DC US History Exam #2 Possible Questions And Answers 100% Accurately Solved.

Parliamentary Sovereignty - correct answers The doctrine that grants the legislature the power to make or overturn any law and permits no veto or judicial review. Loyalists and Patriots - correct answers American colonists who remained loyal to England; American colonists who refused to respect the authority of England's government Stamp Act - correct answers1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc. Boston Massacre - correct answers The first bloodshed of the American Revolution (1770), as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans Stamp Act Congress - correct answers A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the congress was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act It adopted a declaration of rights as well as sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament, and it showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance. Boston Tea Party - correct answers A 1773 protest against British taxes in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor. Coercive Acts - correct answers This series of laws were very harsh laws that intended to make Massachusetts pay for its resistance. It also closed down the Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for the ruined tea. Also forced Bostonians to shelter soilders in their own homes. First Continental Congress - correct answers Delagates from all colonies except georgia met to discuss problems with britain and to promote independence Second Continental Congress - correct answers Political authority that directed the struggle for independence beginning in 1775. Thomas Paine and Common Sense - correct answers A British citizen, he wrote Common Sense, published on January 1, 1776, to encourage the colonies to seek independence. It spoke out against the unfair treatment of the colonies by the British government and was instrumental in turning public opinion in favor of the Revolution. Farewell Address - correct answers1796 speech by Washington urging US to maintain neutrality and avoid permanent alliances with European nations Republicanism - correct answersA philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed. Declatory Act - correct answers1766: , after parliament repealed the Stamp Act, the prime minister passed this act that confirmed parliamentary authority over the colonies "in all cases whatsoever", but the Americans paid little attention to this. natural (unalienable) rights - correct answersRights that every individual has and that government cannot legitimately take away. Quartering Act - correct answers1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies. Prohibitory Act - correct answersAct of Parliament (1775) which removed British protection from the colonies. Judiciary Act of 1789 - correct answersIn 1789 Congress passed this Act which created the federal-court system. The act managed to quiet popular apprehensions by establishing in each state a federal district court that operated according to local procedures. Battle of Trenton - correct answersOn Christmas day at night, Washington's soldiers began crossing the Deleware River. The next morning, they suprise attacked the British mercenaries which were Hessians. 12th Amendment - correct answersseparation of votes for President and Vice President Andrew Jackson - correct answersThe seventh President of the United States (), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers. Currency Act - correct answersprohibited colonies from issuing paper money, destabilized colonial economy Sugar Act - correct answers(1764) British deeply in debt partl to French & Indian War. English Parliament placed a tariff on sugar, coffee, wines, and molasses. colonists avoided the tax by smuggling and by bribing tax collectors. Articles of Confederation - correct answersA weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War. Northwest Land Ordinance - correct answersPassed under Articles - banned slavery in NW territory (OH, MI, IN, etc.); created a process for admitting new states (60,000 inhabitants) Shay's Rebellion - correct answersRebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in , protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out. Federalists - correct answerssupporters of the Constitution Antifederalists - correct answerspeople who opposed the Constitution Bill of Rights - correct answersThe first ten amendments to the Constitution implied powers - correct answersPowers not specifically mentioned in the constitution 3/5 Compromise - correct answers-each slave would count for 3/5 of a person for taxation and representation purposes Whiskey Rebellion - correct answersIn 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion. Battle of New Orleans - correct answersA battle during the War of 1812 where the British army attempted to take New Orleans. Due to the foolish frontal attack, Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost. XYZ Affair - correct answersA 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats Alexander Hamilton - correct answers; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt. Townshend Revenue Act - correct answersLevied a succession of taxes on all goods imported into the American colonies Lexington and Concord - correct answersApril 8, 1775: Gage leads 700 soldiers to confiscate colonial weapons and arrest Adam, and Hancock; April 19, 1775: 70 armed militia face British at Lexington (shot heard around the world); British retreat to Boston, suffer nearly 300 casualties along the way (concord) Battle of Yorktown - correct answersLast major battle of the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay by the French fleet. He was sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. He surrendered October 19, 1781. John Jay's Treaty - correct answersJohn Jay was sent by Washington to talk to the British. He called for Britain to pay damages for American ships seized in 1793. In turn, Americans had to pay debts to British merchants from before the American Revolution Valley Forge - correct answersPlace where Washington's army spent the winter of , a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutriton, Steuben comes and trains troops Samuel Adams - correct answersAmerican Revolutionary leader and patriot, Founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence; signed the Declaration of Independence George Washington - correct answers1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution () Battle of Saratoga - correct answersAmerican victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning point in the American Revolution. Great Compromise - correct answersagreement providing a dual system of congressional representation Battle of Timber Falls - correct answersthe final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between Native American tribes affiliated with the Western Confederacy and a British-Canadian militia company, against the United States for control of the Northwest Territory. William Henry Harrison - correct answers(1841), was an American military leader, politician, the ninth President of the United States, and the first President to die in office. His death created a brief Constitutional crisis, but ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession left unanswered by the Constitution until passage of the 25th Amendment. Led US forces in the Battle of Tippecanoe. Treaty of Ghent - correct answersDecember 24, 1814 - Ended the War of 1812 and restored the status quo. For the most part, territory captured in the war was returned to the original owner. It also set up a commission to determine the disputed Canada/U.S. border. Critical Period - correct answerscoined by John Fiske, refers to the 1780s, a time right after the American Revolution where the future of the newly formed nation was in the balance. Alien and Sedition Acts - correct answersSeries of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions - correct answersWritten anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional. Tecumseh - correct answersA Shawnee chief who, along with his brother, Tenskwatawa, a religious leader known as The Prophet, worked to unite the Northwestern Indian tribes. The league of tribes was defeated by an American army led by William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. Tecumseh was killed fighting for the British during the War of 1812 at the Battle of the Thames in 1813. Louisiana Purchase (1803) - correct answersJefferson sent Monroe to Paris to purchase New Orleans; Monroe ended up spending $15 million, because he was able to get all of Louisiana, Jefferson conflicted about the purchase, since he didn't feel he had the authority to do so under the Constitution, but the deal was too good to pass up and provided more than enough land to fulfill his dream of an America populated with small farmers. Corp of Discovery - correct answersSpecial Unit of the U.S. Army which explored the Louisiana Territory led by Lewis and Clark Marbury v. Madison - correct answersEstablished judicial review Judicial Review - correct answersAllows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws Embargo Act - correct answers1807 act which ended all of America's importation and exportation. Jefferson hoped the act would pressure the French and British to recognize U.S. neutrality rights in exchange for U.S. goods. Really, however, just hurt Americans and our economy and got repealed in 1809. Neutraility Acts - correct answers1939 laws designed to keep the United States out of future wars War of 1812 - correct answersA war () between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France. Benign/Salutary Neglect - correct answersThe policy until the end of the French Indian War where the British government did not enforce their trade restrictions on the colonies. Olive Branch Petition - correct answersAn offer of peace sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George lll Thomas Jefferson - correct answersAuthor of the Declaration of Independence Virtual Representation - correct answersBritish governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members Battle of Bunker Hill (1775) - correct answersFirst major battle of the American Revolution; ended in colonial defeat. *Historical Significance:* The British suffered heavy casualties, including a notably large number of officers. Declaration of Independence - correct answersthe document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain Baron von Steuben - correct answersA stern, Prussian drillmaster that taught American soldiers during the Revolutionary War how to successfully fight the British. Electoral College - correct answersA group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president Federalist Papers - correct answersA collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail. James Madison - correct answersFather of the Constitution Kings Mountain - correct answersa 1780 Revolutionary War battle in South Carolina in which Patriots defeated a Loyalist militia Constitutional Convention - correct answersA meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution Hartford Convention - correct answersMeeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largl