is brought by his anxious parents to the clinic because of
a rash. For the previous 3 days, he has been having a high-grade fever that
is lysed by ibuprofen. Then today, he became afebrile, and the mother noted
the appearance of a rash on the neck and trunk. On physical examination, his
temperature is 37.3°C, heart rate is 104 bpm, and respiratory rate is 25/min. His
,skin examination reveals a blanching maculopapular rash on the neck and trunk
, that has spread to the face and extremities. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
AMeasles
BRoseola
CRubella
DScarlet fever
5. Roseola Infan- - 6 months-3 years of age
tum - High fever lasting 3-4 days
- Rash that started after the fever went away
- PE: blanching macular or maculopapular rash with a distribution that begins at
the neck and trunk region and spreads to the face and extremities
- Tx: supportive, self-limited
6. Consult orthope- A 3-year-old boy was running full speed and tripped over his toy, falling on his
dics for casting right leg. An X-ray shows an isolated nondisplaced distal spiral fracture of the tibia.
and further treat- Which of the following is the next best step in the treatment?
ment AConsult orthopedics for casting and further treatment
BObservation as this fracture heals spontaneously in toddlers
CObtain a skeletal survey
DObtain a workup for bone cancer
7.
Answers
1. Erythrocyte sed- A 13-year-old boy on chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia presents
imentation rate with progressive lower back pain for two weeks. Per the mother, he has had
is a sensitive subjective fevers and a "bulge in his lower back" that is warm to touch. He is
screening tool currently afebrile and has no focal neurologic deficits. An MRI is obtained, as seen
in the image above. Which of the following regarding this patient's condition is
true?
AAn appropriate antibiotic regimen is cefepime and metronidazole
BDirect extension of skin and soft tissue infections is the most common causeY
CErythrocyte sedimentation rate is a sensitive screening tool
DMost patients present with back pain, fever, and a focal neurologic deficit
2. Spinal Epidural - History of diabetes or IVDU
Abscess - Back pain, fever, and neurological deficits
- Labs will show elevated ESR
- Diagnosis is made by MRI
- Most commonly caused by S. aureus
3. hematogenous The most common cause of an epidural abscess is:
spread of
infection
4. Roseola A 13-month-old boy is brought by his anxious parents to the clinic because of
a rash. For the previous 3 days, he has been having a high-grade fever that
is lysed by ibuprofen. Then today, he became afebrile, and the mother noted
the appearance of a rash on the neck and trunk. On physical examination, his
temperature is 37.3°C, heart rate is 104 bpm, and respiratory rate is 25/min. His
,skin examination reveals a blanching maculopapular rash on the neck and trunk
, that has spread to the face and extremities. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
AMeasles
BRoseola
CRubella
DScarlet fever
5. Roseola Infan- - 6 months-3 years of age
tum - High fever lasting 3-4 days
- Rash that started after the fever went away
- PE: blanching macular or maculopapular rash with a distribution that begins at
the neck and trunk region and spreads to the face and extremities
- Tx: supportive, self-limited
6. Consult orthope- A 3-year-old boy was running full speed and tripped over his toy, falling on his
dics for casting right leg. An X-ray shows an isolated nondisplaced distal spiral fracture of the tibia.
and further treat- Which of the following is the next best step in the treatment?
ment AConsult orthopedics for casting and further treatment
BObservation as this fracture heals spontaneously in toddlers
CObtain a skeletal survey
DObtain a workup for bone cancer
7.
