Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Q1 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care
Providers
Question Stem: A 4-month-old infant is brought for a well-child
visit. The family prefers care from a nurse practitioner who
provides family-focused anticipatory guidance and
immunization counseling. Which feature most clearly
distinguishes pediatric primary care practice from specialty
pediatric care?
A. Frequent referrals to subspecialists for routine care
B. Emphasis on longitudinal, holistic family-centered care and
prevention
C. Management limited solely to acute illness visits
D. Exclusive focus on inpatient coordination of care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary care is defined by longitudinal,
holistic, family-centered care with a prevention focus, which
distinguishes it from specialty or episodic care.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Referrals occur but frequent referrals for routine care
characterize specialty rather than primary care.
C. Limiting to acute visits ignores prevention and continuity
central to primary care.
,D. Inpatient coordination alone is not the core of outpatient
primary care.
Teaching Point: Primary care = longitudinal, preventive, family-
centered care.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care
Q2 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus Primary
Prevention
Question Stem: A PNP is developing a clinic program to reduce
early childhood caries in their panel. Which intervention best
represents primary prevention?
A. Restorative dental treatment for an existing cavity
B. Fluoride varnish application and caregiver counseling on
feeding practices
C. Referral to pediatric dentistry after pain onset
D. Prescribing antibiotics for a dental abscess
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary prevention aims to prevent disease
before it occurs; fluoride varnish and caregiver counseling
reduce risk of caries.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Restorative treatment is secondary/tertiary intervention after
disease onset.
C. Referral after pain is reactive, not preventive.
D. Antibiotics treat established infection, not primary
,prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention prevents disease;
anticipatory guidance is key.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention
Q3 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care
Providers
Question Stem: A 15-year-old with chronic asthma asks
whether the PNP or a pulmonologist should manage routine
day-to-day medication adjustments. For stable chronic asthma
in adolescents, which provider role is most appropriate?
A. Only pulmonologist can adjust controller therapy
B. Primary care PNP manages routine adjustments; refer for
uncontrolled disease
C. ED physicians should manage daily controller changes
D. School nurse should manage controller medication dosing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary care clinicians (PNPs) are
responsible for ongoing management and stepwise medication
adjustments; subspecialist referral is for refractory or complex
cases.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Limiting adjustments to pulmonologists undermines primary
care scope.
C. ED is for acute care, not longitudinal medication
, management.
D. School nurses support administration but do not direct
chronic medication adjustments.
Teaching Point: PNPs manage routine chronic disease
adjustments; refer when uncontrolled.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care Providers
Q4 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in Pediatrics
Question Stem: A toddler presents with poor weight gain.
Which unique pediatric consideration should a PNP prioritize
when interpreting growth concerns?
A. Using adult BMI cutoffs scaled to height
B. Considering age- and sex-specific growth charts and parental
heights
C. Assuming brief feeding changes are permanent
D. Ignoring psychosocial factors as unrelated to growth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Pediatrics requires age- and sex-specific
growth charts, parental stature, and developmental context to
interpret growth accurately.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Adult BMI cutoffs are not applicable to toddlers.
C. Brief feeding changes may be transient; assessment must be
comprehensive.
D. Psychosocial factors (food security, caregiver interaction)
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Q1 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care
Providers
Question Stem: A 4-month-old infant is brought for a well-child
visit. The family prefers care from a nurse practitioner who
provides family-focused anticipatory guidance and
immunization counseling. Which feature most clearly
distinguishes pediatric primary care practice from specialty
pediatric care?
A. Frequent referrals to subspecialists for routine care
B. Emphasis on longitudinal, holistic family-centered care and
prevention
C. Management limited solely to acute illness visits
D. Exclusive focus on inpatient coordination of care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary care is defined by longitudinal,
holistic, family-centered care with a prevention focus, which
distinguishes it from specialty or episodic care.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Referrals occur but frequent referrals for routine care
characterize specialty rather than primary care.
C. Limiting to acute visits ignores prevention and continuity
central to primary care.
,D. Inpatient coordination alone is not the core of outpatient
primary care.
Teaching Point: Primary care = longitudinal, preventive, family-
centered care.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care
Q2 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus Primary
Prevention
Question Stem: A PNP is developing a clinic program to reduce
early childhood caries in their panel. Which intervention best
represents primary prevention?
A. Restorative dental treatment for an existing cavity
B. Fluoride varnish application and caregiver counseling on
feeding practices
C. Referral to pediatric dentistry after pain onset
D. Prescribing antibiotics for a dental abscess
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary prevention aims to prevent disease
before it occurs; fluoride varnish and caregiver counseling
reduce risk of caries.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Restorative treatment is secondary/tertiary intervention after
disease onset.
C. Referral after pain is reactive, not preventive.
D. Antibiotics treat established infection, not primary
,prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention prevents disease;
anticipatory guidance is key.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention
Q3 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care
Providers
Question Stem: A 15-year-old with chronic asthma asks
whether the PNP or a pulmonologist should manage routine
day-to-day medication adjustments. For stable chronic asthma
in adolescents, which provider role is most appropriate?
A. Only pulmonologist can adjust controller therapy
B. Primary care PNP manages routine adjustments; refer for
uncontrolled disease
C. ED physicians should manage daily controller changes
D. School nurse should manage controller medication dosing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Primary care clinicians (PNPs) are
responsible for ongoing management and stepwise medication
adjustments; subspecialist referral is for refractory or complex
cases.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Limiting adjustments to pulmonologists undermines primary
care scope.
C. ED is for acute care, not longitudinal medication
, management.
D. School nurses support administration but do not direct
chronic medication adjustments.
Teaching Point: PNPs manage routine chronic disease
adjustments; refer when uncontrolled.
Citation: Burns et al., 2024, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care Providers
Q4 — Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in Pediatrics
Question Stem: A toddler presents with poor weight gain.
Which unique pediatric consideration should a PNP prioritize
when interpreting growth concerns?
A. Using adult BMI cutoffs scaled to height
B. Considering age- and sex-specific growth charts and parental
heights
C. Assuming brief feeding changes are permanent
D. Ignoring psychosocial factors as unrelated to growth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Pediatrics requires age- and sex-specific
growth charts, parental stature, and developmental context to
interpret growth accurately.
Rationale (incorrect):
A. Adult BMI cutoffs are not applicable to toddlers.
C. Brief feeding changes may be transient; assessment must be
comprehensive.
D. Psychosocial factors (food security, caregiver interaction)
