FINAL EXAM: GERIATRIC NUTRITION
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|| 2025
LATEST UPDATE
higher Ca and vitamin C, lower Fe intake - ANSWERRDA is controversial and DRI
doesn't address subgroups. So, in general, what is the dietary recommendation for
elderly?
maintenance - ANSWERWhat is the main body weight goal?
activity level - ANSWERTotal energy expenditure for adults is largely determined by:
LBM, gender, age, body size, thyroid status - ANSWERResting energy expenditure is
influenced by:
endurance - ANSWERWhat type of exercise is recommended for elderly?
no - ANSWERDoes training response differ by age for 65+
150, 75, 2 - ANSWERPA guidelines: sit less, some PA is better than nothing; ______
minutes/wk or ____ if vigorous; muscle strengthening at least ____ days/wk
no - ANSWERIs harris benedict equation ideal for calculating caloric requirements for
aging?
80 - ANSWERMSJ calorie equation is validated to age:
vitamin B6, folate, calcium, zinc - ANSWERPoor caloric intake is in elderly is associated
with low intakes of what micronutrients?
low grade infection or inflammation, malnutrition, illness or surgery recovery -
ANSWERProtein requirements may be different depending on different conditions
69, 80 - ANSWERAt risk groups for protein deficiency include black and mexican men
>_____yrs and white and black women >____ yrs
Tufts - ANSWERWhich MyPlate should older adults pay attention to?
spices, utensils, PA, Fluids - ANSWERWhat are some things not included in the regular
MyPlate but is in the Tufts elderly version?
liver damage - ANSWERVitamin A super supplementation is associated with:
, immunity, cognitive status in alzheimer's - ANSWERVitamin E is associated with
enhanced:
1000mg/d - ANSWERWhat is the UL for Vitamin E
longer blood clotting time, increased bleeding, mortality - ANSWERGenerally, Vitamin E
does not have a reported toxicity, but very high intakes can lead to:
women - ANSWERWhich gender is more likely to have osteoporosis over 80 and have
related fractures
kyphosis - ANSWERRelated to osteoporosis. Spinal deformity
0.5-1% - ANSWEROn average, the rate of bone loss per year after 50 year is:
35%, 50%, 2/3 - ANSWERFrom young adulthood to old age, women lose _____ long
bones and _____ of trabecular bone while men lose about _____ this amount
hip fracture - ANSWERIn relation to osteoporosis, often a lifestyle altering event that
involves permanent functional disability and death within a year or injury
female 4x, white and asians, small frame, family history - ANSWERWhat are genetic
risk factors for osteoporosis
hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, DM, menopause, amenorrhea history,
glucocorticoid therapy - ANSWERWhat are hormonal risk factors for osteoporosis
smoking, alcohol, low calcium and vitamin D, lack of PA - ANSWERWhat are lifestyle
factors that contribute to osteoporosis
no - ANSWERIs serum calcium a good measure of dietary intake or osteoporosis risk?
PTH, bone, GI tract, kidney - ANSWERLow levels of calcium triggers _____ secretion
which restores serum Ca levels by 1) releasing if from the _____ 2) increasing
absorption in the ______ 3) and reabsorption in the _______
hormone replacement therapy - ANSWERStimulates conversion of vitamin D to
calcitrol. Controversial because of increased risks of chronic diseases
calcitrol - ANSWERactive metabolite necessary for calcium absorption
CVD - ANSWERSupplementation of calcium may increase risk of:
decreases ca absorption, low serum PTH, getting calcium from bone - ANSWERWhat
are the consequences of lack of vitamin D on calcium?
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|| 2025
LATEST UPDATE
higher Ca and vitamin C, lower Fe intake - ANSWERRDA is controversial and DRI
doesn't address subgroups. So, in general, what is the dietary recommendation for
elderly?
maintenance - ANSWERWhat is the main body weight goal?
activity level - ANSWERTotal energy expenditure for adults is largely determined by:
LBM, gender, age, body size, thyroid status - ANSWERResting energy expenditure is
influenced by:
endurance - ANSWERWhat type of exercise is recommended for elderly?
no - ANSWERDoes training response differ by age for 65+
150, 75, 2 - ANSWERPA guidelines: sit less, some PA is better than nothing; ______
minutes/wk or ____ if vigorous; muscle strengthening at least ____ days/wk
no - ANSWERIs harris benedict equation ideal for calculating caloric requirements for
aging?
80 - ANSWERMSJ calorie equation is validated to age:
vitamin B6, folate, calcium, zinc - ANSWERPoor caloric intake is in elderly is associated
with low intakes of what micronutrients?
low grade infection or inflammation, malnutrition, illness or surgery recovery -
ANSWERProtein requirements may be different depending on different conditions
69, 80 - ANSWERAt risk groups for protein deficiency include black and mexican men
>_____yrs and white and black women >____ yrs
Tufts - ANSWERWhich MyPlate should older adults pay attention to?
spices, utensils, PA, Fluids - ANSWERWhat are some things not included in the regular
MyPlate but is in the Tufts elderly version?
liver damage - ANSWERVitamin A super supplementation is associated with:
, immunity, cognitive status in alzheimer's - ANSWERVitamin E is associated with
enhanced:
1000mg/d - ANSWERWhat is the UL for Vitamin E
longer blood clotting time, increased bleeding, mortality - ANSWERGenerally, Vitamin E
does not have a reported toxicity, but very high intakes can lead to:
women - ANSWERWhich gender is more likely to have osteoporosis over 80 and have
related fractures
kyphosis - ANSWERRelated to osteoporosis. Spinal deformity
0.5-1% - ANSWEROn average, the rate of bone loss per year after 50 year is:
35%, 50%, 2/3 - ANSWERFrom young adulthood to old age, women lose _____ long
bones and _____ of trabecular bone while men lose about _____ this amount
hip fracture - ANSWERIn relation to osteoporosis, often a lifestyle altering event that
involves permanent functional disability and death within a year or injury
female 4x, white and asians, small frame, family history - ANSWERWhat are genetic
risk factors for osteoporosis
hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, DM, menopause, amenorrhea history,
glucocorticoid therapy - ANSWERWhat are hormonal risk factors for osteoporosis
smoking, alcohol, low calcium and vitamin D, lack of PA - ANSWERWhat are lifestyle
factors that contribute to osteoporosis
no - ANSWERIs serum calcium a good measure of dietary intake or osteoporosis risk?
PTH, bone, GI tract, kidney - ANSWERLow levels of calcium triggers _____ secretion
which restores serum Ca levels by 1) releasing if from the _____ 2) increasing
absorption in the ______ 3) and reabsorption in the _______
hormone replacement therapy - ANSWERStimulates conversion of vitamin D to
calcitrol. Controversial because of increased risks of chronic diseases
calcitrol - ANSWERactive metabolite necessary for calcium absorption
CVD - ANSWERSupplementation of calcium may increase risk of:
decreases ca absorption, low serum PTH, getting calcium from bone - ANSWERWhat
are the consequences of lack of vitamin D on calcium?
